Abstract: A process and an apparatus for removal of a lumen filler and/or other soluble residues from hollow filament bundles are described. The hollow filament bundles are first roughly cleaned by centrifuging, after which in a process preferably containing multiple steps they are cleaned by spraying and centrifuging. The first spraying step is preferably carried out in a pass-through mode and each of the additional steps under recirculation. After a constant concentration has been attained, the cleaning baths in each case are employed for a lower-order treatment step, the cleaning bath of the first spraying step being fed to a recycling process.

Abstract: A method for the use of a porous, preferably dimensionally stable, particulate material in a packed filter bed for separating a disperse liquid phase from a gas and/or separating a disperse liquid phase from a liquid, with the average size of the particles being in the range of from 0.1 to 10 mm and the internal surface area of the material being such that, after it has been filled with the disperse liquid phase to be separated and placed, as a packed bed, at a distance of from R to r from the center in a centrifuge rotating at an angular velocity w, for which it holds that0<w.sup.2 (R.sup.2 -r.sup.2).ltoreq.20 (rad/s).sup.2 m.sup.2,wherein w stands for the angular velocity (in rad/s) and R and r represent the largest and the smallest radius (in m), respectively, of the material in the centrifuge, at least 1% of the liquid will have been separated after 5 minutes, while at least 10% of the liquid will have been separated after 60 minutes is disclosed.

Abstract: A laminate that restrains organic vapors, aerosols, and biological agents, where at least one layer is implemented as a barrier layer, wherein the barrier layer is implemented from cellulose-based polymers over its entire surface and the laminate is water-vapor permeable, as well as to the application of the laminate in clothing articles such as work clothing, work safety clothing, military protective clothing, gloves, work shoes, head coverings, and sweat suits, and in construction components for delimiting spaces, tents, emergency shelters, and storage sites for toxic materials is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a waterproof shoe with a laminate positioned against the inner side of the outer layer, which includes at least one waterproof, water-vapour permeable interlining and a lining, where: the lower area of the laminate is essentially parallel to the underside of the outsole; the upper surface of the lower area of the laminate facing into the inner area of the shoe forms a continuous surface with the upper side of the outsole facing into the inner area of the shoe and is essentially parallel to the underside of the outsole; the lower area of the outer layer is joined to the laminate exclusively via the outsole; provisions for shaping are fitted in the toe and shank areas of the outsole.

Abstract: A hollow-fiber bundle containing at least one core bundle, where the core bundle contains at least three hollow fibers which are arranged around a carrier thread, with at least one winding thread wound around them, where the cross-sectional form of the carrier thread varies along the length of the core bundle is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to polyketone yarns of which the maximum tangential modulus at an elongation of more than 0.2% is at least 10 N/tex which display both high strength and, if so desired, a high elongation at break. The quality number, which is measured on a single filament out of a bundle of at least about 30 filaments spun simultaneously through one spinneret and given as .sigma., .epsilon., is higher than 85 mN/tex, preferably higher than 100 mN/tex. The quality number of a yarn spun through one spinneret of one or more holes is higher than 110 mN/tex, preferably higher than 120 mN/tex. The yarns are manufactured by extruding a solution of a linear polymer of alternating ethylene and carbon monoxide units in a resorcinol-containing solvent, after which the solvent is removed with the aid of methanol as coagulant.

Abstract: An apparatus for optical monitoring of at least one thread for irregularities, in particular for filament breaks in multifilament yarns, with a radiation source, a radiation detector, and a ray beam transmitted by the radiation source and received by the radiation detector and directed past the thread perpendicular to and at a defined distance to it, whereby the radiation source and radiation detector are situated next to the thread, characterized in that the radiation source and radiation detector are situated on the same side of the thread and that on the opposite side of the thread means for displaced reflection of the ray beam are situated such that the transmitted ray beam is directed past the thread on one side and the displaced reflected ray beam is directed past the thread on the other side, whereby the transmitted ray beam and the displaced reflected ray beam are as equidistant as possible from the thread and are at least approximately parallel to one another is disclosed.

Abstract: Filament-reinforced nonwoven-fabric sheeting reinforced by sheets of parallel reinforcement yarns integrated into the nonwoven-fabric sheeting, whereby a binder is used to bind the filaments A forming the nonwoven fabric to filaments B of the reinforcement yarns at the crossing points of filaments A and B, and to bind filaments B to each other at least at some points, wherein the filaments A of the nonwoven fabric are also bound to each other at their crossing points by the same binder is disclosed.

Abstract: Process for monitoring a moving yarn sheet by means of a light beam, photodetectors and an electronic analyzer, whereby the yarn sheet is guided via thread guide rods before and after the monitoring site and the shadowing of the light beam caused by an increase in thread thickness is directed perpendicularly to the direction of travel of the yarn sheet for detection by photodetectors, and evaluated and recorded by the electronic analyzer, characterized in that the intensity of a single light beam is detected by at least two photodetectors arranged in series in the direction of travel of the yarn sheet and in that the evaluation by the electronic analyzer is such that a recording only takes place when the shadowing is detected by one or more of said photodetectors following in the direction of travel of the yarn sheet with a time delay corresponding to the running speed of the yarn sheet is disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for applying a liquid to threads of a yarn sheet. The apparatus comprises multiple thread wetting elements, each of which has at least one thread guide groove for each thread. In the thread guide groove the thread travels with the liquid and each thread guide groove has one associated liquid feed bore or groove for supplying the liquid to the thread guide groove. The liquid feed bore or groove terminates in the thread guide groove. There is a liquid distributor which is implemented as a support to which the thread wetting elements are attached and which supplies liquid feed to each liquid bore or groove. The separation of adjacent thread guide grooves is 2 to 30 mm, and adjacent thread guide grooves are different distances from the liquid distributor such that the thread guide grooves are offset in an alternating manner.

Abstract: A waterproof laminated shaped element used as an insert for shoes of a cement-lasted design, including an outer layer, an insole, a lining and a waterproof, water-vapour permeable laminate including a functional layer and optionally a support layer, where a border section of the lower area of the laminate is turned back and bonded to the side having the functional layer such that the lining 3 abuts the edge of the border of the turned-back lower area of the laminate and the border section of the lower area of the laminate is bonded to the insole with a layer of adhesive is disclosed.

Abstract: A rigid rod polymer in which at least 50% of the recurring groups correspond to the formula; ##STR1## Included in the invention are processes for preparation of the above rigid rod polymer and using such polymer as well as compositions employing the above rigid rod polymer.

Abstract: A spun-bonded nonwoven composite web has randomly laid continuous matrix filaments (average linear density per filament less than 25 denier) and one or more continuous reinforcement filament (average linear density per filament which exceeds 20 denier and exceeds the average linear density per filament of said matrix filaments by at least 10 denier). The continuous matrix filaments are at least partially bonded together to form the web. The one or more continuous reinforcement filament is enmeshed in the web without substantially bonding to other filaments in the web, so as to exhibit pulled fiber behavior when the web is born.

Abstract: For producing woven fabrics for air bags and other industrial applications, an intermingled unsized synthetic filament yarn is used with a yarn titer of 100-1000 dtex. The individual filaments of the yarn have a titer not exceeding 5 dtex. The yarn exhibits a mean opening length of 2-10 cm, the coefficient K1 for the stability of the intermingling points of the yarn exceeds 0.6, and the coefficient K2 for the stability of the intermingling points of the yarn exceeds 0.3. This yarn can be used to manufacture industrial woven fabrics with the required properties, in particular woven fabrics for air bags, in a cost-effective manner.

Abstract: Uncoated fabrics for the production of airbags, particularly said airbags. There fabrics are thermally stable and set to a specific air permeability via the linear density-dependent choice of the numbers of threads and via a relaxation in a wet process. The fabric is constructed of yarns of polytetramethyleneadipamide having a yarn linear density of 200-500 dtex and a filament linear density <7 dtex. The fabrics produced have an air permeability <100 l/dm.sup.2 xmin. They offer security against thermal failure when used in manufacturing airbags.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for converting hydrocarbons in a hydrotreatment process (hydrodesulfurization and/or hydrodenitrogenization) and simultaneously cracking them, containing an alumina-silica-alumina carrier built up from alumina and silica-alumina, on which hydrogenation metals, such as molybdenum, nickel, and/or cobalt, have been provided and which also contains a catalytically active amount of boron, generally in the range of 1 to 20 wt. %. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of such a catalyst, with boron being provided ahead of the Group VIII component. The carrier material used may be made up of mixtures of alumina and amorphous silica-alumina or of mixtures of alumina and silica-coated alumina. The catalyst composition is highly suitable for converting vacuum gas oil into middle distillate oils by hydrotreating.

Abstract: A process for preparing a modified Y-zeolite, in which a NaY-zeolite is first subjected to an ammonium exchange, the resulting ammonium-exchanged zeolite is subjected to an aluminum exchange, the aluminum-exchanged zeolite is subjected to a steam calcination, and a phosphorus component is incorporated into the steam calcined zeolite, is disclosed. The modified Y-zeolite obtained by this process and an FCC catalyst containing the modified Y-zeolite are also disclosed. The FCC catalyst containing the aluminum-exchanged phosphorus-containing Y-zeolite prepared according to the present invention shows less coke make, and an improved selectivity to C.sub.3 olefins compared to FCC catalysts containing zeolites which have either been aluminum exchanged or contain phosphorus.

Abstract: To manufacture airbags comprising a contact fabric and/or a filter fabric it is proposed to use hollow fiber synthetic filament yarns having a hollow area fraction of 10-40%, based on the total cross-sectional area of the fiber. The closeness values are >72% for the contact fabric and 45-68% for the filter fabric. In addition to reducing the production costs, hollow fibers also make it possible to produce lighter fabrics. These have a beneficial effect on the working of an airbag.

Abstract: The invention relates to polyketone yarns of which the maximum tangential modulus at an elongation of more than 0.2% is at least 10 N/tex which display both high strength and, if so desired, a high elongation at break. The quality number, which is measured on a single filament out of a bundle of at least about 30 filaments spun simultaneously through one spinneret and given as .sigma...epsilon., is higher than 85 mN/tex, preferably higher than 100 mN/tex. The quality number of a yarn spun through one spinneret of one or more holes is higher than 110 mN/tex, preferably higher than 120 mN/tex. The yarns are manufactured by extruding a solution of a linear polymer of alternating ethylene and carbon monoxide units in a resorcinol-containing solvent, after which the solvent is removed with the aid of methanol as coagulant.

Abstract: An anti-vandalism layer, especially for application in vehicle seats, vehicle roofs, vehicle tarpaulins, tents, inflatable structures, wall facing, and similar objects having an incisible exterior layer and subject to vandalism, includes of a knit fabric having at least in part cut-resistant fibers such as aromatic polyamide fibers, gel-spun polyethylene fibers, or glass fibers is disclosed. In at least one thread system, the knit fabric contains a wire present in a thread system projecting from the surface of the knit fabric such that during subsequent gluing of the anti-vandalism layer to, for example, a textile flat structure, gluing tends to occur on this thread system.