Abstract: An alkylated hydroxyl-containing aromatic compound is produced by isomerizing a normal alpha-olefin having from about 16 to about 30 carbon atoms in the presence of a first solid, acidic catalyst capable of inducing both olefin isomerization and skeletal isomerization to produce a mixture of isomerized olefin, then alkylating an hydroxyl-containing aromatic compound with the mixture of isomerized olefins in the presence of a second solid, acidic catalyst. The first solid, acidic catalyst can be SM-3, MAPO-11, SAPO-11, SSZ-32, ZSM-23, MAPO-39, SAPO-39, ZSM-22, SSZ-20, ZSM-35, SUZ-4, NU-23, NU-87, natural ferrierite or synthetic ferrierite. The second solid, acidic catalyst can be a sulfonic acid anionic ion exchange resin catalyst or an acidic clay.

Abstract: A lubricating oil comprising a major amount of at least one of Group II, III, and IV base oil and a minor amount of 3,5-di-t-butyl 4-hydroxy phenol propionate. A method of making this lubricating oil and a method of lubricating a natural gas engine with this lubricating oil.

Abstract: Methods of regenerating a coked catalyst by treatment with a hydrogen-containing gas, where the coke is not removed from the catalyst via combustion with an oxygen-containing gas, are disclosed. The hydrogen-containing gas can be hydrogen itself, syngas (a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide), or, if the catalyst is a dehydrogenation catalyst or if a dehydrogenation catalyst is in-line with the coked catalyst, the reaction product of the catalytic dehydrogenation of a C2-5 alkane, preferably ethane. The method is an improvement over conventional catalyst regeneration methods which first oxidize the coke to form carbon monoxide and an oxidized form of the catalyst, and then reduce the oxidized form of the catalyst so it can be re-used. The present method removes the coke without requiring an oxidation step.

Abstract: A low sulfur detergency additive suitable for lubricant composition used in air-cooled two-stroke cycle engines having an unsulfurized alkaline earth alkylsalicylate and optionally a molybdenum compound.