Abstract: Sludge can be effectively removed from a lubricating oil by contacting the oil with a dispersant functional group immobilized on a substrate. This results in improved engine cleanliness and control of viscosity increases.

Abstract: The flammability of an aluminum complex grease can be reduced by incorporating a flame retardant amount of calcium oxide into the grease provided the calcium oxide has a Loss on Ignition value of less than 3.0.

Abstract: The addition of a metal alkoxyalkylxanthate and a metal thiophosphate to a lubricating oil results in an unexpected synergistic improvement in the antiwear performance of the oil. Nickel ethoxyethylxanthate and zinc dialkyldithiophosphate are most preferred additives.

Abstract: The addition of a thiodixanthogen and a metal thiophosphate to a lubricating oil results in an unexpected synergistic improvement in the antiwear performance of the oil. Octylthiodixanthogen and zinc dialkyldithiophosphate are most preferred additives.

Abstract: The addition of a metal alkoxyalkylxanthate, a dixanthogen, and a metal thiophosphate to a lubricating oil results in a synergistic improvement in the antiwear performance of the oil. Nickel ethoxyethylxanthate, diethoxyethyl dixanthogen, and zinc dialkyldithiophosphate are particularly preferred additives.

Abstract: The addition of an alkyl alkoxyalkylxanthate and a metal thiophosphate to a lubricating oil results in an unexpected synergistic improvement in the antiwear performance of the oil. Butyl ethoxyethylxanthate and zinc dialkyldithiophosphate are most preferred additives.

Abstract: The addition of certain aromatic substituted benzotriazole compounds to a lubricant imparts improved oxidation stability to the lubricant. The oxidation stability is particularly enhanced when the substituents on the substituted aromatic ring are strong electron donors.

Abstract: Hydroperoxides can be removed from a lubricating oil by contacting the oil with a heterogenous hydroperoxide decomposer. This extends the useful life of the oil and the equipment being lubricated. In a preferred embodiment, the hydroperoxide decomposer is incorporated on a substrate immobilized within the lubrication system of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A system for the substantial removal of polynuclear aromatic compounds from lubricating oil used to lubricate the engine of a motor vehicle comprising a sorbent located within the lubricating system and through which the lubricating oil circulates which is capable of removing substantially all of the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons from the lubricating oil. The sorbent is preferably activated carbon which may be impregnated with additives typically found in lubricating oils especially antioxidants, to prolong the useful life of the oil.

Abstract: C.sub.2 + hydrocarbons can be effectively converted to primarily unsaturated hydrocarbons and hydrogen using microwave radiation in the presence of at least one plasma initiator that is capable of initiating an electric discharge in an electromagnetic field.

Abstract: Distillate fuel compositions containing mono alkyl substituted derivatives of thiadiazole are effective in reducing the formation of intake valve deposits in internal combustion engines. Mono alkyl substituted derivatives of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole are preferred.

Abstract: This invention relates to a catalyst suitable for use in a fluid catalytic process and a method of using the catalyst on hydrocarbons containing one or more poison metal of vanadium or nickel to convert the hydrocarbons to lower boiling fractions. The catalyst contains a particulate and substantially water-insoluble strontium compound (in addition to a conventional zeolite and catalyst matrix) which reacts with and traps the metal poison to preserve the structure of the zeolite and, in addition, lowers the coke make and hydrogen production.

Abstract: Piston deposits resulting from neutralizing combustion acids present in the lubricating oil circulating within the lubrication system of an internal combustion engine are reduced or eliminated by first contacting the acids with a soluble weak base in the piston ring zone of the engine to form soluble neutral salts containing the weak base and the combustion acids. Thereafter, the neutral salts are contacted with a heterogenous strong base immobilized within the lubrication system by outside of the piston ring zone. The strong base displaces the weak base from the neutral salts, returning the weak base to the oil for recirculation to the piston ring zone for further use. The remaining strong base/combustion acid salts are immobilized as deposits with the strong base rather than on the piston. In a preferred embodiment, trioctadecyl amine is the weak base and zinc oxide is the strong base. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the weak base is incorporated on a substrate, preferably a cement binder.

Abstract: A method for improving the shear stability of a multipurpose grease containing(i) a lubricating oil,(ii) a lithium soap of an hydroxy fatty acid,(iii) a polyhydric alcohol having at least three hydroxy groups, and(iv) at least two metal hydrocarbylthiophosphate compounds in which the metal is different in at least two compounds,is disclosed which comprises incorporating at least a major portion of the polyhydric alcohol into the mixture of lubricating oil and lithium soap of an hydroxy fatty acid and before the metal hydrocarbylthiophosphate compounds are added during the grease preparation process. Preferred ingredients are 12-hydroxystearic acid, glycerol, antimony dialkyldithiophosphate, and zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.

Abstract: The presence of a minor amount of certain quaternary ammonium hydroxides in an engine lubricating oil has been found to be effective in reducing and controlling combustion chamber deposits and octane requirement increase in spark ignition internal combustion engines and in reducing oil consumption in diesel engines.

Abstract: An asphaltic composition having improved tensile properties is disclosed. Also disclosed is a method for producing said composition which comprises:A. contacting an asphalt with a mineral acid;B. contacting the acid modified asphalt thus formed with an oxygen-containing gas;C. adding a thermoplastic elastomer to the acid/oxygen modified asphalt thus formed; andD. adding an unsaturated functional monomer to the polymer modified asphalt.In a preferred embodiment, the asphalt is contacted with an oxygen-containing gas prior to and during contact with the mineral acid.

Abstract: A corrosion inhibitor for use in synthetic ester lubricating oils is disclosed which comprises an effective amount of:1. at least one aromatic amide; and2. at least one hydroxy substituted aromatic compound.The corrosion inhibitor thus formed is particularly useful in synthetic ester turbo lubricating oils.

Abstract: Paving binders, especially hot mix paving structures, may be modified to have both storage stability and increased creep resistance by the addition of copolymers of ethylene with vinyl acetate or lower alkyl esters of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid to the asphalt used in said binder, provided the asphalt has an asphaltene content of about 7 wt. % or less.

Abstract: Supported iridium-containing hydrocarbon conversion catalyst that are at least partially deactivated due to the deposition of carbonaceous residues thereon during contact with hydrocarbons are reactivated by (1) contacting the catalyst with a gas containing oxygen and a chlorinated compound at a temperature not exceeding about 425.degree. C. to burn a major portion of the carbonaceous residues from the catalyst, (2) contacting the partially carbonaceous residue depleted catalyst with a gas containing a chlorinated compound a temperature of at least about 460.degree. C. to increase the chloride content thereof, (3) contacting the chlorinated catalyst with a gas containing oxygen and a chlorinated compound at a temperature of at least about 460.degree. C.

Abstract: Metal palmitates have been found to give excellent antiwear properties to an engine lubricating oil. They are particularly effective when used in a complex with dimethyl sulfoxide.