Abstract: A system (100) and method (300) detect the presence of a narrowband signal having a bandwidth ?F2 in a wideband frequency channel having a bandwidth ?F1>?F2. The method (300) includes digitizing (310) a signal received in the frequency channel; transforming (320) the digitized signal into N digital frequency domain components; averaging (330) the power spectrum of the N digital frequency domain components over a plurality of samples; filtering (340) the averaged power spectrum of the N digital frequency domain components with a filter having M non-zero values spanning a bandwidth, ?F3, where N>M and ?F1>?F3; computing (350) a mean, ?k, a modified standard deviation, ?k, and a peak value, PMAX of the filtered, averaged power; and detecting (360) the presence of the narrowband whenever PMAX>(k1*?k)+(k2*?k), where k1 and k2 are selected to provide a probability of detection, a probability of missed detection, and a probability of false alarm.

Abstract: A synchronization sequence (preamble) that is known to the receiver forms as an integral part of packet-based digital communication systems. The first operation in such digital communication systems is the detection of the beginning of a valid signal (packet). A system, apparatus, and method for a scheme to robustly detect the preamble are provided having a hierarchical cross-correlator in combination with a second stage delayed auto-correlator using the output of the cross-correlator as an input to the second stage correlator.

Abstract: Wireless microphone signals are detected by processing an input signal to determine a number of frequency bins within a channel frequency band having an energy level above a first predefined threshold (S510); identifying locations of the frequency bins having an energy level above the first predefined threshold, when the number of bins is greater than zero (S520, S530); for each frequency bin having an energy level above the first predefined threshold, processing signals within a narrow frequency band of the frequency bin (S570); determining a number of signal peaks within the narrow frequency band that are above a second predefined threshold (S575); and generating a message indicating a presence or an absence of a microphone signal based on the number of signal peaks (S590, S595).

Abstract: A method for generating preamble structures to be used in multi-mode wireless communication systems. The method includes generating a basic element sequence in a predefined length, wherein the basic element sequence has a circularly orthogonal property; generating a type-A preamble by repeating the basic element sequence a number of predefined times; and generating a type-B preamble by adding respective values of real parts to values of imaginary parts of elements in the type-A preamble. The type-A preamble and type-B preamble are cross-correlated.

Abstract: A system and method of operating a radio communication system uses a random access channel to enable a secondary station to transmit a message to a primary station. The secondary station transmits a preamble to the primary station. After successful receipt of the preamble the primary station transmits a control channel including power control information to instruct the secondary station to adjust the output power of its transmitter. This ensures that the secondary station transmits at a sufficient power for the message to be received successfully by the primary station, while minimizing interference generated by the transmission.

Abstract: A wireless system and method including a medium access control (MAC) layer adapted to transmit and receive spectrum management commands for wireless devices operating in restricted channels.

Abstract: A network information apparatus (400), system (100) (200) and method for distributing network information in a multi-channel (MC) wireless network (100) (200), comprising a network information module (400) that implements inter-channel communication of network information in an MC network according to a pre-determined network information sharing procedure and keeping an own cache (401) of each node refreshed and free of out-of-date information, and, for an active proxy-based sharing procedure thereof only, adapting to changes in node/channel associations, suppressing duplicate inter-channel information, and synchronizing own clocks (404) of each node.

Abstract: The system (700), apparatus (600), and method of the present invention provide an hierarchical pseudo-circularly symmetric and full circularly symmetric training sequence structure (100) for high-speed communication system. The hieratical pseudo-circularly symmetric part (101) is preferably used for burst detection, coarse frequency and timing error estimation and AGC gain setting. The full circularly symmetric part (102) is preferably used for channel estimation, fine frequency error estimation. The resulting sequence has a very good peak-to-average power (PAPR) property, making it suitable for many applications. The bandwidth efficiency is also improved due to using symmetric sequences.

Abstract: A display device (200) configured to provide two-dimensional and three dimensional perception. The device comprises a display panel (230), a backlight arrangement (201) and control circuitry (232). The backlight arrangement comprises a first layer (210) in the form of an optically clear lightguide, a birefringent second layer (202) and a third layer (204). At least one interfacing surface between any two of the layers comprises a microstructure (206) in the form of a plurality of essentially parallel structures extending in a direction of extension (x) of the structures. The device further comprises first (218) and second (219) light sources that are configured to emit light into the lightguide in a first (z) and a second direction (-z), respectively. The first and second directions are essentially opposing directions and the first and second directions are essentially perpendicular to the direction of extension of the microstructure.

Abstract: A drive method and apparatus is provided for a 2D/3D autostereoscopic display with a switchable lens array having an electrically switchable refractive index, between an array of row electrode lines and an array of column electrode lines to control the switching of the lens elements. The drive signals comprise: a row select voltage waveform (Rsw), —a column select voltage waveform (Csw), —and a common row and column de-select voltage waveform (Vbase). The waveforms each comprise a substantially square wave voltage waveform, each waveform having the same period. The three waveforms are time staggered with respect to each other with a phase shift of 2/3 or 4/3 between each waveform and each other waveform. This arrangement provides polarity inversion voltage waveforms when switching voltages are applied to the lens elements, and with maximized RMS voltage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for characterizing acoustical properties of an outer ear 130, the method comprising the steps of: transmitting a first acoustic signal 125 towards the outer ear 130, receiving a second acoustic signal 150 from the outer ear 130, and characterizing acoustical properties 165 of the outer ear on the basis of the second acoustic signal 150. The method is characterized in that the first acoustic signal 125 comprises at least one of the following elements: music, and speech. The present invention further relates to a method and apparatus for enrolling, authenticating and identifying a person on the basis of acoustical properties of an outer ear 130.

Abstract: An electroholographic display system (300, 700) includes: a coherent light source (330, 730); a spatial light modulator (SLM) (320, 720) that modulates a coherent collimated light beam; and a processor and driver unit (310, 710) that generates hologram data and applies appropriate voltages to the pixels of the SLM to modulate the coherent collimated light beam with the hologram data and to suppress a zeroth order component of the modulated light beam at an image plane where the holographic image is reproduced. The processor and driver unit suppresses the zeroth order component of the modulated light beam by selecting the voltages to apply to the pixels of the SLM to cause a first group of pixels to provide a phase shift of 180 degrees to first portions of the collimated light beam with respect to portions of the collimated light beam modulated by a second group of pixels.

Abstract: The present invention provides a plurality of embodiments for beamforming in an asymmetrical system wireless communication system (400) of NT (102i) transmit antennae and NR (104j) receive antennae where NT>NR that ensure the transmit power on each antenna is the same, without appreciable loss in performance. Additionally, a technique is provided for choosing fewer beamforming vectors than frequency bins in an OFDM system.

Abstract: A wireless system and method including a medium access control (MAC) layer adapted to notify a wireless station of the presence or absence of an incumbent wireless are described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for contacting a flexible sheet to a first element with improved lateral alignment. The method includes a step of measuring a first lateral misalignment after establishing a first contact between the flexible sheet and either of the first element and a sheet parking surface called anchor in the first stage. If the 5 misalignment exceeds a predetermined threshold the flexible sheet is parked at the anchor such that it is not in contact with the first element, and the relative position of the first element and the anchor is altered during the second stage for correcting the mismatch during a contact between the flexible sheet and the first element to be established within the next step of the method. During the steps of shifting the contact point to obtain the second stage 10 the contacting process is more accurate and reproducible than the process for establishing the initial contact.

Abstract: A device (1) for transferring a pattern (12) from a stamp (10) to a substrate (20) comprises a table (22) for supporting a substrate (20), a flexible stamp (10) and a movably arranged body (25) having a pressure chamber (27) for exerting pressure on a portion of the stamp (10), so that the portion is pushed toward the substrate (20) and contacts the substrate (20). During a pattern transferring process, the body (25) is moved. As a result, adjacent portions of the stamp (10) successively go through a process of being pushed toward the substrate (20), getting in contact with the substrate (20), and being allowed to move back in place again. In this way, it is achieved that the pattern (12) of the stamp (10) is transferred to the substrate (20), without the introduction of vibrations, so that the transfer of the pattern (12) takes place in a highly accurate fashion.

Abstract: The application describes a method to merge two wireless networks in which each terminal gets a beacon slot within the beacon period. In order to merge two networks, the beacon slots have to be time-coordinated such that the beacon slots of the first network are completed before the beacon slots of the second network begin. The method includes transmitting a beacon frame having a beacon period switch information element which instructs the neighboring terminals in the first network of the need to merge, provides clock synchronization information; provides the time of the merge; and informs the neighboring terminals which beacon slot to occupy in the beacon period of the merged network. In order to deal with hidden terminals, the information needs to be forwarded terminal-to-terminal within each network.

Abstract: A method of operating a network node of a network, a network node, a network system, a computer-readable medium, and a program element A method (300) of operating a network node (101-104) of a network system (100), comprising the steps of generating (305) a signal to be transmitted, selecting (310) one of a plurality of communication channels (105-108) of the network system (100) for transmitting the signal, and, in case that the selected channel (105-108) is not ready for transmitting the signal, selecting (345) another one of the plurality of communication channels (105-108) for transmitting the signal.

Abstract: A method for forming a sealed cell structure is disclosed. The sealed cell structure comprises first (10) and second (12) substrates that are spaced apart by a plurality of partition walls (14). The partition walls define a plurality of cells (18, 19) between the first and second substrates. At least one of the substrates and the partition walls have a layer (16, 22, 30) of photo-embossing material on them. A latent image is written (112) onto the photo-embossing material, and then the image is developed, thereby causing expansion of the photo-embossing material in the areas (114) according to the pattern of the latent image. The expansion of the photo-embossing material causes the cells to be sealed apart from one another.

Abstract: The present invention is a system (1200), base station (1100)/customer premise equipment (1150) apparatus, and method (400 450) for a two-stage quiet-period management mechanism that provides the required protection to incumbents (primary spectrum users) while supporting the desired QoS of secondary users participating in a cognitive radio network. In the first stage, a simple fast sensing (301) is done (e.g., energy detection) by all devices in the network. Depending on the result of the fast sensing, the second and possibly longer stage, herein termed fine sensing (302), is performed.