Abstract: A system for identifying the origin of a plastic bag made from web stock on a machine having a plurality of bag making stations wherein each station has a vacuum port for holding the web stock to the station during the bag making operation and each vacuum port has an identifying characteristic which is impressed in the web stock to identify the work station.

Abstract: Antifreeze composition and composition concentrate containing at least one organophosphate in buffer/alcohol, together with method of using the composition and composition concentrate.

Abstract: Oil-in-alcohol microemulsions stabilized by at least one emulsifier and useful as lubricating fluids, and the like.

Abstract: Multi-phase paste and liquid polish compositions having improved gloss life and water resistance durability are obtained by providing an oil external emulsion phase containing aminofunctional polysiloxane, and a water external emulsion phase containing dimethyl polysiloxane. The oil external emulsion phase and the water external emulsion phase are packaged in the same container or in separate containers in a manner as to keep each phase separate from the other phase until the polish compositions are applied to a surface to be polished. The method of preparing and packaging the multi-phase polish compositions is also disclosed.

Abstract: A vapor-liquid contacting tray wherein a perforated portion of the tray member forms an active surface area for vapor-liquid contact in the interior of the tray member. The active surface area portion of the tray member is circumscribed by an imperforate peripheral portion of the tray member with a width of from 0.05 to 0.35 times the radius of the tray. The disclosed tray provides upwardly directed laminar jetting of liquid over the tray perforation openings for high selectivity vapor-liquid contacting and has particular utility in the absorption of hydrogen sulfide from a gas mixture containing hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A process for selectively absorbing H.sub.2 S from gas mixtures which contain CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 S in a molar ratio of 4:1 or greater and in which the gas flow rate varies substantially. Alkali metal carbonate solutions are used with absorption under pressure and at an elevated temperature and desorption by steam stripping at about atmospheric pressure. The degree of selectivity of H.sub.2 S removal is maintained constant despite substantial variations in the gas flow rate by maintaining a constant stripping steam/gas ratio selected to provide the desired partial pressure of H.sub.2 S in the purified gas and by adjusting the solution/gas ratio to a value in the vicinity of that at which the partial pressure of H.sub.2 S in the purified gas remains at said selected value while the difference between the partial pressures of CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 S in the purified gas reaches a maximum value, and by then maintaining such solution/gas ratio as the gas flow rate varies.

Abstract: A vapor-liquid contacting tray wherein a perforated portion of the tray member forms an active surface area for vapor-liquid contact in the interior of the tray member. The active surface area portion of the tray member is circumscribed by an imperforate peripheral portion of the tray member with a width of from 0.05 to 0.35 times the radius of the tray. The disclosed tray provides upwardly directed laminar jetting of liquid over the tray perforation openings for high selectivity vapor-liquid contacting and has particular utility in the absorption of hydrogen sulfide from a gas mixture containing hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide.

Abstract: An improvement to a continuous solvent extraction-steam-distillation process for the recovery of aromatic hydrocarbons in the range of C.sub.6 -C.sub.16 from a feed stream containing such aromatics and aliphatic hydrocarbons in the range of C.sub.5 -C.sub.16 which resides in using two extractive distillation zones thermally linked to recover heat and solvent, thereby resulting in a heat savings.

Abstract: A liquid-liquid contacting tray comprising a perforated deck providing a major portion of the tray surface area and continuous phase liquid transfer means comprising a settling section extending outwardly from the tray deck on one side of the tray and joined in closed flow communication with a smaller cross-sectioned pressure drop section extending outwardly from the tray deck on the other side of the tray to provide a sudden contraction in cross-sectional area from the settling section to said pressure drop section substantially in the plane of the perforated deck for reduction of pressure in the liquid flowed therethrough.

Abstract: A method for producing a porous boiling surface with exceptional adhesion qualities and mechanical strength while at the same time maintaining the high degree of open cell porosity required for effective boiling heat transfer wherein a bond coating of pure aluminum is produced using a thermospray gun to melt an aluminum wire and impinge the molten aluminum particles against the metallic substrate in an inert gas stream projected from the gun nozzle located between 2 and 4 inches from the substrate. The bond coating has a porosity of less than 15 percent and a thickness not greater than 4 mils. The nozzle to substrate distance is then increased to 4 to 10 inches and a top coating of pure aluminum is formed having a porosity greater than 18 percent and a thickness of at least four times the thickness of the bond coating.

Abstract: A process for virtually complete isomerization of the normal paraffin hydrocarbons contained in a feed stream consisting essentially of mixed normal and non-normal hydrocarbons, wherein the feedstock is first passed through an isomerization reactor and the hydrocarbons in the effluent from the reactor are passed through an adsorption section wherein the normals are adsorbed and the non-normals passed out of the system as an isomerate product. The fresh feed is controllably flow blended with the variable desorption effluent from the adsorber beds containing desorption normals and hydrogen purge gas in order to provide a constant flow of combined feed to the isomerization reactor.

Abstract: Method of decoking furnace tubes of serpentine configuration using a turbulent stream of impact resistant, non-angular, non-abrasive particles entrained in a gas stream. The particles are entrained at a concentration of 0.1 to 1.0 pounds per pound of gas and the gas is introduced into the inlet end of the furnace tubes at a gas flow rate corresponding to an outlet gas velocity of 14,000 to 20,000 feet per minute.

Abstract: Method for scrubbing SO.sub.2 from effluent gases using aqueous monoethanolamine and the corresponding sulfite as the solvent. The method is especially useful where the effluent gases contain an abundance of CO.sub.2 relative to SO.sub.2.

Abstract: A continuous process for acid gas removal from process gas streams by contact with an aqueous alkanolamine solution such as MEA wherein the temperature of the MEA solution is controlled by placing an intercooler at the lower end of the absorption column such that the temperature of the down-coming MEA solution is cooled to allow increased mole loading of acid gas in the solution, but is not so cooled that the mass transfer rate of the acid gas from the process gas to the MEA solution is slowed to an unacceptable level. The lower temperature highly loaded MEA solution is then passed to a heat exchanger-flash-heat exchanger arrangement where the temperature is increased to provide satisfactory flash efficiency and then heated again prior to introduction into the stripper to reduce the sensible heat duty in the stripper.

Abstract: Wear and corrosion resistant coatings are obtained using the plasma or d-gun techniques and applying a coating material consisting of carbides and nickel-containing base alloy having 6-18 wt.% boron.

Abstract: Improvement in processes for the selective removal of sulfur dioxide with respect to carbon dioxide from a gas mixture containing same wherein the gas mixture is contacted with an aqueous absorbent solution, such as alkanolamine, alkali metal hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide or sulfites thereof, to remove sulfur dioxide from the gas mixture and form a SO.sub.2 -rich aqueous absorbent solution which is moved to a stripping zone where sulfur dioxide is driven off to form a SO.sub.2 -depleted aqueous absorbent solution which is recycled and re-contacted with the gas mixture, the improvement comprising removing sulfur oxyanions of heat stable salts which accumulate in the aqueous absorbent solution by contacting a portion of it with an anion exchange resin having hydroxyl anions displaceable by the heat stable sulfur oxyanions whereby the hydroxyl anions of the resin are replaced by the heat stable divalent sulfur oxyanions which are thus taken out of the solution.

Abstract: A coating composition for producing high temperature, wear-resistant coatings on a metallic substrate, such as a nickel, cobalt, or iron base alloy, consisting of a cobalt base alloy with chromium, tantalum and carbon additions thereto. The basic composition may also contain one or more of aluminum, yttrium or the rare earth metals, silicon, manganese, or a dispersion of a metal oxide, such as alumina (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3).

Abstract: Improvement in processes for the selective removal of sulfur dioxide with respect to carbon dioxide from a gas mixture containing same wherein the gas mixture is contacted with an aqueous absorbent solution, such as an alkanolamine, an alkali metal or ammonium hydroxide, or sulfites thereof, to remove sulfur dioxide from the gas mixture and form a SO.sub.2 -rich aqueous absorbent solution which is moved to a stripping zone where sulfur dioxide is driven off to form a SO.sub.2 -depleted aqueous absorbent solution which is recycled and re-contacted with the gas mixture, the improvement comprising removing sulfur oxyanions of heat stable salts which accumulate in the aqueous absorbent solution by contacting it with an anion exchange resin having bisulfite anions displaceable by the heat stable sulfur oxyanions whereby the bisulfite anions of the resin are replaced by the heat stable divalent sulfur oxyanions which are thus taken out of the solution.

Abstract: Process for the recovery of sulfur from gas streams containing hydrogen sulfide comprising the steps of reacting a portion of the hydrogen sulfide with sulfur dioxide in a Claus reaction to form sulfur, removing the sulfur, incinerating the residual hydrogen sulfide in the resulting gas stream to sulfur dioxide, absorbing the sulfur dioxide in the incinerated gas stream in an aqueous absorbent solution, stripping the sulfur dioxide from the aqueous absorbent solution, recycling the stripped sulfur dioxide for reaction with succeeding portions of hydrogen sulfide in the incoming gas stream, re-contacting the stripped aqueous absorbent solution with succeeding portions of the incinerated gas stream to absorb additional sulfur dioxide, regenerating a portion of the aqueous absorbent solution to remove heat stable sulfur oxyanions therefrom by contacting said solution with an anion exchange resin and re-contacting the regenerated aqueous absorbent solution with said incinerated gas stream to absorb additional sul

Abstract: A duplex coating and method for making same wherein a primary layer of metals or metal alloys is deposited on a superalloy substrate to seal the substrate against oxidation. A second layer of low density oxide is deposited on the surface of the primary layer. The primary layer has a rough surface so as to provide an adherent surface for the oxide layer.