Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for generating chlorine dioxide in a reaction medium comprising a flowing gaseous carrier stream thereby providing chlorine dioxide having a low water content for use in oxidizing treatment applications which are sensitive to water. The method of the invention uses a mineral acid, such as hydrochloric acid, a hypochlorite salt, such as sodium hypochlorite salt and a chlorite salt, such as sodium chlorite salt, as reactants for generating ClO.sub.2. Air is the preferred gaseous carrier stream.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for automatically monitoring or adjusting, or both, the concentration of total reducers (i.e. reduced sulfur-containing constituents which consume iodine) in an aqueous medium (e.g. waste water stream) whereby the time period for iodine titration of an untreated sample of the aqueous medium is automatically measured and this time measurement is automatically translated into an output signal to either a monitoring means or a process adjustment means (e.g. oxidant chemical feed pump) or both.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions for transparent or translucent antiperspirants comprising a polyol, the reaction product of an antiperspirant salt and a silane and an optional gelling agent, but no or substantially no water. When gelled, the composition is suitable for use as a stick antiperspirant. The invention also relates to the process by which compositions of the invention are prepared.

Abstract: A shampoo composition comprising from 10 to 60% by weight of (a) one or more anionic surfactants, from 1 to 15% by weight of (b) one or more nonionic surfactants, from 0.1 to 25% by weight of (c) a silicone component, selected from polydiorganosiloxanes and cyclodiorganosiloxanes wherein substantially all organic substituents are lower alkyl groups, from 6 to 18% by weight of (d) a salt of saccharin and from 20 to 70% by weight of (e) water. The saccharin salt is preferably a sodium salt, which acts as optical index adjusting agent to provide a clear shampoo and also renders the foam creamier.

Abstract: Organosilicon compounds having at least one unit of the general formula ##STR1## in which R represents alkyl, R' is a divalent alkylene, oxyalkylene, alkenylene or oxyalkenylene, Z represents an alkyl, alkoxy or hydroxyl group, a has a value of 0, 1, 2 or 3 and c is 0 to 1, wherein at least one of Z and R' is linked to the multivalent aryl group via an ether linkage, are useful for absorbing UV radiation. Especially if polymeric (with e.g. diorganosiloxane units) they can be incorporated in sunscreen preparations to improve their substantivity to the skin. A process for preparing the compounds is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel compositions of organofunctional betaine modified siloxanes having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein each R.sup.a and R.sup.b are lower alkyl groups, R.sup.c and R.sup.d are lower alkylene groups, x ranges from 1-4, and z ranges from 1-4. The compositions of the invention exhibit surfactant properties in that they are effective in lowering the surface tension of water. The invention also regards the process by which these modified siloxanes are made.

Abstract: The specification discloses a process for coloring hair in which certain polysiloxanes including siloxane units having a silicon bonded hydroxy group are employed to provide improved depth of color or color retention. Preferably the polysiloxanes are employed as a treatment on hair prior to or after application of colorant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a delayed release laundering additive. The invention comprises a carrier comprising one or more water soluble modified cellulose materials which holds one or more antifoam and a process for the manufacture thereof. Optionally, the invention comprises a conventional laundry detergent in admixture with the antifoam agent or agents held on the carrier.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and composition for inhibiting discoloration of the emulsions due to contact with ferrous materials. The invention comprises adding from 0.1 to 1.6 wt. %, preferably, from 0.3 to 0.9 wt. % based on the oil phase of the emulsion of one or more members of the group consisting of phosphoric acid and disodium phosphate. The invention also optionally comprises an amount of pit corrosion inhibitor selected from the group consisting of zinc pyrithione and a zinc containing siloxane resin. The invention also includes the composition of a silicone polymer in water emulsion, wherein the emulsion contains form 0.1 to 1.6 wt%, preferably, from 0.3 to 0.9 wt. % based on the oil phase of the emulsion of one or more mebers of the group consisting of phosphoric acid and disodium phosphate and optionally comprises an amount of pit corrosion inhibitor.

Abstract: Organosilanes and organosiloxanes characterized by the group .tbd.SiQSO.sub.3.sup.- Na.sup.30 in which Q is alkylene or phenylene are prepared by reacting the corresponding mercaptopropylsubstituted silanes and siloxanes with sodium permanganate.The products have surface active properties and are useful as emulsifying agents and for reducing the surface tension of aqueous media.

Abstract: Silanes and organosiloxanes having the group ##STR1## wherein Q represents an olefinically-saturated divalent hydrocarbon group and Y represents --O--or --NH--.They can be prepared by the reaction of sodium sulphite or sodium bisulphite on the ester or amide ##STR2## and are useful as surface active agents.

Abstract: Hair care uses of polydiorganosiloxanes containing aminoalkyl groups modified by alkoxycarbonylalkyl substituents are described. The modified aminoalkyl silicones exhibit improved deposition on hair and can be formulated into shampoos, conditioners, rinses, creams, gels, aerosol foams or sprays, and permanent waving products.

Abstract: Hair care compositions are disclosed containing a combination of carboxyfunctional polydimethylsiloxane and a cationic, organic polymer. The compositions can be used as hair fixatives and as such may be formulated into aerosol, pump spray, lotion, cream or mousse type hair care products. The compositions are especially effective in providing flexible, long-lasting hold to hair styles.

Abstract: Hair fixative preparations suitable for application to hair without subsequent rinsing are disclosed. The preparations are clear, aqueous mixtures of polydiorganosiloxane and a cationic, organic polymer. The preparations are used for setting hair and may be formulated into lotion and gel type products with superior aesthetics because of the clarity of the mixtures. The preparations are effective in providing flexible, long-lasting hold for hair styles.

Abstract: Hair fixative preparations suitable for application to hair without subsequent rinsing are disclosed containing a mixture of polydiorganosiloxane and a cationic, organic polymer. The preparations are used for setting hair and may be formulated into aerosol mousse, lotion, gel, or cream type products. The preparations are especially effective in providing flexible, long-lasting hold for hair styles.

Abstract: What is disclosed are thermosetting epoxy resin compositions containing block siloxane copolymers which are used to induce low internal stress in the cured compositions and to provide coefficients of thermal expansion more closely aligned with the coefficients of thermal expansion of the substrates being molded therewith.