Abstract: The invention relates to thermoplastic polycarbonate molding compositions which are rendered improved resistance to gamma-radiation by the incorporation therewith of about 0.05 to about 5.0 percent by weight of an ester of poly(alkylene)oxide conforming to ##STR1## wherein R is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl, Y denotes a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl radical, and X is about 1 to 40, preferably 5 to 30.The compositions of the invention exhibit excellent resistance to yellowness and formation of haze which commonly characterize gamma irradiated articles molded from polycarbonate.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the preparation of stable polyurethane-polyurea dispersions in a multi-stage process by forming an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer having an ionic group content of up to about 50 milliequivalents per 100 g of prepolymer by reacting an organic polyisocyanate (a) with at least two isocyanate-reactive components (b1) and (b2) wherein component (b1) has at least one ionic or potential ionic hydrophilic group, characterized in that(1) the isocyanate (a) is initially reacted with component (b1), and(2) the resulting product is then reacted with component (b2) and optionally with a component (b3) containing ethylene oxide units to form a prepolymer, and(3) the resulting prepolymer is dispersed in water.The present invention further release to products obtained according to this process and to their use for the preparation of coatings on flexible or rigid substrates and in particular to their use as ahdesives.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of isocyanates containing silylated alcoholic or phenolic hydroxyl groups as substituents and to the use of the compounds obtained by this process as reactants for isocyanatocarboxylic acid halides in the preparation of polyisocyanates containing ester groups.

Abstract: An adhesive consisting substantially of an aqueous solution or dispersion of a polyurethane containing chemically incorporated carboxylate and/or sulphonate groups is prepared from a mixture of at least two (cyclo)-aliphatic diisocyanate and selected polyester diols based on (i) adipic acid and (ii) tetramethylenediol, hexamethylenediol or mixtures of these diols. The use of such aqueous solutions for the formation of bonds on any substrates, in particular on leather, plastics, rubber materials and/or polyvinyl chloride containing plasticizer, with the same material or with other materials is disclosed.

Abstract: New compounds containing isocyanatophenoxy groups, corresponding to ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 denotes a residue of a n-valent polyhydroxyl compound having a molecular weight of about 92-6000, R.sup.2 denotes hydrogen or methyl group and n denotes an integer of from 3 to 8 were found to be suitable as hardeners in the preparation of adhesives.

Abstract: Novel polyurethanes are prepared by reacting(a) an organic diisocyanate of formula ##STR1## wherein M represents --CH.dbd.CH--; --N.dbd.N--; --CH.dbd.N--; ##STR2## or and where R.sub.1 through R.sub.4 may be the same or different and represent hydrogen, halogen, CN, CF.sub.3 or saturated aliphatic C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl residues which may be interrupted by ether hydrogen atoms with(b) compounds of molecular weights of from between 400 and 10,000 and which contain at least two active hydrogen atoms reactive toward isocyanate groups.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for producing a molded product comprising(A) reacting:(i) an organic polyisocyanate having an isocyanate group content of from 5 to 45% by weight, preferably from 15 to 35% by weight, and most preferably from 20 to 35% by weight, prepared by reacting:(a) an organic di- and/or polyisocyanate, and(b) an active hydrogen containing fatty acid ester prepared by reacting an alcohol or polyol with an aliphatic, saturated or unsaturated fatty acid, said ester being characterized in that at least one aliphatic acid which contains more than 8 carbon atoms is built into the molecule, said ester further characterized as having an acid number of from 0 to 100 and a hydroxyl number of from 0 to 150 with at least one of said numbers being greater than zero, said ester having an average molecular weight of from 500 to 5000,(ii) an isocyanate reactive component comprising:(a) from about 0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heat curable adhesive system comprising a prepolymer (P) based on isocyanate groups and polyether segments, and at least one polyhydroxyl compound (C), and a catalyst (D) characterized in that(a) the prepolymer (P) is formed on the basis of one or more polyols (A) containing polyether segments and having an average hydroxyl number of from 50 to 160 and an average functionality of from 2.05 to 2.6 and o at least one diphenylmethane diisocyanate (B) and(b) the polyhydroxyl compound (c) contains at least three hydroxyl groups per molecule and is dispersed in prepolymer (P) in a quantity of from 1 to 10 hydroxyl groups for each isocyanate group still available in the prepolymer (P) and melts at a temperature above 110.degree. C. and(c) the catalyst (D) consists of at least one carboxylic acid salt of bismuth, cadminum, lead or zinc containing more than 12, in particular 14 carbon atoms, used in a solid form melting at a temperature above 100.degree. C.

Abstract: The polygon effect in a double belt conveyor for the continuous production of laminates having a foam core foamed in situ between covering layers is avoided in that the slat belts are provided with guiding rails in the deflection areas, and in that the slat belts are driven by rotating pulling elements. The driving elements of the pulling elements engage on catches which are arranged along the slat belts, only in the sections of straight-line motion of the slat belts.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a polyester polyol having a molecular weight between about 850 and 2000, a functionality of about 5 to 9 and an OH number of about 200 to 350, based on 100% solids, which is prepared by reacting(a) an acid component based on at least one polyfunctional cycloaliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid, anhydride or ester and optionally up to about 50 percent by weight of at least one acyclic, polyfunctional carboxylic acid and(b) a hydroxyl component containing at least a portion of at least one polyol having a functionality of at least 3.The present invention is also directed to a process for preparing these polyester polyols by reacting the above components and is further directed to the use of these polyester polyols in combination with organic polyisocyanates for the production of polyurethanes, particularly polyurethane coatings.

Abstract: A reaction product is formed from a tertiary amine and an acid mixture of (i) boric acid and (ii) a carboxylic acid. The reaction components are generally used in quantities such that the molar ratio of tertiary amine to acid mixture is from 1:0.1 to 1:10. The molar ratio of the boric acid to the carboxylic acid in the acid mixture is generally from 1:100 to 1:0.01. These reaction products are particularly useful as catalysts in the production of isocyanate addition products.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a continuous process for the production of aqueous polyurethane dispersions by continuously mixing solutions of polyurethanes or isocyanate prepolymers dissolved in an organic solvent with water and subsequently continuously removing at least a portion of the solvent using a circulation-type evaporator. The present invention is also directed to the production of coatings or adhesives by applying the aqueous polyurethane dispersions to a substrate.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a polyisocyanate comprising the reaction product of(a) an isocyanate selected from the group consisting of methylenebis(phenylisocyanate), polymethylenepoly(phenylisocyanate), and mixtures thereof, and(b) a polyester polyol having a hydroxyl functionality of from 2 to 3 and a molecular weight of from about 750 to about 3500, said polyester polyol prepared by reacting neopentyl glycol and adipic acid,the isocyanate group content of said reaction product from about 14% to about 28% by weight. The invention is also directed to a RIM process using such prepolymers.

Abstract: High molecular weight amines having reduced low molecular weight amine contents are obtained by reacting a mixture of (1) a high molecular weight amine and (2) a low molecular weight amine with (3) an isocyanate in quantities such that from 0.5 to 10 equivalents of isocyanate are present for each equivalent of low molecular weight amine. The product of high molecular weight amines is particularly useful in the production of isocyanate addition products such as polyurethane plastics and foams.

Abstract: This invention relates to polyurethane(urea) compositions which contain foam and which are preferably cationically modified, contain non-abrasively bonded fillers and have a very high water absorbability (WAF).Production is effected by reacting isocyanate-terminated prepolymers with a quantity of water far exceeding the stoichiometric quantity in the presence of foams in particle or film form. The reaction mixture may also contain lignite powder and/or peat, other inorganic and organic fillers and/or biomasses (living cells, living bacteria, enzymes).The polyurethane(urea) compositions contain up to 95% by weight of foam particles and may contain further fillers (preferably lignite and/or peat). The compositions are swollen and have a high water content during production. Their water absorbability (WAF) when suspended in water is 33 to 97% by weight of water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyisocyanate adduct mixture which at a 100% solids concentration has an isocyanate content of about 4 to 19 weight percent and is liquid at room temperature. The adduct mixture is prepared from a biuret-containing polyisocyanate and a monohydroxy alcohol which contains 11 to 36 carbon atoms. The adduct mixture possesses good storage stability in common polyisocyanate solvents and good compatibility with apolar solvents. The present invention also relates to the use of the liquid polyisocyante adduct mixture in the process of curing alkyd or acrylic resins and to compositions containing the adduct mixture and alkyd or acrylic resins.

Abstract: Stable finely-divided dispersions of polyureas and/or polyhydrazodicarbonamides in a hydroxyl-group-containing material are made by reacting (i) an isocyanate with (ii) a compound selected from polyamines, hydrazines, hydrazides and mixtures thereof in the presence of (iii) a hydroxyl compound selected from polyethers, polyesters, polyester amides, polycarbonates and mixtures thereof and (iv) a catalyst. The catalyst is a compound which catalyzes the reaction of isocyanate groups with hydroxyl groups. The catalyst is used in a quantity of at least 50 parts per million parts of (i), (ii) and (iii). These dispersions are particularly useful in the production of polyurethanes.

Abstract: Rigid polyurethane foams are obtained by reacting an isocyanate-reactive component containing at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms, having a molecular weight of from 32 to 10,000 or a mixture thereof, with a polyisocyanate composition comprising(a) 30 to 70 pbw of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate with an iscocyanate content of from 29 to 32%,(b) 30 to 70 pbw of a compound having 30 to 42% by weight isocyanate content obtained by reacting 2,4- and/or 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate with an active hydrogen containing compound, thereafter initiating a reaction in the presence of trimerization catalyst, if necessary diluted with 2,4- and/or 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate,(c) 0 to 30 pbw of other isocyanate compounds in the presence of water and/or organic blowing agents, catalysts and surfactants.

Abstract: A Chemical Blowing Agent (CBA) concentrate was developed comprising a modifying agent and a chemical blowing agent. The CBA is characterized in that its decomposition products contain a primary amine. The modifying agent is a blend of a maleic anhydride copolymer and a butadiene based rubber. It was surprisingly found that resin degradation which often accompanies foam moldings using a CBA of the present type and is expressed in terms of a reduction in the molecular weight of the resin, is much reduced upon the incorporation of the modifying agent and chemical blowing agent of the invention. The concentrate may optionally further comprise a polymeric resin component.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polycarbonate films, and in particular extruded films and cast films, but preferably extruded films, which are characterized in that they contain about 0.01% to 2% by weight of a NH.sub.4 salt, alkali metal salt or alkaline earth metal salt of a perhalogenoalkanesulphonic acid, preferably a perfluoroalkanesulphonic acid.