Abstract: This invention relates to normally liquid, stable polymer/polyol compositions formed by polymerizing, in the presence of a free radical catalyst, an ethylenically unsaturated monomer or monomers dissolved or dispersed in a polyol mixture including a coupled polyol consisting of the reaction product of a polyol having a functionality in excess of 2 reacted with polyisocyanate in such proportion that the ratio of hydroxyl groups to isocyanato groups is greater than 1. In one embodiment, the coupled polyol is made in situ in the base polyol by addition thereto of the required amount of the polyisocyanate. The novel polymer/polyol compositions are convertible to polyurethane foams and elastomers.

Abstract: Pentachlorophenyl 3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl ether and its use as a mildewcide in latex paints.

Abstract: Silicone rubber is treated with certain gas plasmas at low pressures and ambient temperatures to improve the adhesion of a polyurethane coating to the silicone rubber.

Abstract: Novel improved polymer/polyisocyanate composition made by polymerizing acrylonitrile alone or with one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers in situ in a polyisocyanate. The polyisocyanate comprises a diarylalkylene diisocyanate; a polymeric diarylalkylene polyisocyanate; a quasi-prepolymer of a diarylalkylene diisocyanate or a polymeric diarylalkylene diisocyanate with an active hydrogen organic compound having at least two active hydrogen atoms per molecule; a mixture of a diarylalkylene diisocyanate, its carbodiimide and its trifunctional trimeric cycloadduct; or a mixture of two or more such polyisocyanates, to form a highly stable dispersion of small polymer particles in said polyisocyante. The novel compositions are highly useful in the production of polyurethane products.

Abstract: This invention relates to alkoxysiloxanes characterized by alkoxy endblocking groups derived from alcohols having boiling points and solidification points in particular ranges. The novel alkoxysiloxanes are especially useful as hydraulic fluids (e.g., brake fluids).

Abstract: In a rhodium-catalyzed hydroformylation process employing olefin reactants having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms to produce products rich in normal aldehydes, the efficiency of the catalyst in producing such products is substantially uneffected and propionaldehyde is also produced by employing ethylene as a coreactant along with the olefin.

Abstract: The invention provides a polyol-chain extender mixture consisting of (1) a poly(oxypropylene-oxyethylene) polyol having a hydroxyl number of from about 20 to 60, an oxyethylene cap of from about 10 to 30 weight percent and an internal oxyethylene content of from about 30 to 60 weight percent and (2) ethylene glycol,The invention also provides polymer/polyoly-chain extender mixtures wherein the polyol-chain extender is as aforesaid.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel process for producing polymer/polyols characterized by the use of specific amounts of particular monomer combinations and by maintaining a low monomer concentration throughout the reaction mixture during the process. The monomer combinations are acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile and styrene or alpha-methyl styrene. The process produces novel polymer/polyols characterized by their convertibility to low density, water-blown polyurethane foams having reduced scorch and by the relatively small size of the polymer particles.

Abstract: Fluid, stable polymer-polyols are provided which consist of an organic polyol medium and an interpolymer of a minor amount of polymerized ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydride, such as maleic acid anhydride, and a major amount of at least one different polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomer, the interpolymer being in the form of particles that are stably dispersed in the polyol. Polyurethane foams produced from these polymer/polyols display improved load bearing and compression set when compared with polymer/polyols produced in a similar manner without the ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydride; elastomers so produced have improved tensile modulus and tear properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel process for producing polymer/polyols characterized by the use of specific combinations of acrylonitrile and styrene and by utilizing certain peroxyester catalysts. Methacrylonitrile and/or alpha-methyl styrene may optionally be used as substitutes for the acrylonitrile and styrene, respectively. The process produces novel polymer/polyols characterized by relatively high polymer contents and increased stability. These polymer/polyols are stable, fluid, essentially free from scrap and seeds as produced and contain relatively small polymer particles such that, in the preferred embodiment, essentially all are less than about 30 microns in diameter.

Abstract: Improved diecuttable polyester urethane foams are provided by the inclusion in the foam formulation of specified minor amounts of certain low molecular weight polyols, typically having hydroxyl numbers of 100 or greater. Representative useful species of such polyols include aliphatic alcohols, such as glycerol and erythritol, polymethylols such as trimethylolpropane, alkanolamines such as triethanolamine and relatively low molecular weight alkylene oxide adducts such as propylene-glycerol adducts and the like. Especially effective diecuttable foam formulations are provided by further employing, as co-additives, certain alkylene oxide adducts of linear alcohols or phenols, sulfonated petroleum oils, ammonium salts and silicone-containing copolymers. If desired, the viscosity and compatibility characteristics of the additive and/or additive and co-additive mixture may be modified by the incorporation of a diluent.

Abstract: Improvements in polymer/polyol compositions which are convertible by reaction with polyisocyanates to polyurethanes which are pigmented to a medium to dark color and which inherently chalk upon exposure to weather and wherein the polymer of the polymer/polyol composition is dispersed in the polyol thereof and is formed from one or more polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The improvement provides to said polyurethanes resistance to chalking on exposure to weather and in one embodiment comprises the presence, in the polymer/polyol compositions used to make the polyurethanes, of a metallocene from the class consisting of ferrocene, ferrocene derivatives, cobaltocene and nickelocene in an amount effective to provide chalk resistance. Optionally, the metallocene can be present in the polyisocyanate composition instead of the polymer/polyol composition.

Abstract: Poly (oxypropylene-oxyethylene) polyols containing predetermined amounts of both internal and cap ethylene oxide are employed to form polymer/polyols which exhibit enhanced compatibility for low molcular weight chain extenders such as, for example, ethylene glycol and butanediol. Polyurethane elastomers having satisfactory modulus characteristics are prepared from the polymer/polyol-chain extender mixture, and the resulting elastomers possess unexpected hydrolytic stability.

Abstract: Novel improved polymer/polyol compositions made by polymerizing, in the absence of any alkyl mercaptan, one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomer substantially free of bound halogen in situ in a blend of about 55 to about 95 wt. % of a polyol having a number average molecular weight not greater than about 4000 and from about 45 to about 5 wt. % of a polyol having a number average molecular weight of not less than about 5000 to form a highly stable dispersion of small polymer particles in said blend. The novel compositions are highly useful in the production of polyurethane products.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel polymer/polyol compositions consisting essentially of a polyol and a polymer of an unsaturated monomer polymerized in the polyol. The polyols in the novel compositions are polyoxyalkylene-polyoxyethylene polyols having critical oxyalkylene and oxyethylene contents, hydroxyl functionalities, hydroxyl numbers and primary hydroxyl group contents. This invention further relates to novel polyurethanes produced from such polymer/polyol compositions and especially to novel polyurethane foams having outstanding utility as seat cushions having improved static fatigue and humidity sensitivity properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel liquid polymer/polyol compositions consisting essentially of: (1) from 45 to 90 wt.% of a polyoxypropylene polyol having a molecular weight of at least 1500 and (2) from 55 to 10 wt.% of an acrylonitrile-styrene polymer consisting essentially of: (a) from 60 to 90 wt.% polymerized acrylonitrile and (b) from 40 to 10 wt.% polymerized styrene, said polymer being in the form of particles that are stably dispersed in the polyol, said composition being essentially free of polymer particles have diameters over 30 microns and said composition having been produced by polymerizing a monomer mixture of acrylonitrile and styrene in the polyol. The novel polymer/polyols are convertible to novel polyurethane foams having high load-bearing properties and to solid polyurethane elastomers having a high modulus.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel polyurethane prepolymers which consist essentially of the reaction product of a polyoxyalkylene polyol having a critical oxyethylene content and an isocyanate constituent, the reaction product having a defined level of free NCO. Particularly useful prepolymers are produced using a tolylene diisocyanate residue. The prepolymers provided have outstanding utility for rebonding polyurethane foams for applications such as, for example, carpet underlays and allow significant reductions in the adhesive level used in forming such rebonded foams and in the demolding cure times in comparison with presently used prepolymer adhesives. The prepolymers are also useful for applications in which polyurethane prepolymers are used presently such as, for example, in hydrophilic foams.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel polyoxyalkylene polymers characterized by olefinic endblocking groups in which the olefinic double bond is in the alpha position and is incapable of isomerizing or shifting to the beta or any other position. The novel polymers readily undergo addition reactions with siloxanes containing SiH to produce novel siloxane-polyoxyalkylene block copolymers that are useful as foam stabilizers for polyurethane foams. The olefinic double bonds undergo little side reactions during such addition reactions and so the product is relatively free of materials other than the block copolymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing high yields of hydrocarbon chlorosilanes by reacting polysilanes with alkyl or alkenyl chloride at a temperature ranging from about 10.degree. C to about 60.degree. C in the presence of a co-catalyst system. The co-catalyst system is comprised of a combined catalytic amount of co-catalyst (a) and co-catalyst (b), wherein co-catalyst (a) is selected from the group consisting of R'.sub.3 N, R'.sub.3 NHCl, R'.sub.4 NCl and R'.sub.4 PCl wherein R' is one or more of an alkyl or aralkyl radical of from 1 to 18 carbon atoms and co-catalyst (b) is selected from the group consisting of metal salts and metal complexes.

Abstract: This application relates to certain novel hydroxybicyclosiloxanes that are particularly useful as foam stabilizers for rigid polyurethane foams. The novel hydroxybicyclosiloxanes have critical siloxane molecular weights and are produced by an addition reaction involving hydrosiloxanes and olefinically unsaturated bicyclic alcohols that contain an olefinic bond which does not shift significantly during the reaction.