Abstract: The invention relates to a system and method for assessing simulated biological dissolution of a pharmaceutical formulation and absorption of a pharmaceutically active compound therefrom. The system comprises a dissolution chamber and a cell culture chamber. Within the dissolution chamber, the dissolution profile of the pharmaceutical formulation (or drug) is determined. Within the cell culture chamber, the pharmaceutically active compound may be absorbed and transported by a cell monolayer. The cell culture chamber includes a tubular filter which is permeable to medium and capable of supporting the cell monolayer on its interior surface. Insertion of the filter into the cell culture chamber housing forms an apical chamber interior of the filter, and a basal chamber between the filter and the wall of the housing. The filter rotates about an axis within the housing substantially parallel to the direction of media flow through the cell culture chamber.

Abstract: A diesel engine idle speed control system and method wherein a preset running characteristic map is corrected by a learning value updated on the basis of the output of a PID under predetermined conditions for each of different engine load modes, thereby determining a desired injection quantity. The map indicates a relationship between an engine speed and a fuel injection quantity for each of accelerator openings, including an accelerator opening of zero percent. A judgment is made on the present load mode of the engine, and a basic injection quantity corresponding to the present accelerator opening and engine speed is calculated from the running characteristic map. When the vehicle operating condition is in an idle mode, learning is executed so as to optimize a feedback correction quantity used for feedback control for each load mode, and a corrected basic injection quantity is calculated from the basic injection quantity and the learning value. Relearning is executed according to a predetermined condition.