Abstract: The present invention provides for a process and associated apparatus for limiting the vertical mixing of catalyst in a fluidized catalyst regenerator so that spent catalyst entering the regenerator will remain at the top of the fluidized bed for a longer period of time. This is accomplished by employing a generally horizontally placed baffle device located between 2 ft.-4 ft. below the catalyst bed level in the regenerator.

Abstract: A method for making monocarboxylic acids and esters comprising contacting carbon monoxide and a monohydric alcohol containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the presence of a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite having a silica to alumina ratio at least about 6 and a constraint index within the approximate range of 1 to 12 under a pressure of at least one atmosphere. Also coproduced are hydrocarbons, particularly ethylene and "gasoline".

Abstract: Aqueous vinyl ester/acrylate copolymer emulsions possessing enhanced wet pick strength in paper coating compositions comprise a vinyl ester/acrylate copolymer colloidally dispersed in an aqueous medium, the copolymer consisting essentially of (a) a vinyl ester of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkanoic acid, (b) 2 to 50 wt % of an alkyl acrylate, and (c) 0.1 to 10 wt % of an ethylenically unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acid or half ester thereof. The copolymer is prepared by an aqueous emulsion polymerization process comprising the use of a stabilizer system consisting essentially of an alkylphenoxy polyethoxy ethanol and an anionic surfactant and, in the preferred embodiment, the use of a seeding procedure.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a process for producing 2,6 dinitroaniline derivates which are suited as intermediates for herbicides. The process involves the formation of a 1,2,6-trinitro-aromatic isomer and the subsequent nucleophilic displacement of the 1-nitrosubstituent with an amine. The reaction products can easily be separated from other organics by forming an amine salt and extracting with water.

Abstract: Enhanced thermal contact between axially aligned heat stations on a refrigerator and axially aligned heat stations on a device to be cooled wherein at least one of said heat stations on said device being cooled is allowed to move or float axially relative to the other heat station on said device being cooled to accommodate thermal contraction.

Abstract: Maximum aluminum X-type zeolite, useful as a water softening detergent builder, is produced by a relatively short term reaction at controlled temperature (on the order of 45.degree.-75.degree. C.) in a caustic meta kaolin reactant mixture.

Abstract: High yields of desired distillate oil are obtained by subjecting heavy oil to catalytic conversion with hydrogen at superatmospheric pressure in a temperature staged process, wherein the oil-catalyst slurry is subjected in the initial stage to a temperature in the range of 780.degree.-825.degree. F. (415.degree.-440.degree. C.) and in a subsequent stage to a temperature which is at least 20.degree. F. higher than that employed in the previous stage, preferably in the range of 800.degree.-860.degree. F. (.about.425.degree.-460.degree. C.).

Abstract: A catalyst is described for the synthesis of hydrocarbons from CO+H.sub.2 utilizing a porous Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 support impregnated with iron and copper and optionally promoted with an alkali metal. The use of an Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 support results in the suppression of heavy waxes (C.sub.26 + hydrocarbons), particularly in slurry phase operation, when compared to unsupported or co-precipitated catalysts.

Abstract: A vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer binder emulsion prepared by the copolymerization of vinyl acetate and ethylene in the presence of a polyvinyl alcohol which is 50 to 99 mole % hydrolyzed and has a 100 to 375 degree of polymerization such that it demonstrates a viscosity of about 2.4 to 4 as a 4% aqueous solution at 20.degree. C. Nonwoven fabrics bond with such copolymers possess surprisingly improved softness while maintaining toughness.

Abstract: A process for preparing predominantly noncyclic polyalkylene polyamine compounds is disclosed wherein an alkanolamine compound and an alkyleneamine compound in a molar ratio of alkanolamine compound:alkyleneamine compound of 1:5 to 3:1, preferably less than 1, is reacted in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a Group IIA or Group IIIB metal acid phosphate at a temperature from about 200.degree. to 400.degree. C. under a pressure sufficient to maintain the reaction mixture substantially in liquid phase.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for removing trinitrocresols and picric acid contaminants from a wastewater stream generated in the production of nitroaromatics, particularly dinitrotoluene, by the mixed acid technique. The process involves contacting the crude dinitrotoluene generated by the mixed acid technique with an alkaline medium to generate an alkaline wash water containing water soluble nitrocresols and picric acid therein. This wastewater then, is separated from the organic component or may be recycled for contact with further quantities of crude dinitrotoluene product from the reactor. When the concentration of the water soluble salts of trinitrocresols and picric acid is of sufficient concentration, the wash water is treated with aqueous acid in sufficient proportion to reduce the pH to a level from 3-4.

Abstract: A process is described for separating a carbonaceous off-gas in a low temperature distillative separation to produce a fuel gas stream, a carbon dioxide-sulfur stream and a heavy hydrocarbon stream wherein the carbon dioxide-sulfur stream is reduced in pressure to produce refrigeration to return a portion of the fuel gas stream as reflux to the distillation, and the fuel gas stream, now at relatively higher pressure than the carbon dioxide-sulfur stream, is passed over a semi-permeable membrane selective to carbon dioxide to separate carbon dioxide from the fuel gas to combine the permeate carbon dioxide with the carbon dioxide-sulfur stream.

Abstract: Maximum Aluminum X-type zeolite is prepared in the form of essentially binderless aggregates. In the optimal case, the composition possesses the maximum theoretical zeolite cation content in a wide-pored zeolite as a solid, massive body.

Abstract: The computer based remote tank telemetry system uses a method for updating a prior collected average level of substance in a tank. It continuously determines values of differential pressure within the tank and in accordance with the values of differential pressure determines the instantaneous level of substance within the tank. A prior collected average level is stored and is compared with each of the instantaneous values of level thus obtained. On the basis of this comparison a relative weighing factor is determined which weighs the relative contribution of the collected and instantaneous values in determining a new collected value. The new collected average is compared against a predetermined setpoint to determine whether the level of substance in the tank is too low. The results of this comparison can be displayed locally, and using a modem, communicated to a remote display. The method for determining the relative weighing factor has three tiers.

Abstract: Oxygen is introduced through oxygen supply line (5) into an annular gallery (6) which it leaves at high velocity through annular channel (7). The outlet of the annular channel (7) is shaped so that, by virtue of the Coanda effect, the oxygen travels towards the downstream end of the burner (1) substantially parallel to the wall of the tubular body (2). Combustion gas from combustion chamber (13) is induced between support bars (4) into the tubular body (2) by the flow of oxygen and mixes with the oxygen and subsequently with natural gas introduced through fuel supply line (8). The mixture burns at the outlet (9) of the fuel supply line (8). The maximum temperature reached by the gas leaving the burner (1) is substantially lower than that which would be obtained by a conventional oxy-fuel flame. The burner may be used in radiant tubes.

Abstract: The present invention is a process and associated apparatus for obtaining energy from a fuel source having particles varying in size from fines to coarse. The fuel source is introduced into a passageway formed between an upper combustor and a lower combustor. A gas stream is moved upwardly through the passageway such that the fine particles are entrained in the gaseous stream and carried into the upper combustor.

Abstract: Aqueous vinyl ester copolymer emulsions possessing good dry pick and wet pick strengths in paper coating compositions comprise a vinyl ester copolymer colloidally dispersed in an aqueous medium, the copolymer consisting essentially of (a) a vinyl ester of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkanoic acid, (b) about 0.1 to 10 wt % of an ethylenically unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acid or half ester thereof, (c) about 0.05 to 10 wt % of a dicyclopentadienyl acrylate, and (d) 0-50 wt % of an alkyl acrylate.

Abstract: A method for operating a continuous rotary carburizing furnace is disclosed, wherein a carburizing mixture is introduced into the furnace retort without inerts while an inert gas is introduced into the shell of the furnace without carbon containing gases. The method effects an increase in productivity through an increased rate of carburization of work pieces with less carburization or sooting of the furnace apparatus.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for removing nitrocresols and picric acid contaminants from a wastewater stream generated in the production of nitroaromatics, particularly dinitrotoluene, by the mixed acid technique. The process involves contacting the crude dinitrotoluene generated by the mixed acid technique with an alkaline medium to generate an alkaline wash water containing water soluble nitrocresols and picric acid therein. This wastewater is separated from the organic component and recycled for contact with further quantities of crude dinitrotoluene product from the reactor. When the concentration of the water soluble salts of nitrocresols and picric acid is of sufficient concentration the wash water is treated with aqueous acid in sufficient proportion to convert the water soluble salts to water insoluble organics. After treatment with acid, the organic material is separated from the wastewater and the organics incinerated.

Abstract: Sulfuric acid esters of aminoalcohols are produced by reacting an amino alcohol with ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate under acidic conditions. A representative sulfuric acid ester of an aliphatic amino alcohol is aminoethyl hydrogen sulfate.