Abstract: A steel roughing grade coated cemented carbide cutting tool comprises WC grains equal to or less than 70 w/o of the tool substrate, from about 5 to about 10 w/o of a cobalt bonding phase and the remainder being metal carbide grains selected from the group TiC, TaC, NbC, HfC and combinations thereof. The average WC grain size is from about 0.9 to about 1.3 microns and less than 10% of the WC grains have a size less than 0.5 microns. The coated cemented carbide tool is coated with an adherent refractory coating layer. The coated cemented carbide cutting tool can be used to machine steel at rough and heavy rough cutting conditions.

Abstract: A process for sintering silicon nitride articles to a density greater than 98% of theoretical density comprises the steps of heating a silicon nitride article in a covered container to a temperature equal to or greater than the liquidus temperature of the sintering aids contained in the silicon nitride article in a protective atmosphere and at a pressure for a period of time sufficient to obtain a density greater than 98% of theoretical density. The pressure is changed during the sintering step to displace the protective atmosphere in the closed container.

Abstract: A silicate optical glass article is made by forming a gel from a hydrolyzed silicon alkoxide. The resulting gel is molded, cured, dried, solvents removed, heated to form a dense glass having near net shape dimensions thereby reducing expensive polishing steps to obtain the desired final dimensions and surface quality.

Abstract: A silver-copper-titanium brazing alloy foil was produced by a rapid solidification processing method(s). The composition ranged from 10 to 50 weight percent copper, 0.1 to 9.5 weight percent titanium and the balance silver. Since the method provides high cooling rates, at least 10000.degree. C. per second, unique alloy structures and properties were obtained. This resulting foil can be used in the as cast form, it can be rolled down to a thinner dimension having also a more uniform surface finish, or it can be punched into preforms.

Abstract: The lumen output of a fluorescent lamp is improved by the triode radio frequency sputter coating of a continuous protective coating of vitreous alumina overlying the lamp phosphor layer.

Abstract: Composite articles and cutting tools are prepared by densification to form a body consisting essentially of particles of hard refractory boride uniformly distributed in a silicon nitride matrix consisting essentially of a first phase and a second phase. The first phase consists essentially of crystalline silicon nitride and the second phase is an intergranular refractory phase comprising silicon nitride and a suitable densification aid selected from the group consisting of yttrium oxide, cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, hafnium oxide and the lanthanide rare earth oxides and mixture thereof. The resulting composite article or cutting tool has a fracture toughness equal to or greater than about 4 MN/m.sup.3/2.

Abstract: Yellow emitting fluorescent lamp phosphor compositions comprise cerium and manganese activated alkali-earth fluoroapatite compositions containing sodium having the approximate formula(Ca.sub.1-s Sr.sub.s).sub.t Ce.sub.v Na.sub.w Mn.sub.x (PO.sub.4).sub.y F.sub.zwhereins is from 0 to 1t is from about 3.43 to about 4.01v is about 0.3w is about 0.3x is from about 0.3 to about 0.4y is about 3.00z is from about 1.0 to about 4.0.An improved two step firing process for producing the disclosed phosphors is described and an improved fluorescent lamp employing the disclosed phosphors is also described.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of silicon nitride powders, which are suitable for the manufacture of high quality structural ceramics is described. The synthesis process is based on the reduction of silicon dioxide by carbon in a nitrogen stream at elevated temperatures to form alpha silicon nitride. Silicon nitride powders of various morphologies are obtained by this technique by varying either the type of reactants used or the process conditions. Structural ceramics with densities exceeding 99% of theoretical and having satisfactory mechanical strength and oxidation resistance were sintered from powders synthesized by the method of this invention.

Abstract: A yieldable highway swing sign is described which swings out of the way when struck by farm equipment or other objects such as wet snow from snow plows. The sign has a torsion bar which returns the sign to its original position after being struck. The sign has notches in its hinges to maintain its original position. The notches resist any displacement forces by providing an inclined plane of 40.degree. which must be overcome before the sign is displaced in an arc pivoting around the torsion bar. The displacement of the sign is limited to a 90.degree. displacement from the original position by the configuration of the hinges and is helped by the increased torque created by the torsion bar as the sign swings further from its original position.

Abstract: A densified silicon nitride/magnesium oxide article which can be used as a substrate for a silicon device such as an integrated circuit chip is made by a unique process which imparts to the densified article of the combined properties of high relative density, low relative dielectric constant, low dielectric loss tangent, high thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient matched to that of silicon, and a high modulus of rupture without hot pressing.

Abstract: A process for the growth of silicon nitride whiskers consists of reacting a mixture of carbon and silicon dioxide powders at elevated temperature in a stream of nitrogen, said reaction mixture containing small amounts of metals such as chromium, magnesium, and nickel which promote the growth of silicon nitride whiskers by vapor phase transport. The whiskers obtained as a result of this invention are of much higher purity than those obtained by prior art.

Abstract: Chill-cast metal foil is produced by an apparatus having a flexible gas permeable valve which provides a means for retaining the molten metal prior to processing it into a chill-cast metal foil and simultaneously providing a gas purging of the reservoir and the orifice in the reservoir to prevent formation of detrimental oxides of the molten metal by the exposure of the molten metal to air or oxygen containing atmosphere.A method for producing the chill-cast foil is also described.

Abstract: A method of preparing fully dense silicon nitride based ceramic articles comprises the steps of blending a metal oxide component and silicon nitride, wherein a portion of the silicon nitride comprises acicular crystals; comminuting the powder mixture to reduce the aspect ratio of the acicular crystals to an average of less than about 3; pressing the comminuted powder to form a compact; and pressureless sintering the compact to a fully dense ceramic body. Powder mixtures and powder compacts for forming fully dense silicon nitride based ceramic bodies are also disclosed.

Abstract: A panel fastener for attaching a wall panel to a flange of a vertical stud in a movable wall system. The panel fastener is fabricated from sheet metal and includes a flat body portion, pointed teeth for driving into an edge of the wall panel and a portion which engages the rear surface of the flange. The panel fastener is deformable, thus permitting the wall panel to be installed by movement toward the stud along a path perpendicular to the panel. In addition, the panel fastener is fractured during wall panel removal, thus permitting the wall panel to be removed from the stud without damage to the stud or the wall panel.

Abstract: Yellow emitting fluorescent lamp phosphors comprise cerium and manganese activated calcium-strontium fluoroapatite compositions represented by the approximate formula(Ca.sub.1-t Sr.sub.t).sub.v Ce.sub.w Mn.sub.x (PO.sub.4).sub.y F.sub.zwhereint is from 0 to 1v is from about 4.12 to about 4.30w is about 0.295x is from about 0.147 to about 0.295y is about 3.0z is from about 1.72 to about 2.21.An improved two step firing process for producing the disclosed phosphors is described and an improved fluorescent lamp employing the disclosed phosphors is also described.

Abstract: A space frame is made from a plurality of truss modules and transverse chords. The truss modules and transverse chords are interconnected by fasteners contained therein. The truss modules have split longitudinal chords which are abutted to interconnect the truss modules. The transverse chords interconnect with the truss modules which are alternatingly arranged in two parallel planes to form the space frame matrix.

Abstract: A process for making a homogeneous metal oxide varistor powder is described. The ingredients desired in a varistor which are water and acid soluble and dissolved in water and acid respectfully to make a solution. The remaining ingredients which are water and acid insoluble are then suspended in the solution to make a homogeneous slurry. The slurry is dried, calcined, reslurried, dried, pressed and sintered. The sintered body has electrical leads attached then encapsulated in an epoxy resin to make an encapsulated varistor package.

Abstract: A fastener for attaching fixtures to channeled structural members has an extended bolt engaging section which increases the load carrying capacity of the fastener. The fastener, with the extended section, can be used in channeled structural members of limited depth as well as the standard channeled structural members without sacrificing the load carrying capacity. The extended section has an alignment feature which will align the flanges of the channeled structural member with the grooved flange engaging means of the fastener permitting the use of the fastener in channeled structural members having widths greater than standard members.

Abstract: A web section for a space frame has a node member attached to each end of the web member. A nodal section of the space frame is made up of four web sections which interconnect the chords of the space frame. Each node member of the web section is one quarter of the nodal section of the space frame. The space frame utilizing these web sections has two levels of chords interconnected by the web sections. The nodal section has a protective cover to cover and protect the fasteners to prevent corrosion as well as to improve the esthetics of the space frame by eliminating any exposed external fasteners.

Abstract: A silicon nitride-cordierite article, and process for fabricating is described. The silicon nitride imparts a high mechanical strength, and the cordierite contributes to a lower thermal conductivity making the composition especially useful for internal parts of a diesel engine. The mechanical strength can be increased by crystallizing the continuous cordierite glassy phase of the article. Crystallization of the continuous cordierite glassy phase is accomplished by the addition of a nucleating agent such as zirconium dioxide in the formulation and a subsequent reheating step after densification.