Abstract: A tool for producing a pattern of highly accurate optical quality surfaces and the method of making same from a series of bi-metallic pins. A high strength metal pin is coupled to a slug of metal of lesser strength capable of being accurately scribed. The supporting pin blank preferably is magnetic stainless steel and the slug is of copper. A group of such bi-metallic pins then is placed in an appropriate fixture after which an optical configuration, such as the three faces of a cube-corner element, are scribed into the copper ends. A completed tool may then be electroformed to produce an electroformed tool from an array of the like or different pins, arranged in various patterns.

Abstract: A retroreflective relatively flexible laminate sheet construction has a thermoplastic web with a smooth light-receiving first side and a second side coextensive with said first side. A retroreflective pattern is formed on the second side. A slurry of granular material is deposited on the second side to cover selected portions of the formed pattern with remaining portions of the formed pattern devoid of the granular material, and said slurry is dried or cured to produce a well-defined pattern. A layer of backcoating material is deposited on the second side to overlay the granular material, the backcoating material contacting the thermoplastic web where no granular material has been deposited, thereby encapsulating the granular material between the second side and the backcoating layer. An added, outer layer provides additional weather protection for the thermoplastic web. Methods are detailed to manufacture the laminate, and compositions of backcoating mixtures also are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an improved method and apparatus for continuously embossing a repeating pattern of precise detail, in particular, cube-corner type reflector elements, on one surface of a single sheet or on one surface of a laminate of transparent thermoplastic materials, to form retroreflective sheeting. A continuous embossing tool in the form of a flexible thin metal belt or cylinder has on its outer surface an embossing pattern which is the reverse of the precision optical pattern to be formed. The embossing tool is continously moved at a predetermined speed along a closed course through a heating station where the temperature of a portion of the embossing tool is raised to be above the glass transition temperature of the sheeting or laminate and a cooling station where the heated portion of the embossing tool is cooled while in a relatively planar condition to be below that glass transition temperature.

Abstract: An electrical connector for use in connecting a male contact to a female contact in an energized high voltage circuit, the electrical connector having a female contact assembly which is movable and is accelerated in response to the generation of arc-quenching gases within the electrical connector to aid in more rapidly closing the connection between the female contact and the male contact, and kinetic energy absorption and dissipation means for gradually absorbing and dissipating at least a portion of the kinetic energy imparted to the female contact assembly as a result of such acceleration thereof, so as to decelerate the female contact assembly and thereby facilitate bringing the female contact assembly to a halt subsequent to closing the connection.

Abstract: A thin transparent glass sheet is bonded to the substantially flat planar front face of a cube-corner-type retrodirective reflector formed of a light-transmitting synthetic organic resin for covering at least the reflex reflective area thereof. A liquid urethane resin radiation curable to a transparent solid state is applied to the front face of the reflector and one side of the glass sheet is coated with a silane solution which is allowed to dry, and which side is then placed against the urethane resin on the reflector front face and pressed thereagainst until all air bubbles have been forced from the urethane resin and it has spread to a layer of predetermined thickness.

Abstract: The invention is directed to the stimulation of water flow into a substantially dry well shaft from adjacent rock and soil strata bearing water supplies by developing passages from such water supplies through the well walls. Liquid or gaseous nitrogen and liquid or gaseous carbon dioxide are introduced into the well either individually or in combination and alternately pressurized and depressurized to cause the rock structure between said well wall and said water supplies to be exposed to high pressures and fractured to thereby open a passage from said water supplies to said well. A well cap is provided to seal the well and retain the pressure developed therein while providing for the introduction of the required materials. Means are also provided to release the pressure in the well quickly to return same to its unpressurized condition.

Abstract: The invention is directed to the stimulation of water flow into a substantially dry well shaft from adjacent rock and soil strata bearing water supplies by developing passages from such water supplies through the well walls. Liquid or gaseous nitrogen and liquid or gaseous carbon dioxide are introduced into the well either individually or in combination and alternately pressurized and depressurized to cause the rock structure between said well wall and said water supplies to be exposed to high pressures and fractured to thereby open a passage from said water supplies to said well. A well cap is provided to seal the well and retain the pressure developed therein while providing for the introduction of the required materials. Means are also provided to release the pressure in the well quickly to return same to its unpressurized condition.

Abstract: Prior to coiling, the wire to be used as the spring insert of twist-on connectors is mechanically worked to form at least two relatively sharp edges. When coiling is accomplished such edges are positioned to extend inwardly into the core of such coils to mechanically engage and retain conductors placed within said core.Similar sharp edges can be formed on spring inserts having a wide range of initial cross-section profiles.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a splice connector housing comprising a tubular elastomeric sleeve having first and second coaxial end portions which receive the insulation and shield of first and second cables, respectively, and, between the end portions, a central portion coaxial with the end portions and of substantially uniform wall thickness and which receives and resiliently grips a compression connector crimped to the bared ends of the conductors of the cables. The central portion further has a plurality of circumferentially spaced, similar radially resiliently, dilatable inner areas the inner surfaces of which define a circle normally of lesser diameter than both the cable insulation and the compression connector and a like number of circumferentially spaced similar relieved outer areas the inner surfaces of which define a circle of greater diameter than the cable shield. Each outer area merges smoothly, circumferentially, with two inner areas.

Abstract: A mobile apparatus for detecting reflectivity of markers on a roadway surface is disclosed. The apparatus includes a vehicle and an elongated shroud assembly which has mounted therein a light source for directing light toward a marker and a light receptor for detecting light reflected from the marker, as the apparatus moves along the roadway surface. An aperture housing is mounted to the shroud and light directed to and reflected from the marker must pass through the aperture housing. In one embodiment the shroud is pivotally connected at one end to the vehicle and positioning means are provided for maintaining that portion of the shroud which will normally overlie the marker when light is reflected therefrom at a uniform and preselected height from the roadway surface. In another embodiment, the shroud is rigidly fixed to the vehicle, but the aperture is constructed to "float" at a uniform and preselected height from the roadway surface.

Abstract: A reflector structure for reflecting light back toward the source thereof and adapted to be secured to an associated support surface, the reflector structure comprising a lens member of light-transmitting synthetic resin having a front face and a rear face. The lens member has a plurality of integrally formed retrodirective reflector elements formed in the rear face and extending outwardly therefrom. Each of the reflector elements in use is individually surrounded by a peripheral wall defining a cell around the individual reflector element. The peripheral walls extend between the plane of the rear face of the lens member and the plane of the associated support surface, the lens member being adapted to be sealed to the associated support surface.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method and apparatus for continuously embossing a repeating pattern of precise detail, in particular, cube-corner type reflector elements, on one surface of a sheet of transparent thermoplastic material to form retroreflective sheeting. A continuous embossing tool in the form of a flexible thin metal belt or cylinder has on its outer surface an embossing pattern which is the reverse of the pattern to be formed. The embossing tool is continuously moved at a predetermined speed along a closed course through a heating station where the temperature of a portion of the embossing tool is raised to be above the glass transition temperature of the sheeting and a cooling station where the heated portion of the embossing tool is cooled to be below that glass transition temperature.

Abstract: Cylindrical embossing tools are constructed from one or more masters formed by accurately scribing the face of a substrate along three axes in the face to produce a pattern of tetrahedrons. The plurality of masters, or replicated copies made from a single master, are assembled in a fixture and seamless copies are made by electrodeposition of nickel using various shielding and grinding methods to provide replicated copies of uniform thickness. The replicated copies are assembled and used to form larger electroforms until a generally cylindrical embossing tool of the correct width and circumference is created. Novel processes and apparatus are provided for removing the electroformed cylindrical tool from its mother cylinder.

Abstract: A tool for producing a pattern of highly accurate and optical quality surfaces and the method of making same from a series of bi-metallic pins. A high strength metal pin is coupled to a slug of metal of lesser strength capable of being accurately scribed. The supporting pin blank preferably is magnetic stainless steel and the slug is of copper. A group of such bi-metallic pins then is placed in an appropriate fixture after which an optical configuration, such as the three faces of a cube-corner element, are scribed into the copper ends. A completed tool may then be electroformed to produce an electroformed tool from an array of like or different pins, arranged in various patterns.

Abstract: A splice connector for high voltage cables is modified to provide a shield break placed either in the housing or in an adaptor sleeve of the connector and in such a manner as to preserve essentially the overall configuration and dimensions of the housing and adaptor sleeve and locate the shield break in a region of relatively low electrical stress, while providing an unbroken shield over the connection between the cables.

Abstract: A tool for use by an operator in the field in attaching and securing a bushing assembly within an electrical connector and subsequently connecting or disconnecting the electrical connector and a terminal of an electrical apparatus to establish a connection from a remote location through the use of an insulated implement, such as a hot-stick. The tool includes an operating member with a wrenching configuration for engaging a complementary wrenching arrangement in the bushing assembly, a wrenching portion for direct wrenching of the operating member and a torque responsive device through which the insulated implement is coupled to the operating member to enable rotation of the insulated implement relative to the operating member upon exceeding a predetermined torque indicative of the appropriate seating of the electrical connector upon the terminal so that such relative rotation serves as an indication to the operator that the connection is complete.

Abstract: An attachment arrangement is carried by a bushing assembly of a high voltage electrical distribution system and facilitates attachment and securing of the bushing assembly to an electrical connector and subsequent attachment and securing of the electrical connector to a terminal of an electrical apparatus, the attachment arrangement including sequentially operated threaded elements having minimum torque responsive devices for assuring that the sequence of operation of the threaded elements will secure the bushing appropriately to the electrical connector and then will secure the electrical connector to the terminal.