Abstract: The novel synthetic polyethylene fluids of the present invention are characterized by high viscosity indices (about 94-151 VI), low pour points (about -60 to -10.degree. C.), and a kinematic viscosity of about 6 to 28 cSt KV at 100.degree. C. The product compositions comprise polymers having a molecular weight of from about 300 to 30,000 and a high branching index of 151 to 586 branches per 1000 CH.sub.2 groups, or BI=0.18-0.40, wherein the polymer is substantially free of methyl branches. Highly-branched polyethylene fluids that have less than 5 methyl branches per 1000 CH.sub.2 groups are prepared by polymerizing ethylene in the presence of a catalyst system consisting of [C] and [B], wherein [C] is a catalyst having the empirical formula MX.sub.4 and [B] is a co-catalyst having the empirical formula R.sub.n AlX.sub.3-n, where M is a Group IVB transition metal, X is a halogen anion, R is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: The novel synthetic polyethylene fluids of the present invention are characterized by high viscosity indices (about 94-151 VI), low pour points (about -60 to -10.degree. C.), and a kinematic viscosity of about 6 to 28 cSt KV at 100.degree. C. The product compositions comprise polymers having a molecular weight of from about 300 to about 30,000 and a branching index of 151 to 586 branches per 1000 CH.sub.2 groups, or BI=0.18-0.40. A process for preparing such novel synthetic polyethylene fluids comprises polymerizing ethylene in the presence of a catalyst system, said catalyst system comprising [A] and [B], wherein [A] is a catalyst having the formula MX.sub.5 and [B] is a co-catalyst having the formula R.sub.n AlX.sub.3-n where M is a Group VB, VIB, or VIII transition metal; X is a halogen anion; R is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl group; and n is 1-2.

Abstract: A method for determining the reliability of time processed seismic reflection data near a significant velocity differential overhang includes displaying the seismic reflection data as a seismic section showing impedance differential interfaces. The position of an edge of the velocity differential overhang is located and acoustic velocity values are interpreted. A set of curves representing boundaries of reliability for predetermined dip values is determined. The set of curves representing boundaries of reliability may be displayed. The display of the set of curves representing boundaries of reliability may be overlaid on the seismic section representing the seismic reflection data. The dip angle for an interface of interest is approximated. The interface of interest is compared with the curve representing boundaries of reliability for the dip angle for the interface of interest to determine the extent of reliability of the data used to map the end of the interface under the overhang.

Abstract: Long chain alkyl substituted naphthalenes are produced by alkylating naphthalene with an olefin or other alkylating agent with at least 6, and usually 12 to 20 carbon atoms, in the presence of an alkylation catalyst comprising a zeolite having rare earth cations, and both ammonium and protonic species, associated with the exchangeable sites of the zeolite. The zeolite is usually a large pore size zeolite such as USY. The presence of rare earths and both ammonium and protonic species increases selectivity for production of long chain mono-alkyl substituted naphthalenes in preference to more highly substituted products.

Abstract: There is provided a zeolite catalyst, which is first selectivated with a siliceous material and then treated with an aqueous solution comprising alkali metal ions under ion exchange conditions.

Abstract: There is provided a continuous toluene disproportionation process to selectively produce para-xylene. The process includes a steady-state of operation, wherein the conversion of toluene and selectivity to para-xylene is maintained at essentially constant target levels. Prior to such a steady-state of operation, the reaction is conducted under a relatively high temperature.

Abstract: The interaction of silica, previously calcined at 600.degree. C., with dibutylmagnesium (DBM), 1-butanol and titanium tetrachloride and a solution of methylalumoxane (MAO) and (BuCp).sub.2 ZrCl.sub.2 provides a catalyst that, in the absence of a trialkylaluminum (AlR.sub.3) cocatalyst, produces polyethylene with a bimodal MWD.

Abstract: Raffinate is catalytically hydrodewaxed to lube basestock in a mixture containing between 0.01 and 1 weight percent of pour point depressants comprising the copolymer residue of a mixture of 1-alkene comonomers selected from the group consisting of C.sub.3 -C.sub.28 1-alkenes. The mixture is contacted with hydrogen and shape selective metallosilicate catalyst particles under mild hydrodewaxing conditions to produce an increased yield of lube basestock having a pour point below -25.degree. F. and viscosity index greater than 100.

Abstract: The instant invention discloses a process of upgrading a waxy hydrocarbon feed mixture containing sulfur compounds which boils in the distillate range, in order to reduce sulfur content and 85% point while preserving the high octane of naphtha by-products and maximizing distillate yield. The process employs a single, downflow reactor having at least two catalyst beds and an inter-bed redistributor between the beds. The top bed contains a hydrocracking catalyst, preferably zeolite beta, and the bottom bed contains a dewaxing catalyst, preferably ZSM-5. A desulfurization catalyst may be added to either bed depending on sulfur distribution in the feed. The feed is separated into a lighter, lower boiling stream and a heavier, higher boiling stream. The effluent of the top bed cascades without interbed separation to the inter-bed redistributor, where it is recombined with the lighter stream. The recombined stream then enters the bottom bed for dewaxing.

Abstract: Oxygenated alkyl amines synthesized using carbonyl coupling reactions have combustion chamber deposit reducing properties and oxidative stability characteristics beneficial for dispersant/detergent applications in fuels and lubricants.

Abstract: A catalytic process for the dimerization of norbornene and/or norbornadiene using a reduced valence state Group VIB metal oxide as the catalyst, preferably Cr(II) on a porous support such as silica. The product norbornene dimer or norbornadiene dimer is obtained in high yield and high stereospecificity at greater than 90 weight percent of the exo-trans-exo stereoisomer. The norbornene dimer is useful as a high energy density fuel. The norbornadiene dimer can be further functionalized to yield novel chemical intermediates or polymerized or copolymerized with other olefins. The norbornadiene dimer can also be hydrogenated for high energy fuel applications.

Abstract: There is disclosed a linear block copolymer comprising at least one triblock I-B-I, wherein I is a block of at least one polymerized conjugated diene of at least five (5) carbon atoms, such as isoprene, and B is a block of a polymer of at least one conjugated diene, different from that used to polymerize the block I, of at least four (4) carbon atoms, such as 1,3-butadiene. The B block is selectively hydrogenated, while each of the I blocks is unhydrogenated and therefore retains a sufficient amount of its original unsaturation to vulcanize the copolymer. There is also disclosed an alternative linear block copolymer containing at least one triblock of the first polymer block made from a minor proportion of at least one aryl-substituted olefin, such as styrene, and a major proportion of at least one conjugated diene used to polymerize the block I, the second middle polymer block of at least one diene used to polymerize the block B, and the third polymer block which is the same as the first polymer block.

Abstract: There is disclosed a linear block copolymer comprising at least one triblock I-B-I, wherein I is a block of at least one polymerized conjugated diene of at least five (5) carbon atoms, such as isoprene, and B is a block of a polymer of at least one conjugated diene, different from that used to polymerize the block I, of at least four (4) carbon atoms, such as 1,3-butadiene. The B block is selectively hydrogenated, while each of the I blocks is unhydrogenated and therefore retains a sufficient amount of its original unsaturation to vulcanize the copolymer. There is also disclosed an alternative linear block copolymer containing at least one triblock of the first polymer block made from a minor proportion of at least one aryl-substituted olefin, such as styrene, and a major proportion of at least one conjugated diene used to polymerize the block I, the second middle polymer block of at least one diene used to polymerize the block B, and the third polymer block which is the same as the first polymer block.

Abstract: A synthetic hydrocarbon-based material for direct use in foods and pharmaceuticals which includes a hydrogenated oligomer of an alpha olefin having 5 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A process for catalytically desulfurizing cracked fractions in the gasoline boiling range to acceptable sulfur levels uses an initial hydrotreating step to desulfurize the feed with some reduction in octane number, after which the desulfurized material is treated with a self-bound or binder-free zeolite to restore lost octane. The process may be utilized to desulfurize catalytically and thermally cracked naphthas such as FCC naphtha as well as pyrolysis gasoline and coker naphthas, while maintaining octane so as to reduce the requirement for reformate and alkylate in the gasoline blend. The self-bound catalyst offers advantages in activity and permits the process to be carried out at lower temperatures.

Abstract: There are disclosed novel comb graft polymers and copolymers comprising a backbone of a linear polymer of p-methylstyrene (p-MS) and grafted branches of a linear addition polymer of at least one anionically polymerizable compound. The polymers may be produced by metallating the p-MS polymer with an organo alkali metal metallating agent, e.g., an alkyllithium, at active hydrogen sites along the polymer chain and graft polymerizing the anionically polymerizable compound at the metallated sites to form the grafted branches. Certain of the foregoing comb graft polymers and copolymers, e.g., wherein the backbone is a homopolymer of p-MS or a copolymer of p-MS and a ring-substituted alkylstyrene such as p-tert-butylstyrene (t-BS) and the branches are a polymer of t-BS, are useful as additives to functional fluids, particularly hydrocarbon lubricating oils, for the purpose of thickening and improving their viscosity index.

Abstract: Low sulfur gasoline of relatively high octane number is produced from a cracked, sulfur-containing olefinic naphthas by hydrodesulfurization followed by treatment over an acidic catalyst comprising an intermediate pore size zeolite such as zeolite ZSM-5 in combination with molybdenum. The use of the molybdenum in combination with the zeolite has been found to give improved catalytic acitivity coupled with lower coking, longer catalyst life and other advantages.

Abstract: A benzene-rich gasoline stream is alkylated with higher olefins in contact with a fluid bed of shape selective zeolite catalyst to produce a gasoline product stream reduced in benzene content wherein the high octane value alkylaromatics formed by benzene alkylation are of low carbon number, essentially C10-. Concurrently, a portion of olefins in the gasoline stream are converted to gasoline boiling range hydrocarbons and the sulfur content of the gasoline feedstream is lowered. Besides enhancing the octane value of the feedstream, the process results in a lower Reid vapor pressure and lower sulfur content.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the production of alkyl tertiary alkyl ethers in C.sub.4 + hydrocarbon streams rich in isoolefins, typically containing catalyst deactivating amounts of dienes and/or compounds containing heteroatoms. The process is especially advantageous in extending the cycle length for the zeolite catalyzed etherification of isoolefins in C.sub.4 + FCC gasoline by reducing catalyst aging. It has been discovered that if hydrogen is cofed with the alkanol and C.sub.4 + isoolefin rich feedstreams to an etherification reaction catalyzed by acidic zeolite wherein the zeolite has been impregnated with a noble metal the rate of catalyst aging or deactivation is substantially lowered. The process is especially effective, i.e., catalyst aging is particularly reduced, when hydrogen is cofed to an etherification reaction using acidic zeolite Beta catalyst containing palladium.

Abstract: Novel star-branched polymers in which the arms are each a polymer of an anionically polymerizable monomer consisting of monoethylenically unsaturated compounds comprising p-tert-butylstyrene (t-BS) coupled with a polyalkenyl coupling agent. Certain of the foregoing star-branched polymers, e.g., wherein the arms are a homopolymer of t-BS and the coupling agent is divinylbenzene (DVB), are useful as additives to functional fluids, particularly hydrocarbon lubricating oils, for the purpose of improving their viscometric properties.