Abstract: A method of improving the release and antideposition characteristics of a hard impermeable surface. A hard impermeable surface is coated with a film of an aqueous solution. The solution is formed by combining (i) a dimer of at least two alkoxy functional silanes, (ii) an aqueous silicone emulsion of a polydiorganosiloxane, and (iii) water. The film is allowed to dry on the hard impermeable surface or the film can be wiped to dryness. The solution may also contain a water soluble hydrophilic solvent such as propylene glycol.

Abstract: A water repellent composition for gypsum containing masonry materials is disclosed. The composition contains as organohydrogensiloxane and polyvinyl alcohol, the combination of which provides unexpectedly high water repellency.

Abstract: One composition is a non-aqueous polar solvent-in-oil emulsion containing a non-aqueous polar solvent phase dispersed in a silicone oil continuous phase by an emulsifier. A second composition is a non-aqueous polar solvent-in-oil-in-water multiple emulsion of the type PS.sub.1 /O/w which contains a non-aqueous polar solvent phase PS.sub.1 dispersed in a silicone oil as a first continuous phase of a primary emulsion PS.sub.1 /O by an emulsifier. The primary emulsion PS.sub.1 /O is dispersed in a second continuous aqueous phase W to form multiple emulsion PS.sub.1 /O/W. A third composition is a non-aqueous polar solvent-in-oil-in-non-aqueous polar solvent multiple emulsion of the type PS.sub.1 /O/PS.sub.2 which contains a non-aqueous polar solvent phase PS.sub.1 dispersed in a silicone oil as a first continuous phase of a primary emulsion PS.sub.1 /O by an emulsifier. The primary emulsion PS.sub.1 /O is dispersed in a second continuous non-aqueous polar solvent phase PS.sub.2 to form multiple emulsion PS.sub.

Abstract: Higher generation radially layered copolymeric dendrimers having a hydrophilic poly(amidoamine) or a hydrophilic poly(propyleneimine) interior and a hydrophobic organosilicon exterior are prepared by first reacting a hydrophilic dendrimer having --NH.sub.2 surface groups with an organosilicon compound, and then hydrosilating the resulting copolymeric dendrimer with another organosilicon compound in the presence of a noble metal catalyst. In an alternate embodiment, the radially layered copolymeric dendrimers are prepared by reacting a hydrophilic dendrimer having --NH.sub.2 surface groups directly with an organosilicon dendron or organosilicon hyperbranched polymer.

Abstract: A classical method of microemulsion formation involves mixing an oil and water with a surfactant (S1), and a co-surfactant (S2). The oil is mostly preferably a cyclic siloxane. The oil is added to a solution of the surfactant (S1) and water. A two-phase system containing the siloxane results. The two-phase system is then titrated with co-surfactant (S2) until a clear isotropic microemulsion results. An emulsion polymerization catalyst is added to the clear isotropic microemulsion, and polymerization of the cyclic siloxane is initiated. The polimerization is allowed to advance until the reaction is complete, or desired degree of polymerization (DP) has been obtained. Microemulsions of high molecular weight silicone polymers with low polydispersity can be produced.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing high molecular weight, alternating polysiloxane copolymers, by solid-liquid phase, nonaqueous, interfacial polymerization. The copolymers consist of alternating siloxane repeating units of the (AB).sub.m type, such as diphenylsiloxane units and dimethylsiloxane units, alternately polymerized together to form the copolymer. The solid-liquid phase interfacial polymerization process is fast, proceeds smoothly at room temperature, and is not reversible, i.e., no cyclic siloxane species are generated. The resulting polysiloxanes can be formed into thermoplastic elastomers which are suitable for use as sealants, fillers, and films.

Abstract: Articles of manufacture, such as bulk composites, composite coatings, and composite films, can be prepared by exposing a gel to air, and allowing it to stand at room temperature to cure. The gel is obtained by mixing an organopolysiloxane sheet or tube polymer with an alkoxysilane. Organopolysiloxane sheet or tube polymers are obtained by contacting sheet or tube silicates with an organohalosilane and a solvent, and heating the mixture.

Abstract: Polysiloxane sheet or tube polymers having pendant siloxane groups are prepared by contacting sheet or tube silicates with halogen endblocked halosiloxanes represented by the formula: ##STR1## where X is chlorine, fluorine, bromine, or iodine; R1 to R7 are alkyl groups with 1-6 carbon atoms, aryl groups, alkaryl groups, or aralkyl groups; in which one of the groups R1, R4, and R5 can additionally represent X; and n has a value of 2 to about 20.

Abstract: A method of making siloxane-based polyamides which includes at least one repeating unit represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein X is a linear or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 alkylene chain; Y is a linear or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkylene chain; DP is an integer having a value of 10-500; n is an integer having a value of 1-500. The method involves heating an intimate reaction mixture containing an olefinic acid and an organic diamine at a temperature greater than 100.degree. C. and forming an organic diamide; and thereafter reacting the organic diamide with a hydride-terminated polydimethylsiloxane in the presence of a hydrosilylation catalyst to form the siloxane-based polyamide.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing an apophyllite-derived 3-cyanopropyldimethylsiloxy-5-hexenyldimethylsiloxy sheet polymer (A-CM.sub.2 -HEM.sub.2); an apophyllite-derived 3-cyanopropyldimethylsiloxy-vinyldimethylsiloxy sheet polymer (A-CM.sub.2 -VM.sub.2); and an apophyllite-derived 3-cyanopropyldimethylsiloxy-n-decyldimethylsiloxy sheet polymer (A-CM.sub.2 -DM.sub.2). These polymers form gels with simple polar solvents such as acetone and therefore can be easily processed. The first two of the polymers, i.e., A-CM.sub.2 -HEM.sub.2 and A-CM.sub.2 -VM.sub.2, form gels with polar solvents carrying olefinic linkages, and these gels can be crosslinked into sheet composites having fully exfoliated organosilicon sheets in an organic matrix.

Abstract: A method of thickening solvents involves reacting (A) an .ident.Si--H containing polysiloxane with (B) an alkene such as an alpha, omega-diene; conducting the reaction in the presence of a platinum catalyst and (C) a solvent; continuing the reaction until a gel is formed by crosslinking and addition of .ident.Si--H across double bonds in the alpha, omega-diene; adding additional solvent and a post cure terminating agent to the gel; and subjecting the solvent, the post cure terminating agent, and the gel to shear force until a paste is formed. The post cure terminating agent is an amino acid ester, preferably a sulfur containing amino acid ester, such as methionine methyl ester, methionine ethyl ester, cysteine methyl ester, cysteine ethyl ester, and cystine dimethyl ester.

Abstract: Gels, cast films, coatings, extruded rods, extruded fibers, compression molded discs, and machined compression molded discs, are made from organopolysiloxane sheet or tube polymers such as an apophyllite-derived 3-cyanopropyldimethyl siloxy sheet polymer of the formula [((NCC.sub.3 H.sub.6)(CH.sub.3).sub.2 SiO).sub.x (HO).sub.1-x SiO.sub.1.5 ].sub.n. Polymers are prepared by contacting sheet or tube silicates with an organohalosilane containing at least one polar group such as cyanoalkyl, acyloxy, or haloalkyl, in the presence of a polar solvent or a mixture of a polar solvent and a non-polar solvent; and heating the mixture until a polymer is formed.

Abstract: Dialkali metal organosilanolate and dialkali metal organosiloxanolate salts are manufactured from cyclic siloxanes or linear silicone polymers using a heterogeneous interfacial reaction process. A stoichiometric excess of an alkali metal hydroxide such as potassium hydroxide or an alkali metal oxide as a solid or dissolved or dispersed in a compatible solvent, is prepared and used as a first phase. The cyclic siloxane or linear silicone polymer is placed in a second phase either dissolved or dispersed in another solvent which is immiscible with the first phase. The resulting silanolate and siloxanolate salts can be used as monomers for solid-liquid phase and liquid-liquid phase interfacial polymerization or in a polycondensation process for the synthesis of alternating siloxane polymers. They can also be used as ring opening initiators for the base catalyzed polymerization of cyclic siloxanes.

Abstract: A composition contains (A) a silicone component which is an aqueous oil-in-water microemulsion containing a polysiloxane stabilized in the microemulsion by a cationic surfactant, and (B) a inorganic salt or an organic salt. The polysiloxane in the cationic microemulsion has a particle diameter of less than about 100 nanometer, preferably less than about 40 nanometer. The polysiloxane is a polydimethylsiloxane or an amine functional polysiloxane, preferably prepared by emulsion polymerization. The composition preferably contains at least about twenty percent by weight of the salt.

Abstract: A highly productive process for preparing cured silicone powder having a uniform particle size, in which a platinum-alkenylsilozane complex catalyst is added to a water-based dispersion of a silicone composition. The silicone composition is (i) an organopolysiloxane having at least two silicon-bonded alkenyl groups in each molecule, and (ii) an organopolysiloxane having at least two silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms in each molecule. The catalyst is added and dispersed in the form of liquid particles with an average particle size in volumetric particle size distribution in water of no more than one micron.

Abstract: A polyoxyethylene alkyl ether fatty acid amide modified organopolysiloxane composition is superior in terms of its feel in use, and in its surface-protecting characteristics, surface lubricating characteristics, and anti-static properties. The composition shows no degeneration over long periods of time. It is superior in terms of its mixing stability in cosmetic based agents, and in lustering agents, lubricating agents, defoaming agents, fiber treatment agents, and paint additives, and has a superior effect in improving their surface characteristics. The composition is a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether fatty acid amide modified organopolysiloxane composition containing an amidopolyether-modified organopolysiloxane and a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether fatty acid.

Abstract: A method of entrapping a water-soluble substance in vesicles formed from a surface active siloxane is carried out by dissolving the substance to be entrapped in water, adding the surface active siloxane, mildly agitating the mixture, and removing excess water and substance. Water-insoluble substances are entrapped in the vesicles by dissolving the substance to be entrapped in the surface active siloxane, and mildly agitating the substance and the siloxane. The surface active siloxanes consist essentially of tetravalent SiO.sub.2 units, and monovalent R.sub.3 SiO.sub.1/2 and R'R.sub.2 SiO.sub.1/2 units. The ratio of monovalent units to tetravalent units is from 0.4/1 to 2/1, and from 40 to 90% of all monovalent units are R'R.sub.2 SiO.sub.1/2 units. R is a monovalent hydrocarbon group with up to eight carbon atoms, and R' is a polyoxyalkylene group.

Abstract: A multiple emulsion of the type W.sub.1 /O/W.sub.2 is made by first preparing a primary emulsion W.sub.1 /O using a silicone fluid as the oil phase (O), and an elastomeric silicone polyether as an emulsifier, for dispersing water phase W.sub.1 into oil phase (O). The primary emulsion W.sub.1 /O is then added and dispersed into a final continuous water phase W.sub.2 to form a multiple emulsion W.sub.1 /O/W.sub.2. The multiple emulsions are useful for treating the hair, the skin, or the underarm areas of the human body. Vitamins or drugs can be included in the oil phase (O) or in either aqueous phase W.sub.1 or W.sub.2 to enhance the benefits of the multiple emulsions in personal care applications.

Abstract: A method of continuous emulsification that can emulsify high-viscosity organopolysiloxane gums and is capable of continuous mass production. A compounding extruder is used whose barrel 1 contains at least 2 mixing element-equipped shafts 3 installed in parallel. On each shaft elevations and depressions are formed along the axial direction and the elevations and depressions on respective shafts intermesh. Organopolysiloxane gum, emulsifying agent, and water are continuously supplied as starting materials to this compounding extruder, and an organopolysiloxane-in-water emulsion is produced by mixing and homogenizing the starting materials by subjecting them through rotation of the mixing element-equipped shafts to a shearing action at a shear rate of at least 10/second (i.e. 10 reciprocal seconds).

Abstract: The viscosity of a solvent is modified by thickening the solvent with a silicone latex. A silicone latex having a plurality of crosslinked polysiloxane particles is first prepared by mixing the siloxane polymer, a surfactant, and water; emulsifying the mixture to a gel phase; diluting the emulsion with water; adding a cure package (i.e., a catalyst, a crosslinker, or both, or a self catalytic crosslinker); and then without removing the water from the latex and after the particles of siloxane polymer in the latex have been cured, mixing the latex and solvent to thicken the solvent, forming viscous liquids, gels, and pastes. Water in the latex thickened solvent composition can be stabilized by adding a silicone polyether during mixing of the latex and the solvent.