Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling exhaust gas recirculation in an internal combustion engine. Known methods provide for a control unit which generally controls the exhaust gas recirculation rate via a throttle and a stop valve in accordance with operating parameters of the internal combustion engine. No further information is provided on these operating parameters. The invention provides for a method and a device for controlling exhaust gas recirculation in an internal combustion engine which method and device are able to take into consideration a wide range of operating conditions of an internal combustion engine. To this end the control unit comprises a basic characteristic map (1) above the parameters “rotation per mite of international combustion engine” and “quantity of fuel supplied per operating cycle”. The basic signals of the basic characteristic map (1) can be influenced by correcting units which can be connected as needed and transmit correcting signals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method that comprises dispersing a stream of a melt flowing from a die by applying perturbations to said stream in an inert cooling gas which has an optimal temperature and is depleted of oxygen up to a value not exceeding 0.0001 mol. %. after their output at a stationary generation mode, the granules are recovered in the outlet portion of a heat-exchange chamber. The die is made of a heat-resistant material and has a flow section with a length defined by the relation 2d<1<20d. The perturbation frequency of the stream is defined by relation f=Wko/&pgr;do(1+c&tgr;)2  (I) where &tgr; is the dispersion time (at the initial moment &tgr;=0); c is the empirical coefficient characterizing the die material resistance to the perturbation of the stream; w is the flow rate of the stream; do is the initial value of the stream diameter; and ko is equal to 0.7 and is the value of the non-dimensional wave number.

Abstract: An apparatus for performing a task in a confined space having an access port. The apparatus comprise: a confinement box securable to the access port of the confined space; a shell extending from the confinement box; a teleoperated arm movable between a retracted position, in which the teleoperated arm is disposed within the shell, and a deployed position, in which the teleoperated arm extends through the access port and into the confined space to perform the task; and a control system for commanding the teleoperated arm.

Abstract: A method of aluminizing metals with a coating of aluminum or aluminides.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the treatment and remediation of a contaminated aquifer in the presence of an uncontaminated aquifer at a different hydraulic potential. The apparatus consists of a wellbore inserted through a first aquifer and into a second aquifer, an inner cylinder within the wellbore is supported and sealed to the wellbore to prevent communication between the two aquifers. Air injection is used to sparge the liquid having the higher static water level and, to airlift it to a height whereby it spills into the inner cylinder. The second treatment area provides treatment in the form of aeration or treatment with a material. Vapor stripped in sparging is vented to the atmosphere. Treated water is returned to the aquifer having the lower hydraulic potential.

Abstract: A portable lightweight cooling apparatus for cooling a human body is disclosed, having a channeled sheet which absorbs sweat and/or evaporative liquid, a layer of highly conductive fibers adjacent the channeled sheet; and, an air-moving device for moving air through the channeled sheet, wherein the layer of fibers redistributes heat uniformly across the object being cooled, while the air moving within the channeled sheet evaporates sweat and/or other evaporative liquid, absorbs evaporated moisture and the uniformly distributed heat generated by the human body, and discharges them into the environment.

Abstract: A method for the measurement of the viscosity of a fluid uses a micromachined cantilever mounted on a moveable base. As the base is rastered while in contact with the fluid, the deflection of the cantilever is measured and the viscosity determined by comparison with standards.

Abstract: A photographic material comprising a Lippmann emulsion coated on a polycarbonate support is disclosed. The product is suited for new industrial applications under severe conditions of temperature and humidity.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a recording medium for recording with a phase change ink. The medium comprises a substrate with a support layer and an adhesive layer coated thereon. The adhesive layer coated on said support layer at a coating weight of no more than 10 mg/dm2, comprises a blooming crosslinker and the adhesive layer is soluble in the phase change ink.

Abstract: A portable lightweight cooling apparatus for cooling a human body is disclosed, having a channeled sheet which absorbs sweat and/or evaporative liquid, a layer of highly conductive fibers adjacent the channeled sheet; and, an air-moving device for moving air through the channeled sheet, wherein the layer of fibers redistributes heat uniformly across the object being cooled, while the air moving within the channeled sheet evaporates sweat and/or other evaporative liquid, absorbs evaporated moisture and the uniformly distributed heat generated by the human body, and discharges them into the environment.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed utilizing permeable treatment media for treatment of contaminated water, along with a method for enhanced passive flow of contaminated water through the treatment media. The apparatus includes a treatment cell including a permeable structure that encloses the treatment media, the treatment cell may be located inside a water collection well, exterior to a water collection well, or placed in situ within the pathway of contaminated groundwater. The passive flow of contaminated water through the treatment media is maintained by a hydraulic connection between a collecting point of greater water pressure head, and a discharge point of lower water pressure head. The apparatus and process for passive flow and groundwater treatment utilizes a permeable treatment media made up of granular metal, bimetallics, granular cast iron, activated carbon, cation exchange resins, and/or additional treatment materials.

Abstract: The present invention is relative to nucleic acids containing at least one nucleic acid sequence coding for a recombinant polypeptide, which recombinant polypeptide contains at least partially the primary sequence of the invariant chain and at least one primary sequence from a specific T-cell epitope and is processed in a desired manner in antigen-presenting cells for binding the specific T-cell epitope to MHC II molecules.

Abstract: A method for creating peelable or frangible seals comprising the steps of: 1) selecting a first planar film with a polyethylene based resin disposed on its surface; 2) defining a frangible sealing zone on a surface of the first planar film; 3) heat sealing a second planar film to the frangible zone where the second planar film has a seal surface comprising a plurality of polymers; and 4) cooling the first and second planar films and frangible zone. A seal is created whereby peeling away the second planar film causes a rupture in the polymers disposed on the second planar film's surface.

Abstract: Dual phase alloys of chromium containing 2 to 11 atomic percent tantalum with minor amounts of Mo, Cr, Ti, Y, La, Cr, Si and Ge are disclosed. These alloys contain two phases including Laves phase and Cr-rich solid solution in either eutectic structures or dispersed Laves phase particles in the Cr-rich solid solution matrix. The alloys have superior mechanical properties at high temperature and good oxidation resistance when heated to above 1000° C. in air.

Abstract: A method as well as a gambling machine for performing games and lotteries consists in that a symbol or combination of symbols is picked out by the gambling machine, a player is enabled to pick out the own symbol or combination of symbols, and then machine-picked symbol or combination of symbols is presented to the player. Wherein, a player is given an opportunity to control an impossibility to change the machine-picked symbol or combination of symbols until it is presented to the player. To realize the method the gambling machine has to contain corresponding units. The proposed invention lets player to make sure the random character of the game and absence of any garbling.

Abstract: Fluorescent dichroic fibers randomly incorporated within a media provide an improved method for authentication and counterfeiting protection. The dichroism is provided by an alignment of fluorescent molecules along the length of the fibers. The fluorescent fibers provide an authentication mechanism of varying levels of capability. The authentication signature depends on four parameters, the x,y position, the dichroism and the local environment. The availability of so many non-deterministic variables makes production of counterfeit articles (e.g., currency, credit cards, etc.

Abstract: Provided is a suction retractor for use in surgical procedures. The suction retractor comprises a handle wherein the handle comprises a couple for attachment to a suction tube. A retractor plate is contiguous to the handle and a retractor blade is contiguous to the retractor plate. The retractor blade further comprises a plurality of suction ports. A continuous channel interior to the handle, retractor plate and retractor blade connects the couple to the plurality of suction ports.

Abstract: A novel Ni3Al-based alloy exhibits strengths and hardness in excess of the standard base alloy IC-221M at temperatures of up to about 1000° C. The alloy is useful in tool and die applications requiring such temperatures, and for structural elements in engineering systems exposed to such temperatures.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a homogeneous wire of inter-metallic alloy comprising the steps of providing a base-metal wire bundle comprising a metal, an alloy or a combination thereof; working the wire bundle through at least one die to obtain a desired dimension and to form a precursor wire; and, controllably heating the precursor wire such that a portion of the wire will become liquid while simultaneously maintaining its desired shape, whereby substantial homogenization of the wire occurs in the liquid state and additional homogenization occurs in the solid state resulting in a homogenous alloy product.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for the position sensitive detection of radioactivity in a fluid stream, particularly in the effluent fluid stream from a gas or liquid chromatographic instrument. The invention represents a significant advance in efficiency and cost reduction compared with current efforts.