Abstract: A display is provided comprising a semi-transparent display element (16, 17, 18, 19), such as double super twisted nematic (DSTN) liquid crystal display (LCD) cell, a sub-assembly having backlight elements (11, 12, 13) mounted thereon, and mounting means (20) mounting the display element over the sub-assembly with the display element adjacent to the back light elements, with no diffuser between the backlight elements and the display element. The backlight elements are an array of light emitting diodes of sufficiently wide angle and spaced sufficiently close together that, when viewed from the front of the display element, the display has substantially evenly dispersed brightness across the array.

Abstract: A radio frequency electrical connection (600) between a pair of electrical devices is formed by a pair of uninsulated bond wires (601, 603). The uninsulated bond wires (601, 603) are twisted in a manner such that the wires form a twisted pair but do not physically touch each other over the length of the twisted section.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for rapidly determining the resonance of a loop antenna (7). In order to set the loop antenna (7) to the desired operating frequency, the antenna is used with an amplifier (15). In view of the high Q provided by the loop, it is used at the output of the amplifier (15) to create a tank circuit. The loop is adjusted to create the proper amount of phase shift driving the amplifier (15) into oscillation. The antenna is then tuned to allow the amplifier (15) to oscillate at a desired frequency. This frequency is monitored on a frequency counter. When the desired frequency is attained, the loop antenna is properly adjusted and can be connected to a transmitter. The invention allows quick and easy adjustment of the loop antenna without having to apply RF energy to the antenna or make VSWR calculations.

Abstract: A device (100) for use in a test fixture system which uses a plurality of ultrasonic transducers (103,105,107) to transfer energy to a plurality of contact probes (109). The ultrasonic energy enables the pins (111) to pierce and move obstructing materials to insure adequate electrical contact between the contact probe and an electrical connector on a device under test.

Abstract: A wireless communications receiver having an adaptive squelch system and operable in multiple states including a receiver (11) that provides a received signal when operating in a clear (unscrambled) state and when operating in a secure (scrambled) state; a squelch function (13) that generates an unsquelch signal when the received signal satisfies a quality level; and a controller (15) that sets the quality level to a predetermined level that corresponds to the receiver operating state.

Abstract: A radio frequency electrical connection between a pair of electrical devices (101, 104) is formed by a pair of bond wires (102, 103) crossing (401) each other.

Abstract: FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate communications devices (30) that are operable in both a radio dispatch mode and a telephone interconnect mode. To mitigate the problem of a relatively high level audio signal from being unexpected broadcast from an ear-piece of the device (30) when the ear-piece is proximally located with an ear of a user of the device, the communications device (30) is arranged to ensure that, at least during an initial period of operation in either of the two operating modes, audio signals of relatively high level do not originate from the ear-piece, thereby preventing a change in audio power output from the ear-piece that may potentially cause damage to the hearing of a user of the radio communications device.

Abstract: A twisted-pair conductor line structure is formed on a substrate (22) having insulated conductive layers (10, 11). The conductive layers are used to form first, second, third, and fourth conductive planar segments (16). A first conductive link (44) joins the first and second planar conductive segments to provide a first signal path. Similarly, a second conductive link (46) joins the third and fourth planar conductive segments to provide a second signal path. The first and second conductive links are operatively arranged to form a twist (17) in the first and second signal paths, such that the resulting magnetic fields (57, 59) around the twisted conductive segments will be opposite to each other for cancelling each other out, in order to reduce the magnetic field radiation to the surrounding environment. Two such twisted-pair conductor lines are placed such that their twisted portions are off-set from each other.

Abstract: An amplifier (1) used with a pulse width modulated signal which improves the efficiency of a low level input signal comprises two or more switching devices (7,9) with common source/drain or emitter/collector connections. The gates or the bases of the devices are independently driven to optimize the efficiency of the various Rds (on) resistance values of the transistors (61, 63, 65, 89, 91, 93) used in the devices. The amplifier is operated so that during the highest output levels, select switching devices (61, 63, 65) are utilized to reduce in series resistance with the load (13). As output power decreases, devices (89, 91, 93) with higher Rds (on) resistance values are activated by a control signal which greatly improves DC to DC conversion efficiency with improved output voltage resolution, dynamic range and reduced electromagnetic interference potential.

Abstract: A twisted-pair conductor line structure is formed on a substrate (22) having insulated conductive layers (10, 11). The conductive layers are used to form first, second, third, and fourth conductive planar segments (16). A first conductive link (17) joins the first and second planar conductive segments to provide a first signal path. Similarly, a second conductive link (17) joins the third and fourth planar conductive segments to provide a second signal path. The first and second conductive links are operatively arranged to form a twist (17)in the first and second signal paths, such that the resulting magnetic fields (57, 59) around the twisted conductive segments will be opposite to each other for cancelling each other out, in order to reduce the magnetic field radiation to the surrounding environment.

Abstract: A twisted-pair conductor line structure is formed on a substrate (22) having insulated conductive layers (31, 32). The conductive layers are used to form first, second, third, and fourth conductive planar segments (40, 41, 42, 43). A first conductive link (44) joins the first and second planar conductive segments to provide a first signal path. Similarly, a second conductive link (46) joins the third and fourth planar conductive segments to provide a second signal path. The first and second conductive links are operatively arranged to form a twist (17) in the first and second signal paths, such that the resulting magnetic fields (57, 59) around the twisted conductive segments will be opposite to each other for cancelling each other out, in order to reduce the magnetic field radiation to the surrounding environment.