Abstract: Water-based diarylide pigment compositions containing diarylide pigment modified with water-soluble amines. The pigment compositions are useful in both water-based coating and ink compositions.

Abstract: A composition useful for the protection of actinic light-exposed presensitized lithographic printing plates. The composition contains an effective amount of the di-potassium salt of hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid dissolved in water. The composition is applied to the surface of the revealed substrate of the plates after they have been developed but before treatment to heat, to prevent surface contamination from the heat treatment.

Abstract: A printing ink of low misting properties comprising a dispersion of a pigment in a vehicle containing a hydrocarbon oil and an antimisting additive comprising an organic acid phosphate such as tridecyl acid phosphate (which is preferred), glycerol or propylene carbonate.

Abstract: Glazing on printing press rollers is reduced by use of a lithographic printing ink containing a crown ether such as the cyclic polymeric hexamer of ethylene glycol. The incorporation of the crown ether in the ink is especially helpful in reducing glazing when using lithographic inks wherein the underlying pigment contains calcium, e.g. Calcium Lithol Rubine - Pigment Red 57:1.

Abstract: Gravure base inks are prepared by flushing an aqueous pigment with a hydrocarbon solvent solution of a major amount of calcium resinate or magnesium resinate and a minor amount of zinc resinate in the presence of a C.sub.8 -C.sub.24 fatty acid amine or C.sub.8 -C.sub.24 fatty acid quaternary ammonium salt. The solvent to metal ratio is at least 40:60 and the pH is in the range of 4 to 10.

Abstract: Direct positive photographic films are disclosed having novel density enhancers of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is oxygen or sulfur, and B is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkylamino and alkoxy. Photographic materials coated with emulsions having these density enhancers display good optical density while maintaining high speed capability.

Abstract: Quaternized oligourethanes, useful as dispersing agents in preparing high-solids pigment concentrates for use in manufacturing inks, especially inks intended for use in gravure and packaging applications. The novel oligourethanes are prepared by reacting an appropriate ester or alcohol with a hydroxyethylimidazoline and polyisocyanate followed by quaternization with acids or alkyl derivatives of acids.

Abstract: A copolymer reaction product of a salt of a quaternary acrylate and a polyalkylene glycol acrylate. The copolymer is useful as an anti-static agent in anti-static varnish compositions for packaging gravure printing.

Abstract: A persistent photoconductive coating composition contains a persistent photoconductor, photoinitiator, an acetate or phenolic hydroxyl containing resin and ketone dispersed in an inert coherent matrix.

Abstract: Diarylide pigments modified with alkylene oxide polymers. The modified pigments are useful in both water-based and solvent-based coating and ink compositions.

Abstract: Disazo pyrazolone pigments are provided which have improved properties achieved by incorporating certain azomethine compounds. The pigment is prepared by reacting a primary amine terminated alkylene oxide polymer and acetoacetanilide or substituted acetoacetanilide to form an azomethine coupler, and subsequently co-reacting the azomethine coupler and a pyrazolone coupler with tetrazotized 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine or tetrazotized o-dianisidine. The pigment is useful in printing ink, plastics and paints.

Abstract: Linear, polymeric polyoxyalkylenediamine biguanide or water soluble salt thereof. The biguanide is useful as a biocide in bactericidal and fungicidal compositions and is especially useful as the active ingredient in ophthalmic compositions.

Abstract: Quaternized oligourethanes, useful as dispersing agents in preparing high-solids pigment concentrates for use in manufacturing inks, especially inks intended for use in gravure and packaging applications. The novel oligourethanes are prepared by reacting an appropriate ester or alcohol with a hydroxyethylimidazoline and polyisocyanate followed by quaternization with acids or alkyl derivatives of acids.

Abstract: An aqueous pigment dispersion containing as the dispersing agent a phosphate ester salt having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein: R and R' are the same or different linear or branched alkyl groups of 2 to 12 carbon atoms;k and l are the same or different integers having a value of 1 or 2;x and y are the same or different integers having values of greater than 1 but less than 13; and,M is a cation selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium and ammonium. The dispersing agent is especially useful to disperse azo type pigments. The resulting pigment dispersion exhibits improved stability.

Abstract: A water-dispersible graft copolymer of a polyamide and at least one acrylic monomer is prepared by reacting the polyamide with the acrylic monomer(s) in an alcohol solution in the presence of a free radical peroxidic initiator. The graft copolymer is particularly useful as the resin component of a water-based printing ink.

Abstract: Lithographic fountain solutions containing water, one or more nonionic surfactants having an HLB in the range of 1 to 8 and one or more hydrotropes to maintain the surfactant in solution without increasing the HLB of the fountain solution.

Abstract: Organic pigments especially suitable in the manufacture of printing inks. The pigments are prepared with relatively high concentrations of resins or rosins which are reacted with controlled amounts of an aluminum salt to obtain aluminum resinates or aluminum rosinates. The resulting resinated pigmentary compositions are characterized by high strength, better transparency, good rheology without loss of coloristic properties.

Abstract: The product of the reaction of a metal resinate and an amine-reactive polyamide is useful as the vehicle of publication gravure printing inks, resulting in prints that have superior properties such as holdout, gloss, and color development.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid to solids heat exchanger and to a process for retorting carbon-containing solids (e.g. oil shale) using such heat exchanger. The heat exchanger contains a liquid pool reservoir, heat source or heat sink for heating or cooling the liquid pool, a support for the solids such that there is heat exchange between the solids and the liquid pool without direct contact of the solids and the liquid pool, and oscillators or vibrators to cause the solids to be conveyed while exchanging heat with the liquid pool.

Abstract: A novel method for operating gas turbine combustors while minimizing the formation and discharge of pollutants such as NO.sub.x is described. In one embodiment, the use of more than one catalyst in series is employed to effect fuel oxidation at temperatures below flame temperature, thereby minimizing NO.sub.x formation.In another embodiment, a staged catalytic combustor is employed comprising a two zone combustion chamber involving a noncatalytic zone in which fuel is partially combusted under fuel rich conditions and combustion is completed in the second zone, utilizing catalytic oxidation with excess air to complete the combustion and minimize NO.sub.x formation.Still another embodiment concerns the use of a novel design for the primary combustion zone by which fuel is partially burned with substoichiometric amounts of air and, thereafter, the partially burned primary zone effluent is mixed into the secondary air stream where continued combustion proceeds at a temperature below that needed for NO.sub.