Abstract: The heavy organic material contained in the liquid bottoms from the quench column of an acrylonitrile recovery and purification system is extracted therefrom using acetonitrile as the extractant.
Abstract: Certain multiply promoted Sn-Sb oxides are superior catalysts for the ammoxidation of olefins to the corresponding unsaturated nitriles, the selective oxidation of olefins to unsaturated aldehydes and acids, and the oxydehydrogenation of olefins to diolefins.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 1, 1980
Date of Patent:
July 13, 1982
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Co.
Inventors:
Robert K. Grasselli, Dev D. Suresh, James F. Brazdil, Frances I. Ratka
Abstract: A multi-stage evaporator is used to remove water from the extracted distillation or stripper tower bottoms recycled as quench liquid to the quench tower of an acrylonitrile purification and recovery system. This results in a significant decrease in the amount of waste quench tower bottoms produced by the system. Use of a multi-effect evaporator represents a significant energy savings as compared with other techniques for decreasing the water content of the recycle stream.
Abstract: In the recovery of acrylonitrile from the gross reaction product produced during the commercial ammoxidation of propylene to produce acrylonitrile, an ammoxidation waste gas containing at least 65% nitrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and a small amount of unreacted propylene is produced. In accordance with the invention, this ammoxidation waste gas is passed through a catalytic converter containing an oxidation or ammoxidation catalyst to convert the unreacted propylene into valuable product.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 5, 1981
Date of Patent:
June 15, 1982
Assignee:
Standard Oil Company
Inventors:
James L. Callahan, Wilfrid G. Shaw, David B. Terrill
Abstract: Catalysts containing iron, molybdenum, bismuth and nickel, cobalt, magnesium, zinc, cadmium, calcium or beryllium have been found to give especially large volumes of acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile in a given time when manganese, antimony, thorium, zirconium, yttrium or mixtures thereof are incorporated into the catalyst.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 27, 1978
Date of Patent:
April 27, 1982
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Company
Inventors:
Robert K. Grasselli, Dev D. Suresh, Harley F. Hardman
Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the conversion of tertiary-butyl-containing compounds to methacrylic derivatives, and more particularly to a process for the conversion of tertiary-butyl-containing compounds selected from the group consisting of alkyl tertiary-butyl ethers, tertiary-butyl alcohol, isobutylene dimer (2,2,4-trimethylpentene) and isobutylene trimer, to methacrolein, methacrylic acid or methacrylonitrile.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 9, 1977
Date of Patent:
April 6, 1982
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Co.
Inventors:
Harley F. Hardman, James L. Callahan, Robert K. Grasselli
Abstract: Oxide complexes comprising copper-promoted antimony phosphates have been found to exhibit significant catalytic activity in various oxidation-type reactions such as the ammoxidation of propylene to produce acrylonitrile.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 28, 1979
Date of Patent:
March 30, 1982
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Co.
Inventors:
Andrew T. Guttmann, Robert K. Grasselli
Abstract: Certain multiply promoted U-Sb-oxides are superior catalysts for the ammoxidation of olefins to the corresponding unsaturated nitriles, the selective oxidation of olefins to unsaturated aldehydes and acids, and the oxyde-hydrogenation of olefins to diolefins.
Abstract: Molybdenum-promoted antimony phosphates also containing at least one of tellurium and bismuth have been found to exhibit significant catalytic activity in various oxidation-type reactions.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 28, 1979
Date of Patent:
February 23, 1982
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Co.
Inventors:
Andrew T. Guttmann, Robert K. Grasselli
Abstract: Certain multiply promoted Sn-Sb oxides are superior catalysts for the ammoxidation of olefins to the corresponding unsaturated nitriles, the selective oxidation of olefins to unsaturated aldehydes and acids, and the oxydehydrogenation of olefins to diolefins.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 28, 1979
Date of Patent:
February 23, 1982
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Co.
Inventors:
Robert K. Grasselli, Dev D. Suresh, James F. Brazdil, Frances I. Ratka
Abstract: Catalysts with improved catalytic properties are produced by a novel process in which not all of the heat-decomposable salt in the pre-catalyst is driven off during pre-heating and the powdery pre-catalyst obtained by pre-heating is agglomerated by dropping a slurry of the powder onto a particle bed.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 5, 1978
Date of Patent:
February 16, 1982
Assignee:
Standard Oil Company
Inventors:
Arthur F. Miller, James L. Callahan, Wilfrid G. Shaw
Abstract: Oxide complex catalysts comprising Fe-Sb-Bi-O.sub.x promoted with a wide variety of different elements have been found to be especially useful in the ammoxidation of olefins to nitriles such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile. Not only are the desired nitriles obtained with high yields when these catalysts are used, but also the production of unwanted liquid byproducts such as acrolein, acrylic acid and acetonitrile is significantly reduced.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 28, 1979
Date of Patent:
January 5, 1982
Assignee:
Standard Oil Company
Inventors:
Dev D. Suresh, Robert K. Grasselli, David A. Orndoff
Abstract: The efficiency with which a sulfur getter such as limestone captures sulfur produced during combustion of a coal getter mixture is enhanced by intimately mixing the coal and the getter together in the form of an aqueous slurry also containing a gelling agent.
Abstract: An oxydehydrogenation process for producing indene and substituted indenes from indene precursors more saturated than indene is described and comprises contacting said precursor with oxygen and a catalyst comprising cobalt oxide and molybdenum oxide at an elevated temperature above about 300.degree. C. Preferably the reaction is conducted at a temperature of about 500.degree.-650.degree. C. for a period of from 0.1 to about 30 seconds.
Abstract: A process for the co-production of indene and styrene from a mixture of cyclopentadiene or dicyclopentadiene and butadiene is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of reacting cyclopentadiene or dicyclopentadiene with butadiene in a Diels-Alder reaction to form a mixture of tetrahydroindene, vinylcyclohexene and vinylnorbornene followed by the recovery of the tetrahydroindene and vinylcyclohexene, and the oxydehydrogenation of the tetrahydroindene/vinylcyclohexene mixture utilizing a composite catalyst comprising cobalt oxide and molybdenum oxide.
Abstract: A dehydrogenation process for producing indene and substituted indenes from tetrahydroindene or substituted tetrahydroindene is described and comprises contacting said tetrahydroindene or substituted tetrahydroindene with a catalyst comprising cobalt oxide and molybdenum oxide at an elevated temperature for a period of from about 0.1 to 30 seconds. The tetrahydroindene and substituted tetrahydroindenes may be prepared from cyclopentadiene or dicyclopentadiene and a butadiene.
Abstract: Cyclohexanone and/or cyclohexanol can be oxidized in the vapor phase to phenol by contacting the cyclohexanone and/or cyclohexanol with a suitable oxidation catalyst in the presence of molecular oxygen. Suitable catalysts are solids comprising Mo, W, Sb and/or V oxides or complexes thereof. The catalysts may be promoted with additional elements.
Abstract: In situ shale oil recovery from oil shale deposits using radio frequency energy as a heat generator is facilitated by rubblizing the shale oil deposits before application of radio frequency energy.