Abstract: A connecting structure reduces noise effects on an electronic device when hot docking the electronic device to mitigate against malfunctions. When a first electronic device having a first EMI shield is docked with a second electronic device having a second EMI shield, an ESD contact portion, which is connected to the second EMI shield and has higher in impedance than an EMI connecting portion, comes in contact with the first EMI shield earlier than the EMI connecting portion. Electrostatic charge carried on the first EMI shield moves slowly to the second EMI shield due to the high impedance of the ESD contact portion.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a reductant injection apparatus includes an injector attachment portion to which a reductant injector is coupleable. The apparatus also includes a perforated tubular portion coupled to the injector attachment portion. The perforated tubular portion includes an inlet, an outlet, and a diverging sidewall extending from the inlet to the outlet. Additionally, a plurality of perforations is formed in the sidewall. A reductant spray can be injected into the perforated tubular portion via the inlet. Further, a portion of a bulk exhaust gas stream can be diverted into the perforated tubular portion through the plurality of perforations, through the perforated tubular element, and out of the perforated tubular portion through the plurality of perforations. The portion of exhaust gas stream can then be rejoined with the bulk exhaust gas stream downstream of the perforated tubular portion.

Abstract: According to one exemplary embodiment, an apparatus is disclosed for estimating an NOx conversion efficiency of an SCR catalyst. The apparatus includes a catalyst degradation module for determining an SCR catalyst degradation factor and a NOx concentration module for determining an SCR catalyst inlet NOx concentration based on an interpretation of at least one NOx detector signal. Additionally, the apparatus includes an NH3 concentration module for determining an SCR catalyst inlet NH3 concentration, a temperature module for determining an SCR catalyst bed temperature of the at least one SCR catalyst, and a space velocity (SV) module for determining an exhaust gas SV for the SCR catalyst. A NOx conversion efficiency module calculates a NOx conversion efficiency value based at least partially on the SCR catalyst degradation factor, the SCR catalyst inlet NOx concentration, the SCR catalyst inlet NH3 concentration, the exhaust gas SV, and the SCR catalyst bed temperature.

Abstract: Described herein are various embodiments of an apparatus, system, and method for controlling the irrigation of an area. In one embodiment, an apparatus includes at least one sensor module that is configured to detect the soil moisture content of soil in an irrigation area. The sensor module is further configured to determine a rate of change of the soil moisture content based on the detected soil moisture content. A rate at which the sensor module detects the soil moisture content of the soil is based on the determined rate of change of the soil moisture content. The apparatus also includes a central control module that is configured to execute an irrigation event for an irrigation area if the detected soil moisture content reaches a moisture content lower threshold. The central control module also is configured to terminate the irrigation event for the irrigation area if the detected soil moisture content reaches a moisture content upper threshold.

Abstract: A pad for use with a rigid base plate is in a rectangular configuration. The pad has long front and back edges and short left and right side edges. The pad has upper and lower surfaces. The pad has an exterior lower sheet of pile-type microfiber material. The pad has an exterior upper sheet. In this manner a pocket is formed between the lower and upper sheets. The pad further has shammy material in the pocket. Mechanisms removably couple the upper surface of the pad to the lower surface of the base plate.