Abstract: The invention is an apparatus for measuring eye gaze and fixation duration employing an electronic video display array as sequential sources of eye illumination. The video display of the apparatus may be task related or near infrared light sources used merely to track the user's eye. The apparatus of the invention is based on an opto-transistor array, a comparator array and an encoder and latch clocked by the raster-scan pulses of the display driver, which are configured to construct a pairing table of sequential source corneal reflections to sensor activations over the display field refresh cycle. An accurate three dimensional ocular model is computed from opthalmometric techiniques from which the viewing direction and fixation duration are derived. The apparatus is easily extended to the simultaneous tracking of both eyes and is designed to be used with head-mounted video displays. The accuracy of the apparatus is independent of shifts of the helmet on the user's head.

Abstract: A ballistic optical camera trigger having an integrated circuit capable of onverting light to a proportional frequency, wherein the integrated circuit has a fast response time and a wide dynamic range which allows it to sense positive or negative changes in light fast enough to trigger without delay for high speed imaging without computational delays or jitter causing interference. The frequency output of the integrated circuit is tracked by a phase lock loop/voltage controlled oscillator to allow it to follow slow changes in light, but not fast changes in light caused by, for example, a projectile such as a bullet. The frequency output from the integrated circuit is provided to one input of a logic gate which receives at another input thereof, a shaped pulse from the phase lock loop/voltage controlled oscillator circuit, wherein the output of the logic gate is applied to a one-shot for outputting a trigger signal.

Abstract: A lightweight yet rugged satellite antenna base and alignment apparatus for se in mobile operations into remote locations having minimal support facilities available. The invention utilizes a base having a vertical mast with adjustable stabilizer legs which may be retracted during transportation. The alignment mechanism comprises an antenna support plate which is pivoted by a pivot screw to provide antenna elevation adjustment, and which is rotated by a worm gear to provide for antenna azimuth adjustment. A bubble level is provided for vertical alignment of the mast.

Abstract: A device for assessing an impact of a projectile with a target using optical radiation from the flash of the impact. The invention includes an optical radiation detector, which detects optical radiation from the impact flash using optical, electronic and optoelectronic devices. The optical radiation detector is situated on a tank firing the projectile at a target. Further included is an optical radiation augmenter, which is a pyrotechnic material, mountable on a projectile, for augmenting the flash of the projectile impact with the target. By analyzing the signatures of pyrotechnic materials using the optical radiation detector, one can easily identify which projectile impacted the target, determine a distance traveled by the projectile, and assess the projectile impact by ascertaining whether the projectile perforated the target.

Abstract: A digital sensor network scanner for use in monitoring resin flow and its re progress during a resin fabrication process in which a plurality of non-intersecting electrically conductive threads are arranged in a grid-like configuration with each sensor thread having a sensor input for a sensor data path so as to create a plurality of sensors is disclosed in which a first section of the scanner supplies time encoded pulses to the sensor input path. A second section of the sensor network scanner includes a plurality of detectors which are connected to the sensor data path as well as to a plurality of LEDs and which are also triggered by the same time encoded pulses applied to the sensor input path. When a sensor data path is in a conducting state, the applied time encoded pulses propagate down the sensor data path to the detector which, having simultaneously received a signal from both the network scanner and the sensor, illuminates the LED.

Abstract: A self telemetry system for use on missiles that utilizes the existing on board fuze transmitter as a telemetry transmitter.

Abstract: A fully polarimetric broadband antenna for emitting and receiving non-dissive EMP signals has dipole elements orthogonally mounted on a ground plane which tilts the elements relative to the direction of wave propagation. The ground plane can be shaped into either a pyramid or cone, and the elements may be truncated cones or substantially discus-shaped. A single-pole-single-throw reed relay is mounted between dipole elements which are independently driven to provide horizontal and vertical polarizations. The antenna provides a response and pattern suitable for transmitting short EMP signals useful in radar and communications applications.

Abstract: A technique for determining the spin history of kinetic energy penetrator projectiles. The method employs a special dihedral plug fitting in the rear (tracer well) of the penetrator projectile that produces a modulation of the tracking radar's signal. This signal is recorded and analyzed to yield the rotation rate of the projectile as it travels down range.

Abstract: A method has been developed and used to non-intrusively interrogate electronic systems in order to determine the system's characteristic response to electromagnetic energy. The method involves subjecting the system under test to two continuous wave signal sources of different frequencies fl and fh and measuring the difference frequency .DELTA.f (fh-fl) emitted from the system under test. The difference frequency, created by mixing action of nonlinear electronic components within the system, is a relative indication of the system's response to fh, fl. By incrementing the two source signals fl and fh by the same frequency step size, .DELTA.f remains constant and is measured for each fh,fl value. The compilation of amplitude measures of .DELTA.f, normalized by the corresponding amplitude measures of fh, fl, provides a relative measure of the frequency domain transfer function of the system under test.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring the settling time of frequency changes in a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) are disclosed. A signal splitter is responsive to the VCO for splitting the output signal between first and second channels. A delay circuit in one of the channels introduces a delay and corresponding phase shift of one signal relative to the other, and a phase detector produces a phase signal proportional to the phase shift indicative of the settling time of the VCO. A control circuit coupled to the phase detector and the VCO produces a step voltage initiating signal for changing the VCO output frequency. A detector responsive to the initiating signal and the phase signal produces an output indicative of the settling time with respect to the control signal in the modulation domain.

Abstract: Flaws in a seam of a shielded enclosure are detected by forcing a current to flow over the shielded enclosure and the seam. A small portable, hand held, compact device is placed over the seam. The device has a high impedance path which forces current to flow over the shielded enclosure and the seam. Two electrodes are resiliently pressed towards the shielded enclosure. The current flowing across the seam produces a voltage which the first and second electrodes and a detector use to detect flaws in the seam.

Abstract: A system for simulating indirect weapon fire is disclosed which serves to greatly increase the realism and training value of tactical engagement simulation exercises when suitably interfaced with existing MILES-type detecting/indicating equipment. System simplicity, effectiveness, and security are achieved using a referee-operated, hand-held actuating device emitting at a first acoustic frequency to selectively transmit actuating signals to one or more pre-positioned explosion simulation devices, which then transmit multidirectional sound at a second acoustic frequency. MILES-equipped point targets located within the effective range of the multidirectional sound respond to the second frequency signal and determine the effectiveness of the simulated explosion using a pre-established hierarchy of hit/near miss/weapon-type criteria.

Abstract: An antenna for radiating ultra wide bandwidth radio frequency pulses for in communications systems and sensors is disclosed in which a TEM horn is loaded by a resistively loaded parallel plate section and a shunt network connected to the parallel plate section in order to provide a low VSWR high efficiency antenna.

Abstract: A pulse transmitter for terminating reflected waves is disclosed which utilizes a series switched charged line pulse generator with a shunt element that is switched into the circuit immediately after the pulse is launched into an output line. The shunt element terminates any reflected wave so that it does not go back into the output line. The shunt element is formed by an optically controlled PIN diode coupled in series to a resistor which allows the circuitry to turn on fast and to handle high voltage pulses. The shunt element can be connected to either the input end of the charge line for circuitry embodiments in which the series switch stays closed or the shunt element can be connected at the output side of the series switch for embodiments in which the series switch opens after the pulse is formed such as, for example, where an avalanche switch is used.

Abstract: A dynamic range tester which simultaneously generates two signals, each of hich is composed of a clean signal plus an excess quantity of independent and isolated random noise is disclosed for use in producing real world signals which can be used to provide a simulated operating environment within which to evaluate the dynamic range or evaluate the processing gain of an electronic or acousto-optic system. The power level of the signal and power level of the noise in each of the two outputs of the dynamic range tester can be independently varied such that a range of signal-to-noise ratios may be set-up in each output.

Abstract: Transparent ceramic armor consisting of a light weight composite formed by tilizing a face plate of transparent aluminum oxide or transparent magnesium oxide with a back-up plate of transparent plastic and the two plates bonded together with a transparent adhesive. This composite on test affords complete ballistic protection against 0.30 AP M2 projectiles at 0.degree. obliquity with a muzzle velocity of 2770 ft. per sec.

Abstract: A method and system for modification of a pattern on a semiconductor subste, comprising the application of an electrical current through a liquid medium having a series of individual pixels controlled by a computer, thereby causing the clear liquid to change to opaque in selected areas.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for testing the hardness properties of metallic st materials, wherein electromagnets are employed to replace clamping means. Said apparatus comprises two electromagnets, and a test head which comprises a ball indenter means, a conventional hydraulic hand pump, a pop-off release valve and numerous gauges. A method of testing metallic sheet materials, and specifically armors, is set forth.

Abstract: A transparent composite armor providing complete protection for small arms rojectiles up to and including caliber .50 AP M2 projectiles consisting of two or more layers of transparent material having a hard frangible face plate backed by one or more tough resilient plates to absorb the excess impact force after contact with the face plate, the several plates being bonded together with a suitable transparent adhesive.

Abstract: An audio optical processor unit employing a nonlinear organic optical element which may be in the form of a nonlinear polymer, a nonlinear organic material or a mixture of liquid crystal materials or polymers. The nonlinear organic optical element is interfaced by a piezo-electric crystal which encodes a laser beam passing through the optical element by inducing changes in the index of refraction or the changes in voltage potential across the polymer or non-linear organic material. The resulting encoded output is detected in a conventional manner by a photodetector array.