Abstract: The present invention is directed to a Fluid Catalytic Cracking process conducted under fluid catalytic cracking conditions by injecting into at least one reaction zone of a fluid catalytic cracking unit (FCCU) having one or more risers, a plurality of feeds wherein said plurality of feeds comprises at least one feed (.alpha.) and at least another feed (.beta.) wherein said feeds (.alpha.) and (.beta.) (a) differ in Conradson Carbon Residue by at least about 2 wt % points; or (b) differ in hydrogen content by at least about 0.2 wt %; or (c) differ in API gravities by at least about 2 points; or (d) differ in nitrogen content by at least about 50 ppm; or (e) differ in carbon-to-hydrogen ratio by at least about 0.3; or (f) differ in mean boiling point by at least about 200.degree. F; and wherein said feeds (.alpha.) and (.beta.) are alternately injected and wherein said alternate injection maintains said risers in a cyclic steady state, while the rest of the FCC unit is in a steady state.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for selectively removing detrital material from boro-aluminosilicate selected from EUO, NES and intergrown mixtures of EUO and NES boro-aluminosilicate topology zeolites having a Si/M ratio of greater than about 40, comprising treating said boro-aluminosilicate with a base for a time and at a temperature sufficient to remove said detrital material from said boro-aluminosilicate wherein the concentration of said base is less than about 0.5 normal. Base concentrations in excess of this level may cause the removal of framework components leading to subsequent structural degradation.

Abstract: The invention relates to Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) for producing liquid fuels and light olefins from liquid hydrocarbon mixtures such as petroleum fractions.

Abstract: The density of hydroxyl groups present on the surface of glass, such as E-glass fibers, is increased by subjecting the surface to a radio frequency induced gas plasma containing water vapor. Surfaces so treated exhibit enhanced adsorption of hydrolyzed organo silane coupling agents applied to improve adhesion between glass fibers and resin matrices in the manufacture of reinforced composites.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed a process for extracting organic acids from a starting crude oil comprising the steps of: (a) treating the starting crude oil containing naphthenic acids with an amount of an alkoxylated amine and water under conditions and for a time and at a temperature sufficient to form a water-in-oil emulsion of amine salt wherein said alkoxylated amine is selected from the group consisting of alkoxylated amines having the following formulae (A) and (B): ##STR1## where m+n=5 to 50 and R=linear or branched alkyl group of C.sub.8 to C.sub.20.(B) H-(OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.y -(CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.3 O).sub.p -{NHCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH}.sub.x -(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.z -(CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.3 O).sub.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to an integrated process for producing a hydroisomerate in the presence of sulfur comprising the steps of (a) separating a natural gas into a first stream comprising a C.sub.5 + gas field condensate containing sulfur and a second stream comprising said natural gas having said a C.sub.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for determining the halogen toxicity level in a sample containing halogenated compounds, specifically halogen containing rubbers by utilizing thermal electrons formed inside a mass spectrometer operated at negative ion electron capture conditions. The method allows for detection of the toxic species from the parts per million level, down to the parts per billion levels.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a method for recovering surface active amines from an emulsion comprising the salt of the amine comprising (a) contacting an emulsion layer or phase containing surface active amine salt with an acid selected from the group comprising mineral acids and carbon dioxide in an amount sufficient and under conditions to produce an amine salt of said mineral acid or an amine bicarbonate, wherein said surface active amine salt is produced via emulsion fractionation with said surface active amine (b) separating an upper layer and a lower aqueous layer; (c) adding, to the lower aqueous layer, an inorganic base if step (a) utilizes a mineral acid, or heating at a temperature and for a time sufficient if step (a) utilizes carbon dioxide, to raise the pH of the aqueous layer to greater than or equal to 8; (d) blowing gas through said aqueous layer to produce a foam containing said surface active amine; (e) recovering said foam containing said surface active amine.

Abstract: In an atmospheric pipestill stripping process where steam is utilized as the stripping gas to strip bottoms and side stream products, the improvement comprising utilizing methanol or a methanol and steam mixture as said stripping gas. In a refinery atmospheric pipestill stripping process utilizing a stripping gas, said process comprising utilizing a gas selected from the group consisting of methanol and a mixture of methanol and steam as said stripping gas.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a method for producing a lubricating base stock having a preselected oxidative stability comprising the steps of: (a) separating, into a plurality of fractions based on molecular shape, a hydroisomerized hydrocarbon wax, (b) collecting the fractions of step (a) which have the preselected oxidative stability for use as a lubricating base stock, wherein the fractions to be collected are determined by measuring the oxidative stability of each of said fractions of said plurality of fractions to determine which fractions have said preselected oxidative stability. The invention is also directed to an improved lubricating base oil and a formulated lubricating composition using said lubricating base oil.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for extracting organic acids including naphthenic acids, heavy metals, and sulfur from a starting crude oil comprising the steps of:(a) treating the starting crude oil containing organic acids, heavy metals, and sulfur with an amount of an ethoxylated amine and water under conditions and for a time and at a temperature sufficient to form a water-in-oil emulsion of amine salt wherein said ethoxylated amine has the following formula: ##STR1## where m=1 to 10 and R=C.sub.3 to C.sub.6 hydrocarbon; (b) separating said emulsion of step (a) into a plurality of layers, wherein one of such layers contains a treated crude oil having decreased amounts of organic acids, heavy metals and sulfur;(c) recovering said layer of step (b) containing said treated crude oil having decreased amounts of organic acids, heavy metal and sulfur and layers containing water and ethoxylated amine salt.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for removing hard sulfurs from hydrocarbon streams by selectively oxidizing hard sulfurs in a hydrotreated stream, under oxidizing conditions in the presence of an effective amount of an oxidizing agent, wherein the oxidizing agent is a peroxometal complex and wherein the hard sulfurs are oxidized into the corresponding sulfoxides and sulfones.

Abstract: In an atmospheric pipestill stripping process where steam is utilized as the stripping gas to strip bottoms and side stream products, the improvement comprising utilizing ammonia or a ammonia and steam mixture as said stripping gas wherein when an ammonia and steam mixture is utilized the ratio of ammonia to steam is about 0.1:1 to about 100:1. In a refinery atmospheric pipestill stripping process utilizing a stripping gas, said process comprising utilizing a gas selected from the group consisting of ammonia and a mixture of ammonia and steam as said stripping gas wherein when an ammonia and steam mixture is utilized the ratio of ammonia to steam is about 0.1:1 to about 100:1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for reducing the acidity of a petroleum oil containing organic acids comprising treating said petroleum oil containing organic acids with an effective amount of an alcohol at a temperature and under conditions sufficient to form the corresponding ester of said alcohol and wherein said treatment is conducted in the presence of a metal carboxylate.

Abstract: Applicant has discovered a new zeolite containing composition and a process for preparing the same. The composition is unique in that the zeolite crystals making up one layer of the composition pack in a manner such that the composition is essentially continuous with no large scale voids even when the zeolite layer is <10 .mu.m thick. Thus, the present invention is directed toward a composition comprised of a porous substrate and a layer of zeolite crystals wherein said layer of zeolite crystals is a polycrystalline layer with at least 99% of said zeolite crystals having at least one point between adjacent crystals that is .ltoreq.20 .ANG. and wherein at least 90% of said crystals have widths of from about 0.2 to about 100 microns (preferably about 2 to about 50 microns) and wherein at least 75% of said crystals have a thickness of within 20% of the average crystal thickness. Preferably the composition has at most 1 Volume % voids in the zeolite layer. Use of the composition is also described.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for reducing organic acids in petroleum feeds containing organic acids comprising: (a) thermally treating a petroleum feed containing organic acids in a thermal reaction zone comprising a plurality of stages in series, at a temperature and pressure sufficient to decompose at least a portion of said organic acids while sweeping said plurality of stages with an inert gas, to produce a volatile organic acid containing hydrocarbon fraction and a non-volatile hydrocarbon fraction; (b) treating said volatile hydrocarbon fraction to neutralize at least a portion of said organic acids therein and to produce a treated volatile hydrocarbon fraction; (c) collecting said non-volatile hydrocarbon fraction from said thermal reaction zone; and (d) blending said treated volatile hydrocarbon fraction of step (b) with said collected non-volatile hydrocarbon fraction.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward a new zeolite membrane which exhibits a columnar cross-sectional morphology and preferred crystallographic orientation comprising a porous substrate having coated thereon a mesoporous growth enhancing layer and a layer of columnar zeolite crystals on said mesoporous growth enhancing layer, and wherein said mesoporous growth enhancing layer comprises nanocrystalline or colloidal sized zeolites, nanocrystalline or colloidal zeolite and metal oxide, or nanocrystalline or colloidal zeolite and colloidal metal, or nanocrystalline or colloidal zeolite, colloidal metal and metal oxide, and wherein said mesoporous growth enhancing layer has interstices of about 20 to about 2000 .ANG., and wherein said columnar zeolite layer is a polycrystalline layer wherein 99.9% of said columnar zeolite crystals have at least one point between adjacent crystals that is .ltoreq.20 .ANG..

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst composition, its methods of preparation and its use in aromatic alkylation processes. The composition comprises a heteropoly compound selected from the group consisting of heteropoly salts and heteropolyacid salts deposited in the interior of a porous support selected from the group consisting of silica, titania, and zirconia, wherein said salt of said heteropoly salt and said heteropolyacid salt is selected from the group consisting of ammonium, cesium, potassium, and rubidium salts and mixtures thereof, and wherein said heteropoly salt and said heteropolyacid salt are formed with a heteropolyacid selected from the group consisting of 12-tungstophosphoric, 12-tungstosilicic, 12-molybdophosphoric, and 12-molybdosilicic acid.

Abstract: Applicant has discovered a new zeolite membrane and a process for preparing the same. The membrane is unique in that the zeolite crystals making up the membrane pack in a manner such that the membrane is essentially continuous with no large scale voids even when the membrane is <10 .mu.m thick. Thus, the present invention is directed toward a zeolite membrane wherein said membrane is comprised of a porous substrate and a layer of zeolite crystals wherein said layer of zeolite crystals is a polycrystalline layer with at least 99% of said zeolite crystals having at least one point between adjacent crystals that is .ltoreq.20 .ANG. and wherein at least 90% of said crystals have widths of from about 2 to about 50 microns and wherein at least 75% of said crystals have a thickness of within 20% of the average crystal thickness and wherein said membrane has at most 1 V % voids in said zeolite layer.

Abstract: This invention is directed toward a method for inhibiting the formation (nucleation, growth and agglomeration) of clathrate hydrates. The method comprises adding into a mixture comprising hydrate forming substituents and water, an effective amount of a hydrate inhibitor selected from the group consisting of anionic, cationic, non-ionic and zwitterionic hydrate inhibitors. The hydrate inhibitor has a polar head group and a nonpolar tail group not exceeding 12 carbon atoms in the longest carbon chain.