Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the efficient preparation of highly optical pure chiral carvedilol. According to the present invention, a chiral oxazolidin-2-one or oxazolidin-2-thione having formula 2, produced from the reaction of N-protected 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)ethylamine with a chiral glycidol derivative is used as a key intermediate for the preparation of the chiral carvedilol. Specifically, the process for the preparation of the chiral carvedilol comprises a) reacting a compound of formula 2 with a halogenation agent, a sulfonation agent or a mitsunobu reagent to activate a hydroxyl group of the compound of formula 2, followed by nucleophilic substitution reaction with 9H-4-hydroxy carbazole to produce a compound of formula 7, and b) subjecting the obtained compound of formula 7 to a deprotection reaction in a presence of an inorganic base to produce the targeted chiral carvedilol. The process of the present invention can be accomplished in a mild condition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a flapping apparatus with a large flapping angle. The flapping apparatus includes a frame, a drive motor, a slider, connection links, actuating links and wings. The frame includes I-shaped plates which face each other in parallel, and coupling rods which couple the opposite corners of the upper ends of the I-shaped plates to each other. The drive motor is fastened to the frame such that a rotating shaft thereof is disposed inside the frame. The slider includes lateral bars which are reciprocated upwards and downwards. The connection links are rotatably coupled at first ends thereof to both ends of the lateral bar. The actuating links are rotatably coupled at first ends thereof to second ends of the connection links. The actuating links are rotatably coupled at second ends thereof to the coupling rods. The wings are respectively attached to the upper surfaces of the actuating links.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an engine stall prevention system for industrial vehicles. The engine stall prevention system includes a transmission, which is configured such that a hydraulic shuttle valve for performing forward and reverse switching without requiring the operation of a clutch pedal, and a control unit for controlling the shuttle valve. The control unit receives a brake pedal operation signal from a brake detection unit for detecting the operation of a brake pedal, detects the traveling state of a vehicle using a traveling detection unit, determines whether the speed and engine RPM of the vehicle are equal to or less than respective preset values, and performs automatic control such that the shuttle valve enters a neutral state or a half-clutch state if it is determined that the vehicle speed is greater than the corresponding preset value and the engine RPM is equal to or less than the corresponding preset value.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a system for calculating carbon dioxide emission of a steam turbine CHP plant, and according to the method of calculating carbon dioxide emission of the present invention, the total fuel emission of a plant is calculated. The total greenhouse gas emission is calculated from the total fuel consumption. System thermal efficiency is calculated from the total fuel consumption. Fuel consumption for thermal generation is calculated from the system thermal efficiency. Fuel consumption for power generation is calculated from the system thermal efficiency. Power generation efficiency is calculated from the fuel consumption for power generation. The total carbon dioxide emission in thermal generation is calculated from the fuel consumption for thermal generation. The total carbon dioxide emission in power generation is calculated from the fuel consumption for power generation.

Abstract: An aging status diagnostic apparatus for a power conversion system and diagnosing method thereof are provided. The apparatus includes an output current sensing means detecting output current of an inverter switching module; and a measurement and diagnosis means receiving the output current, calculating one or more average values of the output current over one period, and magnitude or effective value of each harmonic of the output current, and determining whether aging of the inverter switching module has occurred. Furthermore, the measurement and diagnosis means determines that the aging of the inverter switching module has occurred if the average value of the output current over one period increases by a value equal to or greater than a predetermined range and/or an even order harmonic or a specific order harmonic based on FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) of the output current increases by a value equal to or greater than a predetermined range.

Abstract: Provided is a method for retransmitting data based on antenna scheduling in a MIMO system to which a spatial multiplexing technique is applied. The method includes the steps of: (a) at a transmitter side, modulating an input packet into transmittable data to transmit to a receiver side; (b) at the receiver side, estimating channel values from the packet transmitted from the transmitter side, and selecting transmitting and receiving antennas for transmitting the next packet from the estimated channel values; (c) detecting whether an error is present in the packet or not, and transmitting a feedback signal to the transmitter side, the feedback signal including information on whether or not to transmit the packet and a list of the selected transmitting antennas; and (d) at the transmitter side, retransmitting the transmitted packet or transmitting the next packet through the transmitting antennas designated by the receiver side depending on the feedback signal.

Abstract: Provided is a method for dynamic resource allocation of uplink and downlink in an OFDMA/TDD cellular system. The method for dynamic resource allocation of uplink in an OFDMA/TDD cellular system includes the steps of determining the number of sub-channels which can be allocated to each user through an FLR algorithm; performing channel allocation for a first frame through a round-robin algorithm in which channel information is not needed; performing dynamic channel allocation for a next frame through uplink channel information measured by uplink channel sounding; and performing power control.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a flat uniform transmission line having an electromagnetic shielding function. The flat uniform transmission line includes a strip transmission line, an insulating layer, and electromagnetic shielding layers. The strip transmission line is formed on a dielectric layer made of functional polymer material, and includes a plurality of strip lines. The plurality of strip lines are configured to be a ground line, or to transmit signals. The insulating layer is formed on the strip transmission line. The electromagnetic shielding layers are respectively formed on the insulating layer and beneath the strip transmission line.

Abstract: An analysis system of golf ball and club head data using lasers and 4-axis light sensing is provided, which includes a horizontal sensor array including a plurality of light sensors arranged in straight lines, the horizontal sensor array receiving light from a light source; a vertical sensor array installed to protrude from the floor at a perpendicularly offset angle, the vertical sensor array receiving a laser beam from a laser; a control unit deriving position coordinates of the golf ball in space using data of the silhouette of the golf ball detected by the horizontal and vertical sensor arrays, and calculating ball speed, club head speed, a ball directional angle, a ball launch angle, a club head path, a ball quality, and a flight distance, using the position coordinates of the golf ball; and a display unit displaying the calculated values on a screen under control of the control unit.

Abstract: A DBMS-based knowledge extension and inference service method recorded on a computer-readable medium includes creating knowledge represented as a triple by using ontology schemas and instances (first step); receiving the knowledge and extending the knowledge by using a knowledge extension rule (second step); and providing an inference service by using the extended knowledge, converting a user query, and processing the query (third step). Further, the third step includes receiving and converting a user query to create the converted query (31st step); determining whether the query is a previously-input query (32nd step); receiving the converted query and the determination result to create a query result (33rd step); receiving the query result of the 33rd step and performing post-processing to create a post-processing result (34th step); and creating a message and protocol suitable for a user interface by using the post-processing result and then presenting an inference result.

Abstract: Battery system is widely used in emergent power plant or communication network power plant and its effective management is important. When any one of batteries connected to each other in series is failed during operation of the battery system, since reliability of the system cannot be secured, a problem is arisen to stable operation of the communication network. In a method of separating inferior battery, the battery is operated in floating charge state without separation to generate square current containing charge current and easily generated to flow through the battery cell, voltage signal generated from terminal voltage of the battery by the measuring signal is processed such that only internal impedance voltage signal is separated from harmonics ripple voltage and noise voltage by a synchronized detection calculating algorithm to calculate the internal impedance or effective value thereof (resistance component).

Abstract: A partition-type heating apparatus has advantageous effects in that a material to be heated, i.e., a reaction gas used in a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process, is pre-heated and the pre-heated reaction gas flows through a flow channel defined by the vertical and horizontal partitions so that the flowing reaction gas is heated by the transfer of heat generated from a hot wire during the flow of the reaction gas, thereby securing heating performance required for a small-sized heating apparatus.

Abstract: A generator-brake integration type rotating machine comprises an inertia disk coupled to a shaft to rotate; a rotor ring rotating around the shaft inside the inertia disk and having magnets mounted to a circumferential outer surface thereof; and a laminated yoke positioned between the inertia disk and the rotor ring, and having brake coils located at regular angular intervals on a circumferential outer surface thereof and generator coils located at regular angular intervals on a circumferential inner surface thereof. The generator coils are wound on first bobbins which project inward from the circumferential inner surface of the laminated yoke, and the brake coils are wound on second bobbins which project outward from the circumferential outer surface of the laminated yoke. The laminated yoke is fixedly coupled to a stator holder, which in turn is coupled to the shaft by way of a bearing and is fixedly coupled to a housing.

Abstract: An internal cooling apparatus for automobiles includes a first expansion valve for spraying a coolant to a main evaporator through a high-pressure pipe, a compressor receiving the coolant evaporated in the main evaporator through a low-pressure pipe, a condenser receiving the coolant compressed in the compressor, and a plurality of sub-evaporators each being installed inside of a seat to contact an automobile passenger. One end of each of the sub-evaporators is communicated with the high-pressure pipe and the other end thereof is communicated with the low-pressure pipe such that part of the coolant sprayed through the first expansion valve is supplied to the compressor via each of the sub-evaporators.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an internal antenna having a surface-mounted receptacle. The internal antenna includes a printed circuit board, a radiator, and a frame. The printed circuit board is configured such that a receptacle is surface-mounted thereon. The radiator is connected to the printed circuit board. The frame is configured such that the printed circuit board and the radiator are mounted thereto.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a vibration generation module capable of generating inertial and impact vibrations. The vibration generation module includes a magnetic force generation unit, an elastic force provision unit, a permanent magnet, a contactor, and an impact transmission panel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to skating shoes that are capable of walking and skating, and more particularly, to skating shoes that are possible of self-driving skating and free conversion between walking and skating without a particular operation.

Abstract: Disclosed is an extendable swivel antenna, specifically a swivel antenna with enhanced durability, which can prevent deformation of a hinge unit and an outermost antenna covering the hinge unit.