Abstract: A carbon fiber-reinforced cement mould is provided which is capable of being thermally cycled continually at temperatures up to 200.degree. C. Such mould is particularly suitable for casting or forming plastic articles which require heating up to 200.degree. C. to effect curing. Because the mould remains free from cracking and surface spalling during such thermal cycling, it can be used over and over again.

Abstract: A method of producing a pitch or a coke, comprising reacting an aromatic hydrocarbon with anhydrous AlCl.sub.3 and an acid salt of an organic amine which acid salt reduces the activity of the AlCl.sub.3, and is miscible with the AlCl.sub.3 to form a molten eutectic salt mixture reactive with the aromatic hydrocarbon.

Abstract: A tape filter device for the removal of solids from liquid media having a weir assembly, which enables solids to be carried out by the water flow, into which a tape head support member having filtrate passages therein is immersed, such that liquid media flows tangentially across its guide surface. A tape transport mechanism pulls the tape from a supply source across the support member and deposits it in a collecting means.

Abstract: A mesophase pitch derived carbon fiber which has been boronated and intercalated with calcium possesses a low resistivity and excellent mechanical properties.

Abstract: A process for producing a carbon fiber includes the steps of heat treating a selected precursor material under high pressure, thereafter solvent extracting the treated precursor material to obtain mesophase pitch, spinning the mesophase pitch into at least one pitch fiber, thermosetting the pitch fiber, and carbonizing the pitch fiber to obtain the carbon fiber.

Abstract: A mesophase pitch derived fiber having a predetermined cross-sectional structure is produced by passing mesophase pitch being spun into a pitch fiber through a porous body positioned in the spinnerette channel of a spinnerette.

Abstract: A bobbin capable of retaining thermoset yarn during a heat treatment to pyrolyze and carbonize the thermoset yarn to produce a good quality carbon yarn, comprises a cylindrical body made of selected materials; and a layer of carbon felt positioned on the outside surface of the cylindrical body to receive the thermoset yarn and to minimize stress between the cylindrical body and the thermoset yarn during the heat treatment.

Abstract: A method for producing a mesophase pitch derived carbon yarn features collecting thermoset mesophase pitch yarn onto a bobbin, and subjecting the thermoset yarn to a heat treatment in an inert atmosphere to pyrolyze and carbonize the thermoset yarn.

Abstract: A process for producing a carbon fiber includes the steps of heating a selected precursor material under high pressure, thereafter heating the precursor material under atmospheric pressure with sparging to form a mesophase pitch, spinning the mesophase pitch into at least one pitch fiber, thermosetting the pitch fiber, and carbonizing the pitch fiber to obtain the carbon fiber.

Abstract: A new form of manganese dioxide having an x-ray diffraction pattern resembling none of the x-ray patterns of the known forms of manganese dioxide is manufactured by acid treatment of LiMn.sub.2 O.sub.4.

Abstract: A process for producing a carbon fiber features converting a precursor material under atmospheric pressure with heat but without sparging to a predetermined mesophase containing pitch, and thereafter continuing the heat treatment with sparging.

Abstract: In the process of producing a carbon fiber from mesophase pitch, including the steps of spinning the pitch fiber from a spinnerette, thermosetting the pitch fiber, and thereafter, carbonizing the pitch fiber to produce the carbon fiber, wherein the improvement comprises spinning the pitch fiber into a hot gaseous environment.

Abstract: A food casing suitable to impart an apparent smoke color to at least a portion of a food product including the food casing, comprises a food casing having interior and exterior surfaces and a coating comprising caramel and an antiblock agent on at least a portion of one of the surfaces.

Abstract: A closure fastening device comprises a first channel element including hook portions facing away from each other and a second channel element including hook portions facing towards each other, whereby the channel elements interlock by pressing the first channel element into the second channel element so that the hook portions engage each other at predetermined contact surfaces. The closure fastening device can be connected to the opening of a container to form a container capable of being closed and opened.

Abstract: A composite tubular food casing comprising a substantially flattened tubular substrate of cellulosic material and a melt extruded layer of thermoplastic material bonded to the tubular substrate with a beaded seam formed in the thermoplastic material adjacent the flattened edges of the cellulosic layer and separated from each edge a predetermined distance of no greater than 0.003 inches.

Abstract: A low molecular weight, anisotropic pitch consisting of essentially 100 percent mesophase and suitable for spinning into continuous filaments can be prepared by passing an inert gas through an isotropic carbonaceous pitch at a rate of at least 4.0 scfh. per pound of pitch while heating the pitch at a temperature of from about 380.degree. C. to about 430.degree. C. to produce mesophase and simultaneously agitating the pitch so as to produce a homogeneous emulsion of the mesophase produced and the remaining non-mesophase portion of the pitch, said heating and agitation being continued until the pitch has been essentially completely converted to mesophase and the emulsion has been transformed into an essentially single phase system. When examined under polarized light, the pitches of the present invention are seen to consist of a single phase which is essentially completely anisotropic.

Abstract: A cellulosic food casing includes an internal coating comprising a water soluble cellulose ether and a cationic thermosetting resin.

Abstract: A heat-shrinkable multilayer film suitable for use in the packaging of primal meat cut, includes a first outer layer comprising a blend of a propylene-ethylene copolymer, a (butene-1)-ethylene copolymer, and a thermoplastic elastomer selected from the group consisting of ethylene-propylene copolymers and ethylene-propylene diene terpolymers; a first core layer connected to the first outer layer and being capable of being stretched during the biaxial orientation of the multilayer film and comprising an extrudable adhesive; a second core layer connected to the first core layer and serving as an oxygen barrier to protect the meat cut from spoilage and being compatible to the biaxial orienting and heat shrinking of the film; and a second outer layer comprising an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer; the multilayer film being biaxially oriented.

Abstract: A heat-shrinkable multilayer film suitable for use in the packaging of a frozen poultry, includes a first outer layer comprising a blend of propylene-ethylene copolymer having a high isotactic molecular structure with less than about 6% by weight being ethylene and having a melt flow of from about 1.5 to about 18 decigrams per minute; a (butene-1)-ethylene copolymer having a high isotactic molecular structure with less than about 10% by weight ethylene and having a melt flow of from about 0.1 to about 5.0 decigrams per minute, and a thermoplastic elastomer selected from the group consisting of ethylene-propylene copolymers and ethylene-propylene diene terpolymers, the ratio by weight of the propylene-ethylene copolymer to the (butene-1)-ethylene copolymer being from about 2:1 to about 1:2 and the thermoplastic elastomer being present from about 10% to about 50% by weight, and a second outer layer comprising an ethylene-(butene-1) copolymer having a melt flow of from about 0.1 to about 1.