Abstract: Polyvinyl cyclic tertiary amine hydrocarbons having nitrogen in the ring as catalysts for chlorosilane disproportionation. The catalysts are suitable for continuous flow processes redistributing any one or more of SiHCl.sub.3, SiH.sub.2 Cl.sub.2, and SiH.sub.3 Cl.

Abstract: Gasoline compositions and additive mixtures containing compounds having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 -R.sub.6 are each independently selected from hydrogen or hydrocarbyl radicals in an amount sufficient to reduce exhaust hydrocarbon emissions from an internal combustion engine being operated on gasoline containing a cyclopentadienyl manganese antiknock. Preferred hydrocarbon exhaust emission reducing compounds are 1,3-dioxolane and the lower alkyl and alkenyl substituted derivatives thereof.

Abstract: Reaction of 3-phenoxytoluene with bromine at elevated temperature yields 3-phenoxybenzyl bromide, 3-phenoxybenzal bromide, or a mixture thereof. In contrast to teachings of the prior art, phosphorus halide catalysis or u.v. activation is not required to achieve a desirable amount of side-chain bromination with a minimum of nuclear halogenation. For example, it was observed that at 265.+-.5.degree. C., good yields of the desired benzyl and benzal bromide were obtained, but no nuclear halogenated by-product was detected by gas chromatography. The comparable chlorination is also effective.

Abstract: Dibromostyrene is stabilized against unwanted polymerization by incorporating therein a stabilizing amount of a phenylene diamine such as N,N,N',N'-tetramethylphenylene-p-diamine or N,N'-diethylphenylene-p-diamine.

Abstract: Dibromostyrene has a marked tendency to polymerize on storage. The induction period can be lengthened with the use of a stabilizing quantity of n-propylgallate. The induction period can be markedly prolonged when the gallate ester is admixed with phenothiazine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine, or 4-tert-butyl catechol.

Abstract: Diaryl ethers such as 3-phenoxytoluene are made by heating an aromatic hydroxy compound or mixture of such compounds with aluminum or an aluminum phenoxide forming compound such as aluminum trialkyl.

Abstract: Dibromostyrene has a marked tendency to polymerize on storage. The induction period can be lengthened with the use of a stabilizing quantity of n-propylgallate. The induction period can be markedly prolonged when the gallate ester is admixed with phenothiazine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine, or 4-tert-butyl catechol.

Abstract: Methyl groups on N-methyl aromatic amines are redistributed to ring positions by heating in contact with an aluminum anilide catalyst and a nickel, cobalt, molybdenum or titanium-containing cocatalyst. For example, N-methyl-o-toluidine forms a mixture containing substantial quantities of 2,6-dimethylaniline, 2,4-dimethylaniline, and 2,4,6-trimethylaniline.

Abstract: Small amounts of paraformaldehyde and a carboxylic acid are added to a reaction mixture of trialkylbenzene and 3,5-dialkyl-4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol to thereby increase the yield of the product: trialkyl-tris(3,5-dialkyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene. The reaction catalyst, sulfuric acid or a Friedel-Crafts catalyst, is not adversely affected by the additional ingredients.

Abstract: Dibromostyrene is stabilized against unwanted polymerization by incorporating therein a stabilizing amount of phenothiazine or a substituted phenothiazine such as 3,3'-dioctylphenothiazine. The phenolthiazine can be admixed with a dihydroxy aromatic compound such as 4-methyl catechol.

Abstract: Reaction of 3-phenoxytoluene with bromine at elevated temperature yields 3-phenoxybenzyl bromide, 3-phenoxybenzal bromide, or a mixture thereof. In contrast to teachings of the prior art, phosphorus halide catalysis or u.v. activation is not required to achieve a desirable amount of side-chain bromination with a minimum of nuclear halogenation. For example, it was observed that at 265.+-.5.degree. C., good yields of the desired benzyl and benzal bromide were obtained, but no nuclear halogenated by-product was detected by gas chromatography.

Abstract: Exhaust hydrocarbon emissions of an internal combustion engine being operated on gasoline containing a cyclopentadienyl manganese antiknock are reduced by the addition of a dimer or a trimer acid or mixture of a dimer and a trimer acid produced by the polymerization or condensation of an unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having between 16 and 18 carbon atoms per molecule to the gasoline.

Abstract: Process for preparing an aldehyde by hydrolysis of a monohalide and a dihalide, thereby obtaining a mixture of an alcohol and an aldehyde, and further reacting said mixture with manganese dioxide to convert said alcohol to said aldehyde.

Abstract: Methyl groups on o-methyl aromatic amine are redistributed to ortho positions by heating in contact with an aluminum anilide catalyst and a nickel, cobalt, molybdenum or titanium-containing cocatalyst. For example, o-toluidine forms a mixture containing an aniline, o-toluidine, 2,6-dimethylaniline, and 2,4-dimethylaniline.

Abstract: Polyurethanes can be produced using dihydroxyaromatic compounds as chain extenders. Preferred polyurethanes of this type are RIM (reaction injection molding) molded products or cast elastomers. The dihydroxyaromatic compounds are preferably selected from:I. dihydroxybenzenes and alkyl-substituted dihydroxybenzenes wherein the alkyl groups have up to about 6 carbon atoms and the total number of carbon atoms in the alkyl groups in said alkyl-substituted dihydroxybenzene is up to about 12 carbon atoms, andII. alkylene bridged, alkyl-substituted bisphenols wherein the alkylene bridge contains up to about 6 carbon atoms and the total number of carbon atoms in the alkyl groups attached to each benzenoid nucleus is at least one but does not exceed about 12;said dihydroxyaromatic compounds being further characterized by having no more than one tert-alkyl group on a position adjacent to any hydroxy group.

Abstract: Deposit formation in distillation units, particularly column reboiler units, associated with the separation and purification of dialkyl phosphorochloridothioates from a crude material containing oxygenated compound impurities, is inhibited by incorporating in the feed stock a minor proportion (generally about 0.05 to about 15.0 weight percent) of the condensation product of phenol, and preferably a high molecular weight alkylphenol, an aldehyde and an amine having a H--N< group.

Abstract: A process for the selective formation of ethanol and methyl acetate by contacting methanol, hydrogen and carbon monoxide with a catalyst comprising rhodium and iron in the reduced state deposited on a support of alumina containing a minor amount of an alkaline metal at reaction conditions correlated so as to favor the formation of a substantial proportion of ethanol and methyl acetate.

Abstract: Phenols with a methyl group substituted on the phenolic benzene ring, such as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, can be produced by reacting a halomethyl group substituted on a phenol such as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-chloromethylphenol, with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst, such as palladium.

Abstract: Deposit formation in distillation units, particularly column reboiler units, associated with the separation and purification of dialkyl phosphorochloridothioates from a crude material containing oxygenated compound impurities, is inhibited by incorporating in the feed stock a minor proportion (generally about 0.05 to about 15.0 weight percent) of an acylated amine prepared by reacting a hydrocarbon-substituted succinic compound with an alkylene amine or a hydroxyalkyl-substituted alkylene amine.

Abstract: Organic material is stabilized against oxidative degradation by the addition of a small amount of an antioxidant compound or mixture of compounds containing a central segment of one to about ten divalent o-hydrocarbyl phenyl groups (e.g. o-tert-butylphenol) bonded to each other through a methylene group and having terminal 3,5-dihydrocarbyl-4-hydroxybenzyl groups at each end. They are made by first condensing o-hydrocarbyl phenol with formaldehyde and then reacting the intermediate with 2,6-dihydrocarbyl phenol and formaldehyde.