Abstract: In order to prevent microcurvatures in the optical fibers when the cable is subjected to temperature variations in the range from approximately −40° C. to approximately +85° C., a cable with N optical fibers (FO) each having a core (1) and a coating (2) with coefficients of thermal expansion/compression &agr;1 and &agr;2, Young's modulus in traction E1 and E2 and sections S1 and S2 comprises a retaining sheath (3) enveloping the optical fibers buried in a filling material (4) having a coefficient of thermal expansion/compression &agr;4, Young's modulus in traction E4 and section S4. The sheath (3) satisfies the condition: (&agr;3.E3.S3)≦[(&agr;1.E1.S1)+(&agr;2.E2.S2)](N/14)+(&agr;4.E.4.S4) in which &agr;3, E3 and S3 are respectively the coefficient of thermal expansion/compression, the Young's modulus in traction and the section of the sheath.