Abstract: An optical disk substrate with a central hole is disclosed in the invention. The optical disk substrate includes: a first annular area for clamping, which surrounds the outer edge of the central hole and includes a first upper surface and a first lower surface thereon; and a second annular area for forming an information storing area, which surrounds the outer edge of the first annular area and includes a second upper surface and a second lower surface thereon; besides, the first lower surface and the second lower surface are on the same plane, whereas the first upper surface is higher than the second upper surface. Moreover, an optical disk that applies the optical disk substrate and a method for forming the optical disk are also disclosed in the invention.

Abstract: An approach to enhance the noise immunity of high-speed digital signals by means of a resonance-free environment is developed. Resonance detuning is achieved by appropriately reshaping the layout of the power/ground planes. Resonant properties of the power distribution system, including resonant frequencies and field distribution profiles, were characterized with frequency-domain simulations. Analysis of the resonant field profiles reveals that the electric field distribution of the dominant mode normally concentrates in the vicinity of the plane edge. Therefore, resonance can be effectively tuned out of the operating frequency range through boundary configuring. In addition, it is shown that variation of the quality factor with the external probe position provides a means to monitor and construct the resonant field distribution. Physical mechanism responsible for this unique property is clarified from the perspective of probe coupling.

Abstract: An optical system for enhancing the image contrast and shortening the back focal length of a projection display is disclosed, which includes a light source, a light path switching device, and a total internal reflection (TIR) prism set disposed between the light path switching device and the projection lens. The light path switching device has a first mode of operation for directing the light towards a projection lens and a second mode of operation for directing the light away from the projection lens. The TIR prism set includes a first prism, a second prism and a third prism; a first gap is formed between the first prism and the second prism, and a second gap is formed between the first prism and the third prism.

Abstract: A tripod includes a supporting base for positioning, a rotary camera platform assembly fastened pivotally with the supporting base, a driving mechanism adapted to rotate the camera platform assembly alternatively forwards and backwards on the supporting base, and a control mechanism adapted to control rotation of the camera platform assembly within a predetermined range of angles, the control mechanism including a graduation dial for rotary motion with the camera platform assembly, two micro switches, a trigger rod mounted in the supporting base between the micro switches and adapted to trigger the micro switches alternatively during operation of the driving mechanism for enabling the driving mechanism to be alternatively controlled by the micro switches to rotate the camera platform assembly forwards and backwards.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising an acoustically resonant ultrasound launcher is provided for cleaning of optical fiber connectors and other optical fiber parts. The resonant ultrasound launcher is designed to transfer and to focus ultrasonic energy from an ultrasound transducer to a relatively small target area with high intensity. Specially designed fluid flow channels allow this apparatus to efficiently clean optical fiber connectors with an exposed end surface or with an end surface concealed in a connector adapter. Circuitry is provided to automatically track the frequency to enhance the ultrasound generation. Another circuitry is provided to program the sequence of the cleaning process, including washing, rinsing and drying.

Abstract: A light emitting diode package structure includes an insulating carrier base formed with a recess or a through hole. The recess or the through hole has a depth enough for completely accommodating a light emitting diode. The recess or the through hole may have two stepwise portions for providing two intermediate mesa planes. Two planar metal layers are separately formed on the two intermediate mesa planes and, respectively, connected to two metal pads which are arranged outside of the recess or the through hole. Two wiring lines connect two electrodes of the light emitting diode with the two planar metal layers, respectively. A resin fills the recess or the through hole for sealing all of the light emitting diode and the two wiring lines.

Abstract: An optical collimator is provided for ready fitting to an optical device with precise optical alignment, to obviate the need for adjusting the collimator during assembly to the optical device to compensate for a translational offset and an angular deviation. In an embodiment, the collimator has a sleeve with an outer cylindrical surface that is concentric with the output optical path, which has a translational offset and an angular deviation with respect to the collimator axis. A method is provided for making such a collimator for ready fitting to an optical device with precise optical alignment. In an embodiment, a portion of an outer sleeve of the collimator is removed according to the offset and the deviation to form an outer cylindrical surface that is centered about an axis which coincides with the optical path emanating from the collimator, to allow the collimator to be readily fitted to an optical device.

Abstract: An optical collimator is provided for ready fitting to an optical device with precise optical alignment, to obviate the need for adjusting the collimator during assembly to the optical device to compensate for a translational offset and an angular deviation. In an embodiment, the collimator has a sleeve with an outer cylindrical surface that is concentric with the output optical path, which has a translational offset and an angular deviation with respect to the collimator axis. A method is provided for making such a collimator for ready fitting to an optical device with precise optical alignment. In an embodiment, a portion of an outer sleeve of the collimator is removed according to the offset and the deviation to form an outer cylindrical surface that is centered about an axis which coincides with the optical path emanating from the collimator, to allow the collimator to be readily fitted to an optical device.

Abstract: A digital signal processor includes a byte direct memory access (DMA) controller and an external memory controller, both of which are coupled to each other. The external memory controller is coupled to a byte memory and other external memories through a common data bus. The byte DMA controller performs a byte DMA operation to the byte memory through the common data bus by controlling the external memory, thereby avoiding an additional data bus. As a result, the digital signal processor according to the present invention has less connecting terminals and achieves a size reduction.

Abstract: A rail car supplementary brake and energy reclamation and power generating system is disclosed to include a motion unit, the motion unit having a pulley block connectable to the rail car and movable along a track in the rail of the rail car, an energy accumulator unit formed of a spiral power spring mechanism and a pull rope and connected to the pulley block and adapted to reserve elastic energy when the pulley block is pulled by the rail car, a power generator, and a transmission mechanism coupling the pull rope and the spiral power spring mechanism to the power generator for driving the power generator to generate electricity when the pull rope is pulling the spiral power spring to reserve elastic energy as well as when the spiral power spring is the reserved elastic energy.

Abstract: A light emitting element array module includes a board; a silicon base having a first side, a second side opposite to the first side and adhered to the board, a third side having a first angle with the second side, a fourth side substantially in parallel with the first side and having a second angle with the third side, and a fifth side having a third angle with the fourth side; a chip having a first main surface formed with at least one light emitting element array and at least one pad array, and a second main surface adhered to the board; a driving device adhered to the first side of the silicon base; and a plurality of metal wires for connecting the pad array to the driving device.

Abstract: An adjustable apparatus holder used in a carrier and adapted to hold a personal electronic apparatus is disclosed to include a base panel, a first side plate slidably coupled to the base panel at one side, a second side plate pivoted to the base panel at an opposite side and held in a vertical position by springs, and a locking mechanism, which locks the first side plate when the second side plate is maintained in the vertical position, or unlocks the first side plate when the user tilts the second side plate.