Abstract: Fungicidal compositions and methods comprising acylated aminosalicylamides (AASA) described herein. Novel amines and 3-nitrosalicylamides, and their use as pesticides and in the preparation of the antifungal AASA compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: 1-Alkyl-4-benzoyl-5-hydroxypyrazole compounds in which the benzoyl moiety is substituted in the 2-position with a halo, alkyl, or alkoxy group, in the 4-position with an alkylsulfonyl group, and in the 3-position with an optionally substituted phenyl group, for example, 1-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-(2-methyl-4-methyl-sulfonyl-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)benzoyl-5-hydroxypyrazole, were prepared and found to be useful for the control of a variety of broadleaf and grassy weeds. The compounds can be applied either preemergently or postemergently and can be used to control undesirable vegetation selectively in small grain crops and turf or non-selectively.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel 2-methoxyimino-2-(pyridinyloxymethyl)phenyl acetamide compounds with substituted ketal substituents on the pyridine ring, their use as fungicidal compounds, and their use in fungicidal compositions comprising at least one of the 2-methoxyimino-2-(pyridinyloxymethyl)phenyl acetamide compounds as the active ingredient.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for monitoring or controlling pests typically in an above-ground setting are provided, particularly those harmful social insects which live in colonies and communicate through chemical signals, such as termites. Included are a pest-edible matrix, a plurality of interchangeable housings, each defining an interior chamber capable of holding the matrix, means for removably connecting each of the housings to at least one other of the housings whereby the interior chambers are disposed in communication with each other through orifices defined in the housings, means for mounting at least one of the housings to a mounting surface proximate to the pests, whereby the housings may be detached from each other, rearranged, eliminated, supplemented, and reattached while the matrices are provided within an environment that has relatively restricted air movement and controlled moisture evaporation.

Abstract: Chloropyrimidine compounds, such as 4,6-dichloro-2-ethoxypyrimidine, were prepared in good yield and good purity from the corresponding hydroxypyrimidine compounds in the absence of organic solvents and with a reduced amount of phosphorus oxychloride by carrying out the reaction in the presence of a trialkylamine compound and phosphorus trichloride. The additions of hydroxypyrimidine compound and trialkylamine compound could be made in segments. The chloropyrimidine compounds produced were recovered in an improved manner by adding chlorine to convert the chlorophosphoric acid by-products and phosphorus trichloride to phosphorus oxychloride, diluting the mixture with additional chloropyrimidine compound and removing the phosphorus oxychloride by distillation, combining the residue with water and a base, distilling the trialkylamine compound from the resulting mixture, and removing the aqueous phase.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for monitoring or controlling pests typically in an above-ground setting are provided, particularly those harmful social insects which live in colonies and communicate through chemical signals, such as termites. Included are a pest-edible matrix, a plurality of interchangeable housings, each defining an interior chamber capable of holding the matrix, a device for removably connecting each of the housings to at least one other of the housings whereby the interior chambers are disposed in communication with each other through orifices defined in the housings, a device for mounting at least one of the housings to a mounting surface proximate to the pests, whereby the housings may be detached from each other, rearranged, eliminated, supplemented, and reattached while the matrices are provided within an environment that has relatively restricted air movement and controlled moisture evaporation.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods for monitoring and/or controlling pests, particularly termites. The apparatus employ one or more extractor means for selectively moving termite monitoring and/or termite baiting devices. Stations used for the monitoring or control of termites are comprised of a housing that contains combinations of stacked termite monitoring and/or termite baiting devices and one or more extractor means for selectively moving the monitoring and/or baiting devices. Another embodiment optionally includes a cup for holding the termite monitoring or termite baiting devices.

Abstract: 1-Alkyl-4-benzoyl-5-hydroxypyrazole compounds in which the benzoyl moiety is substituted in the 2-position with a halo, alkyl, or alkoxy group, in the 4-position with an alkylsulfonyl group, and in the 3-position with an optionally substituted phenyl group, for example, 1-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-(2-methyl-4-methylsulfonyl-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)benz oyl-5-hydroxypyrazole, were prepared and found to be useful for the control of a variety of broadleaf and grassy weeds. The compounds can be applied either preemergently or postemergently and can be used to control undesirable vegetation selectively in small grain crops and turf or non-selectively.

Abstract: Disclosed are herbicidal concentrate formulation compositions having reduced grass crop plant phytotoxicity comprising certain sulfonamide or sulfonylurea herbicides in admixture with a non-herbicidal organic or inorganic acid or mixture thereof in an amount sufficient to insure that during the post-emergent agricultural uses thereof in water diluted form the pH of the mixture is below about 5; also disclosed is the preparation of said compositions, aqueous formulations of said concentrate and the use of said formulations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel substituted guanidine and amidine compounds, their preparation and their use in the kill and control of fungal organisms which infest plants.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for producing germplasm of plant species exhibiting enhanced response to anther culture. The anther culture procedure itself is used as a selection criterion for genes favoring in vitro androgenesis. After subjecting anthers to standard anther culture regeneration procedures, the regenerated plants are intermated and self-pollinated to generate valuable genetic variability for improved culture response. The transfer of increased anther culturability to other selected germplasm is also possible.

Abstract: A controlled release and delivery system for a hydrophobic, water sensitive herbicide is produced by:(a) dissolving the herbicide in a volatile water-immiscible solvent;(b) introducing the solvent containing the herbicide dissolved therein to a latex dispersion comprising an aqueous continuous phase and polymeric discrete phase;(c) agitating the resultant mixture until the polymeric particles of the discrete phase absorb the herbicide; and(d) removing the solvent from the resultant mixture at reduced pressure.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a ribosome inactivating protein from maize. The protein is characterized by being in a single chain proRIP inactive form that can be converted into an active form by cleavage with proteases.

Abstract: An improved process for isolating A83543 factors from fermentation broth in which they are produced which comprises:a) adding an approximately equal volume of a water miscible, polar organic solvent to the fermentation broth, including the biomass thereof;b) separating the liquid phase of the resulting mixture from the biomass;c) adjusting the pH of the separated liquid phase to between about 7 and 13;d) applying the separated liquid phase directly to a column of nonfunctional, macroreticular polymer;e) eluting the A83543 components from the column with an aqueous solution of water miscible, polar organic solvent; andf) collecting the fractions containing A83543 components.

Abstract: 4-Haloquinazolines can be prepared by the halogenation of the corresponding 4-hydroxyquinazolines with a phosphoryl, thionyl or carbonyl halide in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a N,N-dialkylformamide. The reaction is catalyzed by the addition of soluble organic halide salts.

Abstract: New fermentation products A83543L, A83543M, and A83543N, N-demethyl derivatives thereof, and salts thereof, are useful for the control of insects. A83543PsaL1 is useful for the preparation of A83543 components. Methods for making A83543J, A83543L, A83543M, and A83543N by culture of Saccharopolyspora spinosa NRRL 18719 or NRRL 18720 are provided. Insecticidal and ectoparasiticidal compositions containing A83543L, A83543M, A83543N, and N-demethyl derivatives thereof are also provided.

Abstract: A process for the efficient manufacture of 2-alkyl-5-hydroxypyrimidines from relatively inexpensive raw materials is provided.The vapor phase condensation/cyclization of 1,3-diamino-2-propanol and an alkanecarboxylic acid produces an equilibrium mixture of 2-alkyl-5-hydroxytetrahydropyrimidine and 2-alkyl-5-(aminomethyl)oxazoline. After separation from the oxazoline, the tetrahydropyrimidine can be dehydrogenated under mild neutral conditions with manganese dioxide to produce 2-alkyl-5-hydroxypyrimidines.

Abstract: Stable, aqueous emulsion formulations of water-insoluble organic pesticides are formed from a mixture of (1) a water-insoluble organic pesticide, (2) a water based structured particle latex containing nonionic particles to which is bound a layer containing stabilizing pH independent ionic groups chemically bound at or near the surface of the polymer particles, and optionally a cosolvent and/or a cosurfactant for the pesticide. The resulting product is much more stable to coalescence than emulsions made with conventional surfactants.

Abstract: Anthranilic acids substituted in the 3- and/or 5-position are valuable intermediates for the production of agricultural chemicals. These substituted anthranilic acids can be obtained in good yield without undesirable isomeric byproducts by the oxidative ring-opening of dihydroquinolin-4-ones or quinolin-2,4-diones with t-butyl hydroperoxide in the presence of a base.