Abstract: A method of manufacturing a phase change memory device is provided. A first insulating layer having a plurality of metal word lines spaced apart at a constant distance is formed on a semiconductor substrate. A plurality of line structures having a barrier metal layer, a polysilicon layer and a hard mask layer are formed to be overlaid on the plurality of metal word lines. A second insulating layer is formed between the line structures. Cross patterns are formed by etching the hard mask layers and the polysilicon layers of the line structures using mask patterns crossed with the metal word lines. A third insulating layer is buried within spaces between the cross patterns. Self-aligned phase change contact holes are formed and at the same time, diode patterns formed of remnant polysilicon layers are formed by selectively removing the hard mask layers constituting the cross patterns.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel formulations comprising lipoic acid and hyaluronic acid and/or the derivatives thereof for use in the repair of chronic ulcers, the regeneration of damaged skin, the prevention of skin aging and, when administered by the systemic route, to treat peripheral neuropathies and intoxications by chemical and/or biological agents.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and apparatus for changing lip shape and obtaining a lip animation in a voice-driven animation, and relate to computer technologies. The method for changing lip shape includes: obtaining audio signals and obtaining motion extent proportion of lip shape according to characteristics of the audio signals; obtaining an original lip shape model inputted by a user and generating a motion extent value of the lip shape according to the original lip shape model and the obtained motion extent proportion of the lip shape; generating a lip shape grid model set according to the obtained motion extent value of the lip shape and a preconfigured lip pronunciation model library. The method for changing lip shape in a voice-driven animation includes an obtaining module, a first generating module and a second generating module. The solutions provided by the present invention have a simple algorithm and low cost.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the extraction and isolation of bioactive lignans with high yield and purity from Sesame oil by sequential extraction, crystallization, and saponification. The present invention provides a process for the production of highly pure bioactive lignan crystal, lignan enriched formulations with lignan content varying from 50 to 95% and with product flexibility and also at the same time preserve the starting raw material i.e. sesame oil.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a color filter substrate, performed by: preparing a color mask including a cyan transparent layer, a fuchsine transparent layer and a yellow transparent layer; preparing a color sensitive material substrate including a red sensitive emulsion cyan layer, a green sensitive emulsion fuchsine layer and a blue sensitive emulsion yellow layer; exposing the color sensitive material substrate using the color mask; and performing processes of development, bleaching, fixation and stabilization on the color sensitive material substrate.

Abstract: A lamp cover containing phosphor for providing white light emission is disclosed. The lamp cover is comprised of a light-partial-reflective cap structure providing the outer surface of the lamp cover, wherein the light-partial-reflective cap structure is composed of a plurality of light transparent layers and a plurality of vacuum layers that are stacked in an alternating manner from outside to inside, a supporting transparent cap structure providing the inner surface of the lamp cover, and a phosphor mixed structure mechanically supported by the outer surface of the supporting transparent cap structure, wherein the outer surface of the phosphor mixed structure is adjacent to the most inner vacuum layer of the light-partial-reflective cap structure. Once the lamp cover is combined with a phosphor exciting light source, the light-partial-reflective cap structure partially prevents phosphor exciting light from escaping from the lamp cover by using Fresnel reflection.

Abstract: In pneumatic non-load quick dual-speed hydraulic jack, the small of piston ring (17) of hydraulic pump cylinder integrates with pump body (19) and external ring of step pump core (14) to form movable assembly. The middle part of step pump core (14) is provided with pump core step interface (8) used for conversion of hydraulic speed. The step hole on the same axis of pneumatic valve block on special pneumatic valve structure is provided with washer (48), button (49), pneumatic valve core (45), compressed spring (68) and valve core fastness set. The pneumatic valve parts can replace the hydraulic quick pump structure partially when the high-pressure air source is available. High-pressure air delivered to the oil reservoir of the external sleeve (4) presses the hydraulic oil into the oil chamber of oil cylinder, and thus facilitates the quick lift of jack piston under light load or empty load.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for efficiently and dynamically allocating a bandwidth on a Time Division Multiple Access-based Passive Optical Network (TDMA PON).

Abstract: A thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) array substrate and a method of manufacturing a TFT-LCD array substrate are provided in the invention. The TFT-LCD array substrate comprises a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines formed on a substrate. A plurality of pixel regions are defined by the gate lines and the data lines. A pixel electrode, a first thin film transistor for controlling the charge of the pixel electrode and a second thin film transistor for controlling the pre-charge of the pixel electrode are formed in each pixel region.

Abstract: A clock receiver in a semiconductor integrated circuit includes a first clock buffer configured to buffer an external clock to generate a low frequency buffered clock in response to a first operation signal; a second clock buffer configured to buffer the external clock to generate a high frequency buffered clock in response to a second operation signal; and an internal clock generating unit configured to receive the low frequency buffered clock and the high frequency buffered clock, to control states of the first operation signal and the second operation signal and to generate an internal clock.

Abstract: A system for radio access in a wireless communication system, in which a number of RATs exist, includes: a RAS configured to share radio environment information and the RATs with an adjacent RAS using a macroband SPC, the RAS being reconfigurable in conformity with the RATs; and a RMS configured to transmit/receive the radio environment information and the RATs to/from the RAS using a microband SPC and access the RAS using the microband SPC, the RMS being reconfigurable in conformity with RAT of the accessed RAS.

Abstract: Provided is antenna having metamaterial and providing gain improvement and beamforming together. The antenna includes a resonator and a superstrate. A feed antenna is disposed in the resonator. The superstrate includes a conductive pattern on the resonator for improving gain and beamforming of the feed antenna.

Abstract: The invention provides the compounds of formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more compounds of formula I or intermediates thereof and one more of pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, vehicles or diluents. The invention further provides methods of preparation and methods of use of prodrugs including NO-releasing prodrugs, double prodrugs and mutual prodrugs comprising the compounds of formula I.

Abstract: Provided are a system and a method for measurement voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) quality of experience (QoE), and a compensation method, a method for measuring QoE for a VoIP telephone service in real time, and claiming after-treatment on the basis of the measurement quality. The present invention measures subjective or objective quality for an actually generated call, and allows the subjective or objective quality to be linked with after-treatment such as compensation.

Abstract: A method of scrubbing flue gases of two or more diesel engines and a scrubber for scrubbing flue gases of two or more diesel engines. The scrubber (1) comprises scrubbing means (3) for scrubbing the flue gases, and conduits (4) for conveying the flue gases to said scrubbing means (3) to be scrubbed in the same scrubbing process. The different flue gas flows are arranged to be conveyed in separate conduits (4) all the way to the scrubbing means (3).

Abstract: The present invention provides a time-frequency code spreading method in an OFDMA system. The method includes: converting a transmission message into one or more modulating signal vectors, and each bit of the transmission message is spread onto all vector elements of a modulating signal vector; mapping one or more modulating signal vectors to a set of time-frequency grids, wherein in an OFDMA time-frequency plane, two time-frequency grids to which any two vector elements in each modulating signal vector are mapped do not have the same frequency location or time location. In addition, the present invention also provides a time-frequency code spreading apparatus in an OFDMA system.