Abstract: Beneficiation of ores, especially phosphate ores, is improved by using deionized or softened water in the conditioning step.

Abstract: A method for conducting transesterification reactions employing a catalyst system comprising metallic sodium and aluminum isopropoxide which provides a facile, high yield, means for producing compounds such as esters of alkyl- and alkyloxy-substituted arylamines.

Abstract: Oxidation in lubricants is reduced by adding to the lubricant a small portion of a triazole/dithiophosphate reaction product.

Abstract: The cloud point of a hydrodewaxed base stock is reduced by direct sulfurization of the base stock, or by direct sulfurization of the base stock in the presence of a magnesium compound.

Abstract: Multifunctional additives are provided for fuel and lubricant compositions. The additives are products prepared from metal-containing compounds, phosphorus polysulfides and hydrocarbyl vicinal diols. The lubricants include mineral oils, synthetic oils, mixtures thereof and greases from either of the three types.

Abstract: The invention provides (1) products of reaction formed by reacting a hydrolyzed imidazoline, a mercaptan and an aldehyde and (2) products of reaction of (1) and a boron compound, as well as lubricant compositions containing same.

Abstract: Multifunctional additives are provided for fuel and lubricant compositions. The additives are borated alkoxylated alcohols, made by reacting the alkoxylated alcohol with a boron-containing compound such as boric acid or trialkyl borate. Lubricant and liquid fuel compositions containing such borated compounds are also provided.

Abstract: Reaction products from thiodephenol, aldehydes and amines are effective friction reducing additives in lubricants.

Abstract: N-alkoxyalkyl amides may be formed by the reaction of primary alkoxyalkylamines with carboxylic acids such as formic acid, or alternatively by ammonolysis of the appropriate formate ester. The resultant amides exhibit friction reducing properties when incorporated in additive amounts in lubricants and fuels. Extremely low concentrations of such additives, i.e. N-alkoxyalkyl formamides in lubricating oils result in vastly improved, i.e. lowered coefficients of friction. By virtue of the friction reducing characteristics and lubricity properties, the additive compositions of the present invention exhibit reduced wear on rubbing surfaces.

Abstract: Water soluble lubricant compositions comprising alkanolamine and organic acid are improved by employing as the organic acid a partial acid amide of a dicarboxylic acid, such as mono-PRIMENE 81 R amide of succinic acid, mono-di-2-ethylhexylamide of maleic acid, mono-di-2-ethylhexylamide of methyltetrahydrophthalic acid and mono-di-2-ethylhexylamide of methylhexahydrophthalic acid as the organic acid.

Abstract: Zwitterionic quaternary ammonium sulfates of the formulas hereinafter disclosed are provided as new compounds and as effective lubricant and fuel additives. They are multifunctional, having, among others, the ability to reduce corrosion, oxidation and friction in, for example, an internal combustion engine and thereby to reduce fuel consumption.

Abstract: Lubricants are stabilized against wear and corrosion by adding an additive amount of a novel substituted thiadiazole. These are derived from 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole and other moieties, as for example, an isocyanate moiety.

Abstract: Lubricant and liquid fuel compositions containing a product made by reacting a boronating agent with a hydrocarbyl epoxide are provided. The invention also provides the product per se.

Abstract: Product made by reacting a hindered phenol aldehyde with a primary amine followed by reacting the product thus obtained with a diorganophosphorodithioic acid, and lubricants containing same.

Abstract: The invention provides products of reaction formed by reacting an amine, a mercaptan and an aldehyde. The invention also provides liquid fuel and lubricant compositions.

Abstract: Metal salts of partially phosphosulfurized pentaerythritol and trimethylolpropane based hydroxyl-containing esters are effective as multifunctional additives, reducing friction, inhibiting oxidation and reducing bearing corrosion when incorporated into a variety of lubricating media.

Abstract: Reaction products from certain phenol, aldehydes and amines are effective friction reducing additives in lubricants and in liquid fuels, such as gasoline and alcohol fuels.

Abstract: Polymerizable (that is, e.g., monomeric) polyfluorinated compounds, when added to a lubricant or to a liquid hydrocarbon fuel, as for example gasoline, will cause a reduction in fuel consumption. Reduced fuel consumption may also be realized for long periods from pistons and/or cylinder walls so coated with one or more of the polymerizable compounds.

Abstract: A fuel composition comprising a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a detergent amount of the product of reaction between a polyamine and a stearic acid is described.

Abstract: The invention provides (1) products of reaction formed by reacting a hydrolyzed imidazoline, a mercaptan and an aldehyde and (2) products of reaction of (1) and a boron compound, as well as lubricant compositions containing same.