Abstract: A harmonic frequency suppressor is disclosed for microwave magnetrons having an output antenna probe member. A coaxial cylindrical member is disposed within the vacuum envelope to provide in combination with the antenna probe member a line filter for suppressing harmonic frequencies of the generated output signal frequency. The length of the coaxial member is dimensioned to suppress the desired harmonic frequency.

Abstract: A combined active phased antenna array for satellite solar power station systems includes a plurality of directly coupled microwave energy generators for conversion of the dc power generated by a system of solar energy conversion means to microwave energy. The microwave power is transmitted through space in a narrow beam for capture and rectification at the receiving point. The microwave energy generator devices embodied in the invention are of the crossed field amplifier type having a very high efficiency and extremely long life through the use of a cold cathode secondary emitting electron source. The microwave generated power is transmitted through slotted waveguide radiator arrays with the phase of the energy monitored and corrections are made by phase shifting devices where necessary.

Abstract: A crossed-field device having a plurality of slow wave energy propagating structures, each with an associated cathode, requires relatively low voltage for operation to provide a high power output. Electron beam current control is achieved by means of RF drive signals. Periodic permanent magnet focusing is utilized.

Abstract: A microwave oscillator is provided having electron emissive means and a first surrounding resonant structure. The first structure is fabricated of a material capable of emitting secondary electrons. A second resonant structure surrounds the secondary electron emitter and microwave energy is generated by the interaction between the electrons and currents induced in the structure. The high degree of isolation between the first oscillator section and the second amplifying section results in the generation of stable oscillations relatively free of effects of load variations.

Abstract: A microwave searing and browning plate is disclosed in a folding configuration for easy storage within a microwave oven apparatus. A shielding means is provided for storing the searing and browning means in the folded position as well as preventing the folded components from being responsive to the microwave energy radiated within the enclosure during a nonbroiling operation mode.

Abstract: Diamond heat sink members are now employed to conduct thermal energy from slow wave structures in traveling wave type interaction devices to permit operation at high power levels. The diamond members are bonded to adjacent desired components by a method including heating an intermediate metal alloy of an inactive conductive metal and a small amount of a carbide constituent in a vacuum and the application of pressure. A critical temperature slightly above the melting point of the alloy of between 1000.degree. C and 1100.degree. C is required to wet and bond the alloy material to the diamond and any desired surface.

Abstract: Apparatus for heating with microwave energy is disclosed comprising a plurality of spaced microwave elements in a flexible webbing adapted to fit the contour of any object to be cooked. The microwave elements, such as cups, have a height of substantially one-quarter of a wavelength. An intense fringing electric field pattern results with the electric field being 180.degree. out of phase in close proximity to the open ends of the elements. The material contacted by these ends will be suitably browned or seared. An impedance matching dielectric member may also be provided in contact with the apparatus.

Abstract: A microwave browning and searing utensil for microwave ovens is provided having a plurality of conductive metal members each folded in such a manner as to provide a continuous apex portion and two substantially equidistant adjacent legs spaced apart and defining two free ends. The legs are substantially one-quarter of a wavelength in height. The induced electric currents along the legs results in a total current excursion of one-half of a wavelength to establish a 180.degree. phase reversal plus and minus mode adjacent to the exposed ends. Planar microwaves radiated within an oven enclosure are converted by the array of conductive members to provide an intense fringing electric field 180.degree. out-of-phase in close proximity to the material being heated. The fringing electric fields decay exponentially a short distance away from the exposed ends.

Abstract: A utensil for heating circular elongated objects with microwave energy is disclosed for securing browning and searing of the exterior surfaces. A plurality of searing members of a curved tapered substantially V-shaped configuration encompass a portion of or all of the elongated object to be heated. The searing means are supported on a microwave transparent frame of a plastic material.

Abstract: A microwave browning plate utilizing members of a relatively low dielectric constant material is provided having a conductive coating on three sides with a load supported on the uncoated side. The induced currents in the conductive material provides for current induced in the dielectric material. An exponentially decreasing fringing electric field is provided as a standing wave adjacent to the uncoated side. A low dielectric constant material may be utilized with the conductive coating and an overall height of one-quarter of a wavelength will result in a thinner microwave plate. Means are provided for restricting the current flow to a desired mode.

Abstract: An electromagnetic energy dissipative load or attenuator is provided having a lossy section of waveguide transmission line of sufficient length to provide substantial loss and a transition section for adaption to other waveguide configurations. The transmission line is short circuited as a terminating load, and cooling means may be circulated adjacent to the waveguide for removal of the heat energy generated in the waveguide walls. A second transition section in place of the short circuit provides for a high power attenuator. The lossy waveguide section is coiled in either a flat spiral or concentric helical configuration. A fluid coolant may be circulated adjacent to or inside the lossy section coils.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for heating with microwave energy utilizing nonresonant means for converting and transforming free space plane waves within the oven enclosure into fringing electric field patterns to brown or sear the load surfaces similar to broiling. One embodiment comprises parallel abutting plates with alternate plates of a high dielectric constant material to provide a predetermined phase lag and with the intervening low dielectric constant sections to provide alternating fringing electric fields, illustratively, in the pi or any other desired mode pattern. Alternate embodiments include microwave strip transmission lines comprising conductive strips separated by a dielectric substrate to couple and convert the free space waves into the desired heating mode pattern. A load supporting shelf within the microwave oven may be readily adapted to include the alternating dielectric materials to provide the desired fringing electric field patterns.

Abstract: Solid state spaced-oriented means convert solar radiation into microwave energy which is amplified and beamed to earth as a source of electrical power. A large number of semiconductor devices operating in the current multiplication region are irradiated by single mode coherent light beam generation means which is pumped by solar energy. A neodymium yittrium aluminum iron garnet laser or CW gallium arsenide junction diode laser mode-locked at a predetermined microwave frequency, such as 3,000 MHz provide for generation of a light beam. The generated current is directly proportional to the radiant energy and is coupled from the semiconductor device array to antenna means for transmission to earth stations for conversion into low frequency electrical energy.

Abstract: A safety interlock system is disclosed for microwave ovens or other high voltage electrical apparatus incorporating sensor means for detecting any malfunction. Means are provided for interrupting line input power or actuating a failure indicating device or a combination of both. Thermally actuated means, such as bimetallic or meltable elements, as well as circuit breakers, relays and fuses are described. The sensor means are associated with each of the interlocks and do not carry regular equipment-load current until such time as a malfunction of the companion interlock occurs. Replacement of the faulty equipment by authorized personnel and manual resetting of the interrupt or indicating means before the oven is energized again reduce the risk of accidental radiation, electrical shock or damage to the apparatus.