Abstract: Additivated gas for oxy-cutting and/or heating applications, having a low cost of production and high cutting and heating velocities wherein the additivated gas is obtained by the additivation of propylene with a chemical product having the basic constituents selected from the group consisting of aromatic compounds, paraffins and naphthenic compounds.

Abstract: Concentrated black liquor formed in a kraft pulp mill process is treated to effect exothermal oxidation of black liquor solids, so as to heat the concentrated black liquor and consume a proportion of the black liquor solids. Such procedure eliminates the need to use steam to preheat black liquor and decreases the overall heating value of the concentrated black liquor, allowing an increased black liquor recovery boiler capacity to be achieved.

Abstract: A small system for efficiently producing low flow rates of a nitrogen or nitrogen/hydrogen stream from an initial feed which also contains oxygen, employing a defined catalytic reactor unit producing product at very high space velocities.

Abstract: A process for extracting a component from liquids using dense phase gases or supercritical fluids (dense phase solvent). The process contacts a liquid and the dense phase solvent in a rotating mixer to dissolve a desired fraction into the dense phase solvent to form a loaded solvent. Furthermore, the mixer separates the loaded solvent from the remaining raffinate. Then the rotating mixer discharges the loaded solvent and raffinate. Decreasing pressure on the loaded solvent converts the loaded solvent into a gas and the desired fraction to liberate the desired fraction from the gas.

Abstract: The device forms snow from pressurized carbon dioxide fluids. A supply conduit delivers a flow of pressurized fluid. An expansion member attached to the supply conduit contains a plurality of channels for reducing pressure on the fluid and converting the fluid with reduced pressure into a mixed-phase stream of gas and fine snow particles. The channels have an average diameter and an average length of at least twice its average diameter. An agglomeration chamber attached to the plurality of channels agglomerates the fine snow particles by contacting the fine snow particles together.

Abstract: A system for producing directly reduced iron integrated with a turbine power generator and preferably a cryogenic air separation plant wherein off-gas from the direct reduction drives the turbine and preferably oxygen from the air separation plant is used to generate synthesis gas for the direct reduction and nitrogen from the air separation plant dampens NOx generation and augments power generation in the turbine.

Abstract: A nozzle assembly, a burner and a method for producing a wide combustion flame are provided. The burner has a plurality of refractory nozzles, each having a minimum wall thickness of from about 0.25 to about 0.33 of the minimum nozzle dimension. Each nozzle has a plurality of orifices to enable the gas to be projected in a parallel plane with the gas projected in a plane from the other nozzle.

Abstract: A system for producing direct reduced iron wherein iron oxide material and carbonaceous material is passed successively through an oxidizing zone and a reducing zone of a furnace, each zone fired by oxy-fuel combustion, enabling a reduction in the amount of fuel needed to process the material while generating sufficient carbon monoxide to effect the reduction and ensuring that little or no carbon monoxide is emitted from the furnace.

Abstract: A furnace is provided having at least two regenerator beds for heat recovery. While a first bed is being heated by hot flue gases produced by combusting a fuel and an oxidant in the furnace, a second bed, heated during a previous cycle, is cooled through carrying out an endothermic chemical reaction therein, for example the reforming reaction of a hydrocarbon with water vapor and carbon dioxide and/or the dissociation of a hydrocarbon. Once the second bed is cooled by the endothermic reaction, the hot flue gases are redirected to it while the first bed, now hot, is used for carrying out the endothermic chemical reaction. Thereafter the cycle is repeated.

Abstract: A shielding gas mixture for gas-metal arc welding of austenitic stainless steel is provided in which the gas mixture comprises from about 2 to about 5% carbon dioxide, from about 1 to about 4% nitrogen, and the balance being argon. Also, a process for welding austenitic stainless steel is provided by forming an electric arc between a nonconsumable electrode and the workpiece and in which the gas mixture is used.

Abstract: A method for adjusting the alkalinity of a pulp slurry in a broke pulper, and more particularly, to adjusting the pH of the pulp slurry using carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for producing substantially pure carbon dioxide from a carbon dioxide feed containing from about 80% to about 95% volume of carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A process for extracting a component from liquids using dense phase gases or supercritical fluids (dense phase solvent). The process contacts a liquid and the dense phase solvent in a rotating mixer to dissolve a desired fraction into the dense phase solvent to form a loaded solvent. Furthermore, the mixer separates the loaded solvent from the remaining raffinate. Then the rotating mixer discharges the loaded solvent and raffinate. Decreasing pressure on the loaded solvent converts the loaded solvent into a gas and the desired fraction to liberate the desired fraction from the gas.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided herein to produce solid CO.sub.2 from liquid CO.sub.2 wherein the solid CO.sub.2 may be adjusted for level of agglomeration and can be continuously delivered through a snow horn in a horizontal or substantially horizontal orientation. The invention finds particular use in confined spaces such as between a freezer infeed conveyor and the freezer conveyor.

Abstract: Curable composition comprising a stable, water dispersible, curable polymer containing a sterically hindered alkoxylated silane group at 0.1 to 75 weight percent of the total composition; a water dispersible or water soluble, hydrolytically stable organometallic catalyst, at 0.1 to 10 weight percent of the total composition; and water at 99.8 to 24.9 weight percent of the total composition are taught herein. These compositions are useful as adhesives, sealants and paints. The compositions have improved properties including solvent resistance, adhesion, hardness, abrasion resistance and mar resistance.Particular catalysts for use herein include dihydroxy bis [2-hydroxypropanato (2-)-O.sup.1,O.sup.2 ] titanate, mixed titanium ortho ester complexes, acetylacetonate chelate, bis(ethyl-3-oxobutanolato-O.sup.1,O.sup.3) bis(2-propanolato) titanium, alkanolamine complex of titanium and mercaptoalcohol, mercaptide or sulfide forms of diorganotins having either a Sn--S or Sn.dbd.S bond.

Abstract: Linear alkylsilicone compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein x=0 to 20, preferably 0 to 10, most preferably 0 to 1; y=1 to 10, preferably 1 to 5, most preferably 1; and R is an alkyl or alkyl ester group containing 6 to 16 carbons, or cyclic alkylsilicone compounds of the formula ##STR2## where m is 0 to 4, preferably 0 to 2, most preferably 0, and n is 1 to 5, preferably 3 to 5, most preferably 4, provided that m+n=3 to 5,are adjuvants for agricultural applications of oil-containing compositions. Especially preferred alkylsilicone compounds have a degree of polymerization of .ltoreq.6 and an alkyl content of .ltoreq.50% by weight. The compounds potentiate spreading of mineral or vegetable oils or oil-containing emulsions in dormant spray oils, crop oil concentrates, pesticides, and the like on difficult-to wet surfaces such as waxy leaf cuticles and arthropod exoskeletons.

Abstract: This invention provides skin care compositions which include an emollient complex containing a primary moisturizing agent selected from certain carboxylic acid amides and a mucopolysaccharide secondary moisturizing agent. The compositions also include one or more skin-structuring proteins and an astringent agent which confers skin-firming characteristics. Long lasting protection is afforded by the optional incorporation of a cellulosic film-former. Preferred embodiments take the form of two discrete gel phases.

Abstract: A composition absent animal, vegetable and mineral oils, which composition has an oil and water emulsion which includes a volatile oil-like material which evaporates while on a wearer after a period of time. The emulsion also includes basically deionized water and emulsifiers. Further, the composition includes additives such as stabilizers, oil absorbers, modifiers, dispersants, humectants and preservatives. The composition can be changed to be a make-up, therapeutic or enhanced moisture lotion composition.

Abstract: Feed material, such as matte, containing nickel and copper values and sulfur, is leached with an acidic copper sulfate solution to dissolve nickel, cobalt and other metal values and to cement copper from solution. The leach residue is roasted, and a selected quantity of copper is leached from the resulting calcine with sulfuric acid to form a copper sulfate electrolyte. The rest of the calcine is smelted to form copper-nickel anodes which are electrorefined in the copper sulfate electrolyte, thereby producing a cathodic copper deposit and a nickel-enriched, copper sulfate electrolyte which is recycled for leaching additional feed material.