Abstract: An improved process for making propane sulfonates without isolating intermediates is provided comprising using an aqueous NaOH system instead of metallic sodium and recycling a portion of the product phase transfer as catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for removing contaminants such as arsenic from a hydrocarbonaceous fluid which consists essentially of the crude, or a fraction thereof, obtained from oil shale, solid coal, or tar sands by non-catalytically heat treating the hydrocarbonaceous fluid at a temperature of from about 20.degree. F. to about 600.degree. F. in the presence of an aqueous solution containing an agent that would convert such contaminants into components soluble in the aqueous solution. Particularly suitable agents to be utilized in the above aqueous solution to remove contaminants such as arsenic are ammonium sulfide type compounds. The purified hydrocarbonaceous fluid may be subjected to a catalytic hydrotreating process.

Abstract: Coating compositions comprising a combination of a minor amount of high MW resin of low functionality with a large proportion of monoethylenically unsaturated monomer having a relatively high Tg to provide a coating which, when cured, will possess a degree of hardness and flexibility enabling it to withstand severe fabrication and/or flexure stresses without film failure or loss of adhesion to the substrate. By controlling the molar ratio of unsaturated carbon bonds present in polyunsaturated molecules to those present in monounsaturated molecules, one is able to predict and control the physical performance and character of the cured coating.

Abstract: Apparatus and method of its utilization for controlling exothermic reactions such as the conversion of methanol to either olefin-enriched or gasoline boiling range hydrocarbons are disclosed. More particularly, the arrangement of fluid catalyst bed apparatus can be employed under varying reaction conditions in order to adjust contact between vaporous reactant and fluidized catalyst so as to maximize production as desired of either gasoline boiling range products or olefinic products useful as chemical feedstocks.

Abstract: The concentration of sulfur trioxides in an FCC unit regenerator is maintained within environmentally accepted limits, while maintaining an adequate amount of gas for fluidizing conditions in the regenerator, by admixing the regenerator oxygen-containing gas with an inert gas. The quantity of the inert gas is controlled by a control loop measuring the pressure drop in the regenerator, and adjusting the amount of the inert gas to maintain the pressure drop within the predetermined limits.

Abstract: An ocean bottom seismometer unit records refraction waves from a seismic source. The refraction waves are digitzed and stored in a magnetic memory. Periodically, a tape recorder is started and digital samples are transferred from digital memory to tape during a time in which operation of the tape recorder will not generate spurious noise signals which interferes with the detection of the refraction waves. The water break is detected and the time of its occurrence is digitized. Only the digitized time of the water break occurrence is recorded thereby permitting shortened record length and increased record storage capacity.

Abstract: Maximum likelihood estimation theory is applied to the determination of the ratio of P-wave velocity to S-wave velocity (V.sub.p /V.sub.s) from P-wave and S-wave seismic sections obtained along the same line of exploration. For a certain statistical model, the optimal estimator for V.sub.p /V.sub.s is determined, and shown to be equivalent to maximizing the simple mathematical correlation between P-wave and stretched S-wave seismogram segments. The maximum likelihood method provides a data-dependent formula for the mean square error associated with the V.sub.p /V.sub.s estimate. Alternatively, the latter formula provides a measure of the V.sub.p /V.sub.s information contained in the data. The information measure also provides optimal weighting for computing multitrace V.sub.p /V.sub.s averages, and provides for the determination of the statistical error in such averages.

Abstract: This invention discloses a method and system for continuously measuring the amount of solid cuttings picked up by a drilling mud being circulated in a well being drilled into subterranean formations and the amount of drilling mud carried over with the cuttings when the cuttings are separated from the drilling mud by a shale shaker. The cuttings and carryover mud discharged from the shale shaker are introduced into a vessel wherein the weight and volume of the solid cuttings and carryover mud are continuously measured and the volume fraction of solid cuttings .phi..sub.c is determined in accordance with the following equation: ##EQU1## wherein W is the weight of a fixed volume of solid cuttings and carryover mud discharged from the shale shaker, V is the volume of solid cuttings and carryover mud discharged from the shale shaker, P.sub.m is the density of the drilling mud, and P.sub.c is the density of the solid cuttings. The volume fraction of the carryover mud .phi..sub.

Abstract: A resin is provided which is the adduct of a monocarboxylic acid and a diglycidyl ether of a bisphenol, or of a monocarboxylic acid, a bisphenol, and a diglycidyl ether of a bisphenol, reacted with an anhydride to an Acid No. of 35 to 150. This resin is solubilized with a volatile amine, ammonia, or NH.sub.4 OH in a solvent mixture of water, alkoxyethanols, alcohols, and alkyl ethers of diethylene glycol and combined with an aminoplast to produce a coating composition utilizable to coat surfaces that will contact a food or beverage, such as in metal packaging containers.

Abstract: A simple harmonic oscillator for use in measuring dynamic elastic constants of rock material samples includes a pair of masses vertically suspended from a support position by a pair of wires. At least one mass is driven by a permanent magnet with the driving coil positioned in the air gap to the magnet. The rock sample is horizontally positioned between the pair of masses such that the rock sample acts as a spring element connecting the masses, thereby forming the simple harmonic oscillator.

Abstract: Organic compound mixtures enriched in meta-isopropylphenol are prepared by alkylating phenol with isopropanol or propylene to form mixtures of isopropylphenol isomers and by subsequently selectively cracking the para-isopropylphenol isomer from such a mixture over a ZSM-5 type cracking catalyst. Concentration of the para-isomer is thereby selectively reduced relative to the meta-isomer and the meta-isopropylphenol isomer can be further separated from the remaining mixture by fractionation procedures.

Abstract: Product made by reacting a hindered phenol aldehyde with a primary amine followed by reacting the product thus obtained with a diorganophosphorodithioic acid, and lubricants containing same.

Abstract: Arsenic and Nitrogen Removal from shale oil by delayed coking in the presence of carbonaceous materials.

Abstract: A suspension of catalyst and gasiform material is separated by a catalyst particle concentrating means which discharges the catalyst into a steam stripping zone and transmits the separated gasiform material to a cyclone separator by means of a restricted passageway which minimizes the time the gasiform material is exposed to the catalytic reaction product temperature.

Abstract: A thermoplastic bag characterized by having handles formed on opposite ends of the bag mouth which is characterized by having structural features immediately adjacent the mouth of the bag to provide stress relief at those positions on the bag mouth where maximum stress is concentrated when such bags are being filled with product and eventually carried by the user. The stress redistribution feature is characterized by an area or areas, immediately adjacent the mouth portion of the bag and the base of the handle members, which are characterized by having a plurality of narrow pleats which are impressed into the bag structure by die members during formation of the individual bag.

Abstract: A heat sealable film laminate having a first layer of a major amount of high density polyolefin, a minor proportion of an adhesion promoting ionomer and a heat seal promoting proportion of a metal salt of a fatty acid; and a second layer adhering to the first layer, said layer comprising a polyamide. A food storage and heating bag formed from said laminate and a method of heat sealing said laminate.

Abstract: A flexible film laminate and pouch or tube therefrom comprising two or more layers of polyacrylonitrile homopolymer films adhesively bonded together by means of a layer of a combination of a styrene-butadiene block copolymer and a random terpolymer, said laminate having been subjected to ultraviolet radiation to an extent resulting in a greater bond strength between layers than in the absence of said radiation.

Abstract: A method for borehole gravimetric determination of residual oil saturation of a formation is described. In a preferred embodiment plural measurements of the local gravity are taken at each of spaced locations within a well and those departing more than a statistically determined distance from the mean of the measurements taken at a given location are deemed to be in error and are not used in calculation of the density of the formation at a given point.

Abstract: A high pour point, high sulfur content gas oil is processed in a combination process wherein the gas oil is first catalytically dewaxed and then hydrodesulfurized in a cascade system which enables the two operations to be integrated through a common hydrogen system and whereby substantial quantities of thermal energy are recovered for reuse resulting in significant energy conservation.

Abstract: Process for reforming a hydrocarbon charge under reforming conditions in a reforming zone containing a sulfur-sensitive metal containing reforming catalyst wherein over-cracking of the charge stock and excessive temperature rise in the reforming zone is suppressed by pre-conditioning the catalyst, prior to contact with the charge, with a reformate of specified octane number and aromatics content.