Abstract: A backup aid system (14) for detecting the presence of a trailer (12) includes a trailer connector (52a) and a backup aid controller (50) that has an input (66) electrically coupled to the connector (52a). The backup aid controller (50) monitors a voltage level at input (66). When the voltage level is above a first predetermined voltage, the controller (50) generates a backup warning signal. When the voltage is below a second predetermined voltage, the controller (50) disables the backup warning signal. Also, the system may monitor the voltage in between the first predetermined voltage and the second predetermined voltage to determine the presence of a lamp fault such as outage or corroded contacts.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling a vehicle includes receiving vehicle position information from a positioning system and combining the position information with information from a map database and a driver behavior model to control the vehicle's speed and braking for not only the current roadway the vehicle is operating on but also on upcoming road sections.

Abstract: A method of distributing a torque demand in a hybrid electric vehicle having an internal combustion engine 200 and an electric motor 202 is provided. In hybrid operation, the motor 202 initially starts the vehicle. When the vehicle desired power demand reaches a first vehicle operational parameter, a controller 214 switches the torque demand to the engine 200. An accelerator pedal 220 has a position sensor 222 which determines a non-fixed pedal 220 first position during transition between the motor 202 and engine 200. The accelerator pedal 220 also has a preset second position wherein a maximum of engine 200 torque is requested. The controller 214, cognizant of the accelerator pedal 220 first and second positions, linearly scales the accelerator pedal 220 to provide a uniform torque-responsive accelerator pedal.

Abstract: A housing assembly for an electrical energy storage device includes a support structure arranged within a passenger compartment of a vehicle, a combined housing/console structure for concealing, at least partially, the support structure and the electrical energy storage device, and a housing cover, having at least one console feature, for mounting on the housing/console structure.

Abstract: A multi-pole rotor of an electric machine includes ferromagnetic pole sets each extending from an inner surface of the rotor to an outer surface of the rotor, slots separating each of said ferromagnetic pole segments, each of said slots extending from the inner surface of the rotor to the outer surface of the rotor, and each of said slots also having a width varying along a direction from the inner surface of the rotor to the outer surface of the rotor, and a magnet structure constructed and arranged within each of said slots such that said magnet structure also has a width varying along the direction from the inner surface of the rotor to the outer surface of the rotor.

Abstract: A power distribution control system for a hybrid fuel cell vehicle is provided. The system includes a high energy converter (HEC) for providing current from an electrical bus to the battery, or from the battery to the bus. As a vehicle load changes, the HEC adjusts the battery current flow. A current command is sent to a fuel cell controller so that the fuel cell current output is adjusted. As the fuel cell current output changes, the HEC further adjusts the battery current flow, until there is a zero net current flow to and from the battery. At this point, a state of equilibrium is reached and the fuel cell provides all the current required by the vehicle loads.

Abstract: This invention is a method and system to disconnect drive wheels from the powertrain of any electric powered vehicle. A vehicle controller monitors input from, for example, an inertia switch and electric motor generator conditions and can disconnect the output shaft from the drive wheels in predetermined vehicle conditions such as during a rear-end collision, or abnormal electric motor conditions such as over-torque, over-temperature, or over-current. The invention can be configured to monitor and respond to driver demand for four-wheel drive, two-wheel drive, and neutral tow. The disconnect device can comprise a disconnect actuator and joint attached to an axle disconnect. The axle disconnect can be electric or vacuum powered and positioned as a center disconnect or a wheel-end disconnect. The invention can be configured for conventional or limited slip axles.

Abstract: An electrical system for an automotive vehicle includes a low voltage battery having a low voltage, a high voltage battery having a high voltage, and a DC-to-DC converter coupled to the low voltage battery and the high voltage battery. A controller controls a conversion of the low voltage to a high voltage through the DC-to-DC converter and controls the charging of the high voltage battery with the high voltage. The controller monitors a state of charge of the high voltage battery, compares the state of charge to a predetermined state of charge and generates an indicator when the state of charge reaches the predetermined state of charge.

Abstract: A power distribution control system for a hybrid fuel cell vehicle is provided. The system includes a high voltage energy converter (HVEC) for providing current from an electrical bus to the battery, or from the battery to the bus. As a vehicle load increases, the HVEC temporarily provides current to the bus from the battery. A feedforward signal is input into a fuel cell subsystem so that the fuel cell begins to generate additional current. As additional fuel cell current becomes available, an HVEC controller reduces the amount of current the HVEC provides to the bus from the battery, until there is a zero net current flow to and from the battery. At this point, a state of equilibrium is reached and the fuel cell provides all the current required by the vehicle loads.

Abstract: An accumulator 114 is provided in an engine 7 camshaft 73 having at least one lobe and an internal cavity 170. A compliance member 174 is provided for pressurizing the fluid within the internal cavity 170.

Abstract: A conductivity sensor (16) and control circuit (18) for determining the conductivity of a fluid is provided. Conductivity sensor (16) is formed of a first annular electrode (24) spaced apart from a second annular electrode (26) having a tubular portion (28) therebetween. The first annular electrode (24) and the second annular electrode (26) are coupled to a control circuit (18). The control circuit (18) preferably includes a square wave generating circuit (40), a current-to-voltage converter circuit (42) coupled to one of the electrodes, a buffer circuit (44) coupled to the other one of the electrodes, a synchronous detector circuit (46). The synchronous detector circuit (46) is operated using the square wave from square wave generator circuit (40). By oscillating between a negative and positive gain, a constant direct current output corresponding to the conductivity of the fluid between the first annular electrode and second annular electrode is provided.

Abstract: A method and system to control engine shutdown for a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is provided. Tailpipe emissions are reduced during the many engine shutdowns and subsequent restarts during the course of an HEV drive cycle, and evaporative emissions are reduced during an HEV “soak” (inactive) period. The engine shutdown routine can ramp off fuel injectors, control engine torque (via electronic throttle control), control engine speed, stop spark delivery by disabling the ignition system, stop purge vapor flow by closing a vapor management valve (VMV), stop exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) flow by closing an EGR valve, and flush the intake manifold of residual fuel (vapor and puddles) into the combustion chamber to be combusted chamber to be combusted. The resulting exhaust gas byproducts are then converted in the catalytic converter.

Abstract: A feedback system 10 for use with a hybrid electric vehicle 12 having a propulsion system 14 which includes a motor/generator 16 and an internal combustion engine 20. The system 10 provides a driver of vehicle 12 with tactile, audible, visual and/or other perceivable feedback, effective to notify the driver that the powertrain 14 of the vehicle is active when the internal combustion engine 20 is stopped.

Abstract: A strategy to control and diagnose the operation of an electric motor using a sensorless control system augmented by feedback from a position and speed sensor is disclosed. The strategy can improve the robustness of operation and diagnose potential faults in electric motors. The present invention includes a method for diagnosing operation of an electric motor and a method and system for controlling an electric motor. In the diagnostic method, a sensorless system and a sensor based system are checked against each other to determine if either of the systems is faulted. In the control method, the sensor based control system is used when the motor speed is below a predetermined threshold and the sensorless system is used when the motor speed is above the predetermined threshold. The position sensor can be a low resolution position sensor, an engine crankshaft sensor, an engine camshaft sensor, or a transmission sensor.

Abstract: A control and control method for a powertrain for a parallel hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) method and system, including a pre-transmission internal combustion engine (ICE), an electric traction motor/generator (motor), and a controller for the motor to emulate the behavior of the internal combustion engine. Emulation strategy allows the use of the same transmission hardware and control for both the engine and the motor in each of several operating modes. The complexity of the parallel HEV powertrain system is reduced, and vehicle performance is consistent with a substantially constant drive force.

Abstract: A hybrid power system (10) for supplying power to a load (12) such as an electric vehicle is provided. The power system (10) includes an energy storage device (14) and a fuel cell system (16). When the state of charge of the energy storage device (14) is greater than or equal to a predetermined state of charge, the energy storage device (14) supplies all of the power to the load (12). When the state of charge of the energy storage device (14) falls below the predetermined state of charge, the fuel cell system (16) supplies at least a portion of the power to the load (12). In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the fuel cell system (16) then supplies all of the power to the load (12) as long as the power requirement of the load (12) does not exceed an optimal power output of the fuel cell system (16).

Abstract: An energy storage system for a vehicle includes a compressed gas storage tank having a generally cylindrical outer wall and a generally cylindrical battery having a partially triangular section defined in part by a concave surface extending along and nested with at least a portion of the cylindrical outer wall of the gas storage tank.

Abstract: A system 10 is provided for supplying air to a fuel cell 12 for use within a vehicle 14. The system 10 includes a conventional storage tank 16 which receives and stores hydrogen gas at a relatively high pressure, an expander unit 18, a compressor unit 20, pressure regulators 22, 24, a valve 26, a controller 30, and vehicle sensors 32, and a secondary compressor 34. The system 10 selectively channels pressurized hydrogen gas through expander unit 18 which lowers the pressure of the hydrogen gas and rotatably drives compressor 20. By utilizing the potential energy within the hydrogen gas to drive compressor 20, system 10 conserves energy and improves the overall fuel economy of the vehicle 14.

Abstract: A method for determining the existence of a “short time” type state within a vehicle control assembly 10. The method requires the measurement of the temperature 59 of engine coolant 16 at a first time 61 and the determination and/or the inferential creation of the temperature 60 of the engine coolant 16 at a second and later time 62. A “short time” type state is identified when the temperature 60 at the second time 62 is greater than or equal to the temperature 59 at the first time 61.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus 12 for cooling one or more torque generation assemblies, such as an internal combustion engine 14 and/or an electric motor 16 by the use of variable speed pump assembly 28 which may be selectively operated without the use of any of the torque generation assemblies 12, 14.