Abstract: Reversion resistance of a sulfur cured aircraft carcass rubber compound is greatly improved by incorporating, as anti-reversion agents, 1.5-6 phr of a mixture of zinc salts of one or more C.sub.8 -C.sub.10 aliphatic carboxylic acids and one or more monocyclic aromatic acids, and 0.8-2 phr of a bis-citraconimido compound. Much greater reversion resistance is obtained with a combination of the two anti-reversion agents than with either anti-reversion agent alone.

Abstract: A reducible unsaturated organic compound is reduced with diimide in an aqueous emulsion comprised of water, an organic phase which contains the compound to be reduced, and an effective stabilizing amount of an anionic surfactant. The organic compound is preferably an unsaturated organic compound containing a carbon-to-carbon multiple bond, which is preferably a carbon-to-carbon double bond. Diimide is formed by reaction of hydrazine with an oxidant in the aqueous emulsion described above. The preferred oxidant is hydrogen peroxide. A product is obtained in high yield and purity in most cases. This process is especially useful for the selective reduction of a compound having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds of different reactivities or a carbon-to-carbon double bond and a functionality (e.g., an O--O or S--S linkage) which is reducible by catalytic hydrogenation but not diimide.

Abstract: Vulcanizable rubber composition containing a polyfluoroethylene (PFE) and/or a polyfluoroethylene compatibilizer agent is added to a standard sidewall recipe. The PFE and/or PFE compatibilizers improve ozone resistance, improve flex fatigue properties and decrease the onset of vulcanization by increasing the rate of vulcanization. The new formula also represents a fast curing sidewall formulation.

Abstract: A tire has on its inner surface on elastomeric air barrier coating, which is formed by photocuring a composition comprising: (a) an end capped prepolymer (MW 2500-10,000) formed by reacting a polyester diol (MW750-1500) with a diisocyanate, and reacting the resulting diisocyanate terminated prepolymer with an end group forming compound; (b) one or more monofunctional addition polymerizable monomers; and (c) a photoinitiator or mixture thereof. In preferred embodiments, the polyester diol is hydroxyl terminated ethylene adipate, the diisocyanate is TDI, and the end group forming compound is 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). The monofunctional monomer may be or include N-vinyl-pyrrolidone (NVP). The air barrier coating has high elongation, low modulus, good heat aging resistance and good adhesion to the tire in addition to low oxygen permeability.

Abstract: Soft linear thermoplastic polyurethanes, which have low permanent set, high tear propagation resistance, and low blocking, and which are extrudable by blown film techniques, are prepared by reacting one mole of a hydroxyl terminated polyester having a molecular weight from about 1800 to about 3600, from about 0.5 to about 2.0 moles of an aromatic glycol chain extender, and an organic diioscyanate in molar quantities substantially equal to the sum of the molar quantities of polyester and chain extender. The polyester is a mixed polyester prepared by reacting at least two different aliphatic glycols with one or more organic dicarboxylic acids or at least one alaphatic glycol with two or more organic dicarboxylic acids. The aliphatic glycol may have from 2 to about 10 carbon atoms. The organic dicarboxylic acid may be either aliphatic or aromatic and may have from 2 to about 12 carbon atoms. The preferred chain extender is hydroquinone bis(beta-hydroxyethyl)ether.

Abstract: A tire has on its inner surface an elastomeric air barrier coating, which is formed by photocuring a compositioin comprising: (a) an end capped prepolymer (MW 2500-10,000) formed by reacting a polyester diol (MW750-1500) with a diisocyanate, and reacting the resulting diisocyanate terminated prepolymer with an end group forming compound; (b) one or more monofunctional addition polymerizable monomers; and (c) a photoinitiator or mixture thereof. In preferred embodiments, the polyester diol is hydroxyl terminated ethylene adipate, the diisocyanate is TDI, and the end group forming compound is 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylane (HEMA). The monofunctional monomer may be or include N-vinyl-pyrrolidone (NVP). The air barrier coating has high elongation, low modulus, good heat aging resistance and good adhesion to the tire in addition to low oxygen permeability.

Abstract: Aramid-reinforced elastomers, including rubber, in which the elastomer is reinforced with aramid in the form of short, discontinuous, fibrillated fibers, are disclosed. The fibers are composed of a trunk portion having a length of about 0.2-5 mm, a diameter of about 0.005-0.02 mm (5-20 micrometers), and an aspect ratio greater than 100, and numerous fibrils extending outwardly from the trunk and having diameters substantially smaller than the trunk diameter. The surface area of the fibers is from about 4 to about 20 square meters per gram, and is about 30 to 60 times the equivalent surface area of fibers in the form of rod having the same diameter distribution as that of the trunks of the fibers herein, but with no fibrils. The fibers are oriented. Incorporation of the fibers results in substantial increase in stiffness and modulus. Loading of aramid fibers is typically about 0.2-20 phr.

Abstract: A process for the synthesis of compounds which are known intermediates for the pyridyloxyphenoxy herbicides as well as intermediates used in the process. Propionaldehyde and an acrylic compound, two readily available starting materials, are reacted to form a 2-formylpentanoic compound which is cyclized to a dihydro pyridone which is then oxidized to the 2-hydroxy pyridine. The hydroxypyridine may be halogenated to a 2-halopyridine.

Abstract: An article surveillance system employs a label or tag containing a non-linear impedance element, such as a semiconductor diode, connected to a metal antenna loop configured to pick up two distinct radio frequency transmissions displaced on either side of a selected center frequency. The non-linear impedance element connects opposing sides of the metal loop forming a tuned tank circuit that resonates at twice the selected center frequency. Two transmitters generate separate tone modulated radio frequency and continuous wave radio frequencies equally displaced on opposite sides of the center frequency that are fed to respective orthogonally disposed dipole radiating antenna strips on opposite sides of a surveillance area. The dipole strips for different frequencies are at right angles on each side, while those for the same frequency are at right angles to one another on opposite sides to achieve cross polarized transmission of both signals within the surveillance area.

Abstract: Self-contained fire protection apparatus. The present apparatus comprises a first container for storing water or other liquid under atmospheric pressure, a discharge conduit from this container, and a second container having high surface to volume ratio for storing liquefied propellant under pressure. Communication between the first and second containers is prevented until the apparatus has to be used. Then the propellant transfer line connecting the two containers is opened, preferably by actuation of a valve controlling this line, allowing propellant vapors to flow into the first container and establish a pressure therein sufficient to cause discharge of the contents of the first container. Heat exchange between the water being discharged and the propellant is provided so that the propellant temperature and pressure do not drop appreciably as the propellant is being evaporated and transferred.

Abstract: A process of purifying tris(1-hydroxy-3-methyl-6-tert. butyl phenyl) butane comprises crystallizing it from an aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 9 carbon atoms to produce a product containing said hydrocarbon and removing at least part of the hydrocarbon from the product by washing it with a liquid consisting essentially of at least one water miscible alcohol and water.

Abstract: Pyrrolo [3,4-c]quinolines are described which have various substitutions at the 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 positions. The group of compounds has been found to possess unexpected pharmaceutical utilities including antipsychotic, analgesic and antidepressant activities. Also set forth are various methods of making the compounds as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: Electroexplosive device and static discharge element therefor. The electroexplosive device herein has a cylindrical metallic casing which is open at one end and closed at the other end, a bridge element and lead wires therefor, a static discharge disc surrounding the lead wires for preventing accidental ignition due to static electricity, and a ferrite sleeve surrounding the lead wires to prevent accidental initiation due to radio frequency currents. The static discharge element comprises a nonconductive circular substrate having a slotted opening for the lead wires, and a conductive coating layer on at least one face of the substrate to conduct electricity from the leads to the casing in the event of electrostatic discharge. This conductive layer should be in electrical contact with the casing but not with the lead wires; to that end the substrate is left uncoated in the immediate vicinity of the opening.

Abstract: Electroexplosive device and static discharge element therefor. The electroexplosive device herein has a cylindrical metallic casing which is open at one end and closed at the other end, a bridge element and lead wires therefor, a static discharge disc surrounding the lead wires for preventing accidental ignition due to static electricity, and a ferrite sleeve surrounding the lead wires to prevent accidental initiation due to radio frequency currents. The static discharge element comprises a nonconductive circular substrate having a slotted opening for the lead wires, and a conductive coating layer on at least one face of the substrate to conduct electricity from the leads to the casing in the event of electrostatic discharge. This conductive layer should be in electrical contact with the casing but not with the lead wires; to that end the substrate is left uncoated in the immediate vicinity of the opening.

Abstract: Sorbitan fatty acid esters are prepared by forming anhydro sorbitol (a mixture of sorbitans, isosorbide, and unreacted sorbitol) by acid-catalyzed anhydrization, then reacting the resulting anhydro sorbitol with a fatty acid in the presence of a base at a temperature not exceeding about 215.degree. C. Use of temperatures not over 215.degree. C. results in products having substantially less color than those obtained at higher temperatures.

Abstract: Mannitol-rich aqueous solutions of sorbitol and mannitol are prepared by a process which includes (1) epimerizing glucose in aqueous solution to obtain an epimerizate containing approximately 30 percent mannose and 70 percent glucose on the dry basis, (2) contacting this glucose-mannose epimerizate with a glucose isomerase enzyme to produce a glucose-fructose-mannose solution, and (3) hydrogenating this glucose-fructose-mannose solution to produce an aqueous solution of sorbitol and mannitol.

Abstract: Flue gas is desulfurized by absorbing it onto a selective absorbent-catalytic material. The absorbed SO.sub.2 is recovered by contacting it in a desorption cycle with a reducing desorption gas. In one embodiment, multiple absorbent beds are employed and alternate absorption-desorption cycles are used in each of the multiple beds with the flue gas and the desorption gas used alternately. The sulfur oxide is recovered in concentrated form in the desorption gas stream and is then utilized as feed in a conventional sulfuric acid plant yielding concentrated sulfuric acid.