Abstract: An algaecide composition having an improved ability to withstand photodecomposition comprising an aqueous solution containing a complex of a copper salt with an alkanolamine and an ammonium compound.

Abstract: A self-contained process for the treatment of liquid waste from a unit source which involves a flow of liquid waste purified in a heating zone, preferably an electrode boiler, by direct passage of an electric current through the raw waste, the water content thereof being converted to a water vapor and the total body of the waste becoming sterilized, the produced steam is condensed to water and returned to the water system of the unit for re-use, residual purified solid content of the stored waste is dried if to be used for fertilizer, the latent heat of the steam is utilized for either heating or cooling the unit and a portion of the sensible heat of the condensed vapor is utilized to preheat the effluent waste prior to the heating zone. The process is preferably continuous and may use automatic circulating means. It may be staged in one or more stages and pressurized for more efficient utilization of heat.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of dl-calcium pantothenate is described wherein an anhydrous calcium salt of B-Alanine in methanolic solution is reacted with dl-pantolactone directly in a one-step process. The salt of B-Alanine is prepared by reacting acrylonitrile with ammonia, the B-amino-propionitrile formed is hydrolyzed in 50% sodium hydroxide and the sodium salt reacted with a solution of calcium chloride in a liquid which will form an azeotropic mixture with water, any excess sodium hydroxide is neutralized with hydrochloric acid and the water removed by an azeotropic distillation. The reaction mixture is then taken up in methanol and reacted with the dl-pantolactone directly.