Abstract: Pitch multiplication is performed using a two step process to deposit spacer material on mandrels. The precursors of the first step react minimally with the mandrels, forming a barrier layer against chemical reactions for the deposition process of the second step, which uses precursors more reactive with the mandrels. Where the mandrels are formed of amorphous carbon and the spacer material is silicon oxide, the silicon oxide is first deposited by a plasma enhanced deposition process and then by a thermal chemical vapor deposition process. Oxygen gas and plasma-enhanced tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) are used as reactants in the plasma enhanced process, while ozone and TEOS are used as reactants in the thermal chemical vapor deposition process. The oxygen gas is less reactive with the amorphous carbon than ozone, thereby minimizing deformation of the mandrels caused by oxidation of the amorphous carbon.

Abstract: An information processing device includes: a correction coefficient holding unit configured to hold a correction coefficient which is a ratio between the position of a control target at a start time of control operation, and a detection signal indicating the control result of the control target; an initial-value-compensation matrix holding unit configured to hold an initial-value-compensation matrix for performing compensation of the initial value of a control computing unit for computing control output for controlling the control target from the detection signal based on the position and speed of the control target; and an initial-value generating unit configured to correct the position and speed of the control target at a start time of control operation with the correction coefficient, and employ the position and speed of the control target after correction, and the initial-value-compensation matrix to generate an initial-value-compensation value for compensating the initial value of the control computing u

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided that gather a patient's body tissue and then secure the gathered tissue in a reduced area utilizing a securing structure. The securing structure mainly resides on one side of the tissue to minimize or eliminate both foreign material and the amount of manipulation or activity on the other side of the tissue. The securing device is matched to the desired amount of tissue manipulation to minimize the structure. The gathered and secured tissue can surround a septal defect to obstruct or close the defect itself.

Abstract: A cross-point semiconductor memory device includes: a plurality of first wirings extending in a first direction; a plurality of second wirings positioned on a layer different from the first wirings to extend in a second direction different from the first direction; and memory parts provided in overlap areas of the first wirings and the second wirings, wherein the odd-numbered first wirings and the even-numbered first wirings are arranged on different insulating interlayers in an up-down direction.

Abstract: A folding seat comprising a base and a back hinged thereto, in which the base comprises an open topped container defining an inner storage space, in which in a first arrangement the back is folded onto the base, and a closed container is formed, and in which in a second arrangement the back is unfolded from the base and a seating or lying platform is formed.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for the safety monitoring of a dialyzer including at least one holder for holding a container for a powdered substance in which the holder includes a supply end for supplying a liquid to the container and a delivery end for delivering liquid containing the powdered substance from the container to a concentrate pump. The apparatus includes a first supply conduit for supplying water to the supply end of the holder for delivery to the container, a first delivery conduit for delivering the water containing the powdered substance from the delivery end of the holder to the concentrate pump, and a second supply conduit which is connectable to either the delivery end of the holder or to the first delivery conduit. Methods for the safety monitoring of dialyzers are also disclosed.

Abstract: In construction of a contact-type ozonizer, one or more discharge electrodes are arranged substantially upright on a planar dielectric facing an electric field via magnetic attraction. Magnetic attraction provided stable and strong hold on the discharge electrodes without posing any excessive mechanical stress on the dielectric, upright arrangement of the discharge electrodes facilitates high rate of heat radiation and oxygen seizure is carried out in the most intensive zone of a magnetic field.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for making display boxes having windows made of substantially rigid plastic material. The boxes comprise substantially rigid opaque material, such as paperboard, in combination with substantially rigid plastic material. The substantially rigid plastic material includes at least one fold line or groove which cooperates with a fold line in the opaque material when the box is set up. The present invention provides a method and means for making such boxes in a single machine from a supply of blanks of the opaque material and a roll of ungrooved plastic material. The machine comprises means for feeding of the opaque blanks, feeding of a length of the plastic material, means for least one groove in the length of plastic material, means for forming at cutting the grooved plastic material into sheets, and means for juxtaposing and joining the blanks of opaque material and the cut plastic sheets of material.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved box and display package made of plastic and paperboard, or plastic and another type of substantially rigid, self-supporting material.

Abstract: A chair having a seat section, a base section and a support structure interconnecting the seat and base sections for rockably supporting the seat section relative to the base section is disclosed. The support structure includes a resilient member that is generally W-shaped, as viewed in plan, and generally U-shaped, as viewed in elevation. The resilient member includes first and second transversely spaced outer legs fastened to the seat section, and first and second inner legs positioned intermediate the first and second outer legs, when viewed in plan. The inner legs are fastened to the base section. In the preferred embodiment the base section includes upper and lower portions which are pivotable relative to one another. In this case the first and second inner legs are fastened to the upper portion of the base section so that the seat section may be swiveled relative to the lower portion of the base section.

Abstract: A receptacle for use in compacting liquid-laden asbestos-containing material to separate the liquids therefrom, the receptacle being adapted to be compacted within a compactor, wherein the receptacle is liquid permeable and capable of retaining a substantial portion of the asbestos-containing material when compacted within the compactor so that a quantity of the liquids are separated from the asbestos-containing material and expelled from the receptacle when the receptacle is compacted within the compactor. A method for separating liquids from liquid-laden asbestos-containing material comprising collecting liquid-laden asbestos-containing material in a liquid permeable receptacle capable of retaining a substantial portion of the asbestos-containing material when the receptacle is compacted, and then compacting the receptacle so that a quantity of the liquids are separated from the asbestos-containing material and expelled from the receptacle.

Abstract: Shuttle valves are disclosed including a housing with an inlet and two outlets and with a self-aligning valve therein which includes a seat for closing one of the outlets. The seat includes a valve disc with a spherical seating surface corresponding to the surface of the outlets, and the valve disc includes a stem which has an axes aligned with the radius of the spherical seating surface. The valve includes an actuator for selectively closing one of the outlets with the seat by moving the seat along a predetermined path between the two outlets and transversely to that path into seating engagement therewith.

Abstract: A method for determining sorption isotherms of food by inverse chromatography comprising the steps of passing a mobile phase having a known solute concentration and at a known flow rate through a stationary phase comprising a known mass of food at a known temperature, measuring the concentration of solute in the mobile phase leaving the food, determining the amount of solute which has entered the food at selected intervals from the known concentration, known flow rate and time elapsed from the beginning of the passing step, determining the amount of solute which has passed downstream of the food at selected intervals from the measurement of the concentration of the solute, and determining the amount of solute at selected intervals taken up by the food from the difference in the amounts determined above.

Abstract: In construction of a peripheral-magnetization type magnetic encoder having a rotary spindle and a magnetic head, a resin housing is formed by insert moulding so as to embrace the spindle leaving a slight tubular clearance to allow free axial rotation of the spindle, thereby providing direct, simple and stable support to the rotary spindle for enhanced precision in direction.