Abstract: This invention relates to reducing the amount of thiols (mercaptans) in petroleum streams, specifically, mercaptans above the five carbon molecular weight range.

Abstract: A catalyst component, a catalyst, and a process for making the component and catalyst are disclosed herein. Also disclosed herein is a fluid catalytic cracking process for converting petroleum feedstocks to lower boiling products wherein the feedstock is contacted with the catalyst. The catalyst component is a crystalline microporous oxide catalyst to which a compound for promoting dehydrogenation and increasing Lewis acidity is effectively added. This catalyst component can be included in an inorganic oxide matrix material and used as a catalyst. Preferably, the compound for promoting dehydrogenation and increasing Lewis acidity is effectively added to a non-framework portion of the crystalline microporous oxide.

Abstract: A process for preparing a lubricating oil basestock having good low temperature properties. The process includes a first amorphous isomerization catalyst having a pore volume less than 0.99 ml/gm (H2O), an alumina content in the range of 30-50 wt % based on isomerization catalyst and an isoelectric point in the range of 4.5 to 6.5. The isomerization step is followed by a catalytic dewaxing step using an intermediate pore crystalline molecular sieve.

Abstract: The invention relates to a copolymer composition useful as wax crystal modifiers and flow improvers. The compositions are copolymers of a C6 to C250 straight-chain or branched dialkyl filmarate and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide, C3 to C30 &agr;-olefin, ethylene, styrene, and vinyl acetate.

Abstract: A method for concentrating the amount of alkylated mono-aromatics in a lubricating oil feedstock useful as a feedstock for sulfonation. The method comprises extracting a feedstock rich in aromatics with a solvent selected from NMP, phenol and furfural, said feedstock containing sufficient water to provide a raffinate having a target VI between about 86 and 97 under extraction conditions of treat and temperature selected to achieve the target VI. The raffinate is then hydrofmed and solvent dewaxed.

Abstract: Naphtha desulfurization with reduced product mercaptans is achieved by reacting a naphtha feed containing sulfur compounds and olefins with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrosesulfurization catalyst at reaction conditions including a temperature of from 290-425° C., a pressure of from 60-150 psig, and a hydrogen gas ratio of from 2000-4000 scf/b. It has been found that desulfurizing within these narrow conditions permits deep desulfurization with reduced mercaptan reversion, to produce a naphtha product with low total sulfur and low mercaptan sulfur levels.

Abstract: The invention relates to naphtha hydrodesulfurization incorporating either high temperature depressurization or controlled heating for mercaptan removal. More particularly, the invention relates to a naphtha hydrodesulfurization process, wherein the hot naphtha exiting the desulfurization reactor contains mercaptans, most of which are removed without olefin loss, by depressurizing the hot naphtha, thermally treating the hot naphtha, or some combination thereof. The desulfurized naphtha may be cooled and condensed to a liquid, separated from the gaseous H2S, stripped and sent to a mogas pool.

Abstract: The invention describes a method for preparing a low sulfur motor gasoline utilizing ethanol and caustic extraction.

Abstract: A two-stage process for converting petroleum residua and other low value oils to high valued gasoline blendstocks and light olefins. The first stage is comprised of a thermal process unit containing a reaction zone comprised of a horizontal moving bed of fluidized hot particles operated at temperatures from about 500 to 600° C. and having a short vapor residence time, and the second stage is comprised of a catalytic conversion zone operated at a temperature of about 525° C. to about 650° C., and also having a short vapor residence time, preferably shorter than that of the first stage reaction zone.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention is directed to an electrochemical process for removing polymerizable sulfur compounds from a hydrocarbon feed by (a) combining a solvent and electrolyte with a feed comprising hydrocarbon and polymerizable sulfur compounds to form a first mixture; (b) passing said first mixture into an electrochemical reactor to electrochemically oxidize said polymerizable sulfur compounds in said mixture under conditions capable of producing sulfur oligomers from said polymerizable sulfur compounds; (c) separating said oxidized first mixture to obtain a desulfurized hydrocarbon feed, and a second mixture comprising sulfur oligomers, solvent and electrolyte.

Abstract: A method and reactor system for catalytic hydrotreating and hydrocracking liquid hydrocarbon feedstock for producing a cracked liquid feedstock having a reduced contaminant level involves introducing the feedstock into the first reaction zone of a reactor system having a plurality of successive reaction zones, each reaction zone having a hydroprocessing catalyst bed therein, at least the first reaction zone comprising a hydrotreating reaction zone and at least one downstream reaction zone comprising a hydrocracking reaction zone, introducing hydrogen gas into the reactor system for flow through and over the catalyst beds in contact with the liquid in the reaction zones, the hydrogen exothermically reacting with the liquid in the reaction zones for producing an effluent for each reaction zone having a temperature greater than the temperature of the influent feedstock to that reaction zone, introducing liquid feedstock having the same composition as the liquid feedstock introduced into the first reaction zone i

Abstract: Disclosed are silicoaluminates (SAPOs) having unique silicon distributions, a method for their preparation and their use as naphtha cracking catalysts. More particularly, the new SAPOs have a high silica:alumina ratio and favorable Si atom distribution.

Abstract: A process for the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of multiple condensed ring heterocyclic organosulfur compounds present in petroleum and petrochemical streams over noble metal-containing catalysts under relatively mild conditions. The noble metal is selected from Pt, Pd, Ir, Rh, and polymetallics thereof. The catalyst system also contains a hydrogen sulfide sorbent material.

Abstract: A reactor for reacting liquid petroleum or chemical streams wherein the liquid stream flows countercurrent to the flow of a treat gas, such as a hydrogen-containing gas. The reactor is comprised of at least one vertically disposed reaction zone, each containing a bed of catalyst, wherein each reaction zone may contain vapor bypass means, and wherein each reaction zone is immediately preceded by a non-reaction zone, and wherein each non-reaction zone contains a gas/liquid contacting zone for stripping gaseous by-products, such as NH3 and H2S, from the liquid stream.

Abstract: A process, preferably in a counter-current configuration, for selectively cracking carbon-carbon bonds of naphthenic species using a low acidic catalyst, preferably having a crystalline molecular sieve component and carrying a Group VIII noble metal. The diesel fuel products are higher in cetane number and diesel yield.

Abstract: Disclosed are silicoaluminophosphates (SAPOs) having unique silicon distributions, a method for their preparation and their use as catalysts for the hydroprocessing of hydrocarbon feedstocks. More particularly, the new SAPOs have a high silica:alumina ratio, and may be prepared from single phase synthesis solutions or from microemulsions containing surfactants.

Abstract: A high temperature naphtha desulfurization process with reduced olefin saturation employs a partially spent and low metals content hydrodesulfurization catalyst having from 2-40% the activity of a new catalyst. The catalytic metals preferably include Co and Mo in an atomic ratio of from 0.1 to 1. The catalyst is preferably at least partially regenerable, has less than 500 wppm of a total of one or more of nickel, iron and vanadium and preferably has no more than 12 wt. % catalytic metal calculated as the oxide. This permits selective deep desulfurization, with reduced olefin saturation, low product mercaptan levels and little or need for downstream mercaptan removal.

Abstract: Selective and deep desulfurization of a high sulfur content mogas naphtha, with reduced product mercaptans and olefin loss, is achieved by a two stage, vapor phase hydrodesulfurization process with interstage separation of at least 80 vol. % of the H2S formed in the first stage from the first stage, partially desulfurized naphtha vapor effluent fed into the second stage. At least 70 wt. % of the sulfur is removed in the first stage and at least 80 wt. % of the remaining sulfur is removed in the second stage, to achieve a total at least 95 wt. % feed desulfurization, with no more than a 60 vol. % feed olefin loss. The second stage temperature and space velocity are preferably greater than in the first. The hydrodesulfurization catalyst preferably contains a low metal loading of Co and Mo metal catalytic components on an alumina support.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention is related to a process for desalting crude oil that requires less wash water than conventional desalting methods. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, a chemical demulsifier formulation comprising an emulsion-breaking chemical and a solvent carrier is added to the crude oil. Wash water is then added to the crude oil until the volume of water in the oil ranges from about 0.1 to about 3 vol. %. Subsequently, the mixture of crude oil, wash water, and chemical demulsifier formulation is subjected to opposed-flow mixing. Chemical emulsion-breakers useful in the invention have a hydrophobic tail group and a hydrophilic head group. Preferably, the emulsion breaker has the formula: x ranges from 1 to 5, y ranges from 0 to 2, and R is an alkyl group having 4-9 carbon atoms, and n ranges from 3 to 9.

Abstract: A three stage hydroprocessing process includes two liquid and one vapor reaction stages, both of which produce an effluent comprising liquid and vapor. Both vapor effluents comprise vaporized hydrocarbonaceous material. Fresh hydrogen is used for the hydroprocessing in both liquid stages. The second stage liquid effluent comprises the product liquid. The first stage liquid effluent is the feed for the second stage. The first stage vapor effluent is hydroprocessed in the vapor stage and then cooled to condense and recover at least a portion of the processed vapor as additional product liquid.