Abstract: Air is flushed from containers by surrounding the container open tops with a layer of flushing gas and directing a high velocity jet of flushing gas downwardly through the layer into the open top containers.

Abstract: A composite battery plate grid and processes for making the same are disclosed. The novel grid is a composite of a flexible electrically non-conductive web material with a plurality of electrically conductive threads interlaced therein. The web material provides structural support for the grid while the electrically conductive threads form electrical connections for collecting current from an active material on the grid. The electrically conductive threads are incorporated within the web material as warp threads in one embodiment and as weft or filler threads in another. A third embodiment discloses the electrically conductive threads integrated as a pattern within the web material in a combination of the warp and weft directions.

Abstract: A packaging container having a pressure equalizing or venting valve which includes a valve seat, a pair of opposed faces and a valve opening therebetween. One of the faces is adapted to be secured to a wall of the packaging container surrounding an aperture which is located therein. A flexible valve diaphragm at least partially surrounds and substantially covers the valve opening on the other side of the faces and of the valve seat. A separation layer is secured to at least a portion of one of the faces of the valve seat and at least partially surrounds the valve opening. The separation layer is positioned between the other face and the flexible valve diaphragm to establish a pressure equalizing or venting passage extending from the valve opening through the flexible valve diaphragm.

Abstract: Apparatus for transversely sealing a wrapping tube includes opposed sealing tools movable in unison linearly along an operating path having a beginning and an end while sealing a wrapping tube. The tools return from the end of the operating path to the beginning thereof by moving along arcuate return paths. Crank mechanisms for so moving the tools include cam tracks and cooperating cam followers. The cam followers are urged against the cam tracks under the influence of centrifugal force during movement of the tools along the return paths.

Abstract: An improved take-up roll mechanism for strip matarial such as paper comprises a central tube on which the paper is wound, the tube having a longitudinal slot through its wall and clamping elements located within the tube which grip the strip material when the tube is expanded by its support hubs. A quick-release mechanism is also disclosed.

Abstract: Apparatus for pulling elongated workpieces and which apparatus includes a pair of reciprocating clamping devices disposed in a side-by-side relationship and movable in towing and return directions. Elongated rotatable drive shafts extending parallel to the pulling and return directions include helical pulling and return drive paths. Drive path followers on each clamping device switch between the pulling drive path and return drive path for reciprocating the clamping devices.

Abstract: Apparatus and method adapted for detecting the profile deflection condition in a wheel structure of the type comprised of a pneumatic tire mounted on a wheel rim and which deflection may be caused by tire under inflation or overloading. A sensing and actuating structure constructed from flexible material having high flex fatigue characteristics to include a body portion and a profile sensor is conveniently mounted to the drop center portion of the rim such that the profile sensor extends into the tire cavity so that it is positively engaged by the inside of the tire wall when tire profile deflection reaches an amount greater than a predetermined maximum amount due to overloading or under inflation, to thereby cause flexure in the profile sensor generally inwardly toward the rim. This flexure causes a piezoelectric device positioned adjacent the profile sensor to provide an electrical discharge.

Abstract: A multiple cutting plate for metal peeling machines in which a steel block of octagonal prismatic cross section is adapted to receive two spacedly arranged cutting blades, by means of brazing, with each blade forming a main and a secondary cutting edge and a chip deflecting step being provided on at least one main cutting edge.

Abstract: A durable catalytic structure capable of catalyzing the reduction of NO.sub.x gases found in the exhaust stream emanating from an internal combustion engine substantially without the generation of ammonia is provided which comprises a heat resistant metallic substrate having adhering to at least a part of the surface thereof a catalytic alloy of a nickel base material and copper with the weight ratio of the nickel base material to copper being at least equal to, but preferably greater than, about 9 to 1.

Abstract: The invention provides finely divided vulcanized rubber having a particle size of generally less than 20 microns for re-use in the rubber industry. Vulcanizates produced from compositions containing the finely divided vulcanized rubber, either as the sole rubber component or in admixture with unvulcanized rubber, have properties significantly better than those of vulcanizates of similar compositions containing conventional reclaimed rubbers. Vulcanized rubber is converted into the finely divided rubber by the steps of (1) contacting vulcanized rubber with a fatty acid, (2) contacting the product of step (1) with a solid alkali and (3) forming a dispersion of the product of step (2) with a liquid which dissolves the alkali but does not affect the rubber. Alternatively, the finely divided vulcanized rubber results from the steps of (1) contacting the vulcanized rubber with a liquid effective to swell the rubber and thereby weaken it e.g.

Abstract: Apparatus for folding an elongated flat paper web to a shape for use in binding one edge of a stack of blueprints or the like includes first and second folding devices positioned so that the paper web moves through the first folding device in one direction and through the second folding device in an opposite direction. The folding devices include cooperating channels, at least one of which is twisted approximately 180.degree. and folded over in order to change the cross-sectional shape of the passage through the folding device between its entrance and exit ends for imparting desired longitudinal folds to the flat paper web.

Abstract: A system for reducing NO.sub.x gases found in the exhaust stream of the internal combustion engine is provided which includes an internal combustion engine having associated therewith a means for supplying fuel and oxygen to the engine, a manifold system for directing or channeling the exhaust gases from the engine, and a NO.sub.x reducing catalyst assembly communicating with the manifold which includes a housing having a NO.sub.x reducing catalytic structure of apertured thin metal foil positioned therein which comprises a durable, chromium containing corrosion resistant cobalt base substrate having metallurgically bonded thereto, on at least one surface, an effective amount of a NO.sub.x reducing catalyst selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel, cobalt, copper, manganese and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A cutting tool for machining the outer surfaces of elongated workpieces such as wire, rod or pipe has main and secondary cutting edges intersecting one another at an included obtuse angle and the secondary cutting edge is substantially longer than the main cutting edge.

Abstract: A system for reducing NO.sub.x gases found in the exhaust stream of the internal combustion engine is provided which includes an internal combustion engine having associated therewith a means for supplying fuel and oxygen to the engine, a manifold system for directing or channeling the exhaust gases from the engine, and a NO.sub.x reducing catalyst assembly communicating with the manifold which includes a housing having a NO.sub.x reducing catalytic structure of apertured thin metal foil positioned therein. In addition, an article composed of a catalytic material for reducing the oxides of nitrogen in exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine is also provided. The article includes a self-supporting catalytic structure in the form of an apertured, thin metal foil having a ratio of low mass to high surface area. In its preferred form, the foil is an expanded metal foil and is formed by tightly winding the foil into a plural layer helical coil.

Abstract: A system for reducing NO.sub.x gases found in the exhaust stream of the internal combustion engine is provided which includes an internal combustion engine having associated therewith a means for supplying fuel and oxygen to the engine, a manifold system for directing or channeling the exhaust gases from the engine, and a NO.sub.x reducing catalyst assembly communicating with the manifold which includes a housing having a NO.sub.x reducing catalytic structure of apertured thin metal foil positioned therein which comprises a durable, chromium containing corrosion resistant nickel base substrate having metallurgically bonded thereto, on at least one surface, an effective amount of a NO.sub.x reducing catalyst selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel, cobalt, copper, manganese and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Elongated workpieces held against rotation at the entrance side of peeling tools are peeled at a substantially constant predetermined rate from the leading ends toward the trailing ends thereof until the trailing ends are adjacent the holding device. The remainder of the workpieces to the trailing ends thereof are then peeled at a slower rate than the predetermined rate.

Abstract: Apparatus and method particularly adapted for detecting over and/or under inflated conditions in a wheel structure of the type comprised of a pneumatic tire mounted on a wheel rim. A generator unit is mounted to the wheel generally coaxial of the axis of wheel rotation and is constructed such that the generator rotor is operably journalled within the generator stator in a manner facilitating rotation of the rotor independently of the remainder of the generator unit and wheel itself. One side of the rotor is weighted so that as the wheel and generator unit are rotated, the rotor disposition remains generally stationary due to the influence of gravity forces on the weighted area. The relative rotation thus achieved between stator and rotor causes a voltage to be induced in the stator field winding which is utilized to energize a small radio transmitter mounted on the wheel with the generator unit.

Abstract: A sleeve bearing of the halfshell type wherein an oil film is disposed between the bearing and journaled member during operation and which bearing improves bearing fatigue resistance. The thickness of one of the halfshells is increased to thereby reduce the radius of curvature thereof and the thickness of the other halfshell is reduced by an equal amount to thereby increase the radius of curvature thereof. The halfshells are disposed so as to closely surround a journaled member in a manner such that the higher loads generated during bearing cycling are carried by the halfshell having the greater thickness. This structure acts to reduce destructive oil film pressures developed between the bearing and journaled member during that period of bearing cycling when elevated loads are experienced.

Abstract: A mixture of metals composed predominantly of aluminum and the balance bearing phase materials are heated to a molten state, ejected through an orifice and atomized by impinging a stream of cold water against the molten metal to effect a rapid drop in temperature as well as solidifcation. A layer of the resulting pre-alloyed particles are roll compacted simultaneously with a sacrificial surface layer and a bottom bonding layer, both being composed of aluminum base particulate materials. The bottom layer is devoid of bearing phase materials. The tri-layer strip is sintered, roll clad onto a backing member and post-annealed, blanked and formed into a bearing which is bored to remove the sacrificial layer.

Abstract: The invention provides finely divided vulcanized rubber having a particle size of generally less than 20 microns for re-use in the rubber industry. Vulcanizates produced from compositions containing the finely divided vulcanized rubber, either as the sole rubber component or in admixture with unvulcanized rubber, have properties significantly better than those of vulcanizates of similar compositions containing conventional reclaimed rubbers. Vulcanized rubber is converted into the finely divided rubber by the steps of (1) contacting vulcanized rubber with a fatty acid, (2) contacting the product of step (1) with a solid alkali and (3) forming a dispersion of the product of step (2) with a liquid which dissolves the alkali but does not affect the rubber. Alternatively, the finely divided vulcanized rubber results from the steps of (1) contacting the vulcanized rubber with a liquid effective to swell the rubber and thereby weaken it e.g.