Abstract: A black glass having the empirical formula SiCxOy where x is greater than zero and up to about 2.0 and y is greater than zero and up to about 2.2 is produced from a cyclosiloxane polymer precursor by pyrolysis in the presence of oxygen by heating at a rate exceeding about 5.degree. C./min.

Abstract: An improved protective layer for ceramic insulating bodies includes a composite having a refractory fiber in a matrix of a black glass ceramic having the empirical formula SiCxOy where x ranges from about 0.5 to about 2.0, preferably 0.9 to 1.6 and y ranges from about 0.5 to 3 0, preferably 0.7 to 1.8. The black glass ceramic is derived from cyclosiloxane monomers containing a vinyl group attached to silicon and/or a hydride-silicon group. The protective layer is formed by laying up plies of a prepreg on the insulating body following by pressing, curing and pyrolyzing said prepreg to form said protective layer.

Abstract: The ability of a packed bed of adsorbent to hold a gas is increased by employing at least two sizes of adsorbent particles having nominal diameters differing by at least 7/1. In a preferred embodiment, the capacity of a bed of carbon molecular sieve particles for adsorption of natural gas is significantly improved.

Abstract: Electroless deposition of copper from solution onto a substrate, particularly a polymeric laminate for use in electronic circuitry, is accomplished by first treating said substrate with a stilbene-based fluorescent brightener to sensitize said substrate and thereafter contacting said substrate with an electroless copper plating solution.

Abstract: Natural gas is stored in a closed vessel under a pressure of about 1400 to 4500 kPa using a carbon molecular sieve adsorbent. The deliverable volume of natural gas from a vessel packed with carbon molecular sieve particles is increased by impregnating a polymer precursor of the carbon molecular sieve with additional monomers and polymerizing the monomers before carbonizing the precursor.

Abstract: Natural gas is stored in a closed vessel under a pressure of about 1400 to 4500 kPa using a carbon molecular sieve adsorbent. The deliverable volume of natural gas from a vessel packed with carbon molecular sieve particles is increased by raising the density of the polymer precursor of the carbon molecular sieve through adjustment of the conditions for suspension polymerization of vinylidene chloride.

Abstract: Vinyl ether terminated ester oligomers having a range of molecular weights are prepared by reacting a vinyl ether terminated polybasic ester with a polyol in the presence of a catalyst. Continual removal of a hydroxy monovinyl ether avoids formation compounds containing acetal moieties. Alternatively, a polybasic ester is chain extended with a polyol with continual removal of the alcohol by-product. Then, the terminal ester moieties are end capped with a monohydroxy vinyl ether. The oligomers have application in coatings and the like.

Abstract: A laminate which has improved dimensional stability may be prepared by impregnating a reinforcing substrate such as a woven glass cloth with an epoxy resin system having a relatively high molecular weight, in excess of about 850, in the presence of a curing agent followed by curing, pressing and post-baking substrate to form the desired laminate board. The variation in this dimensional stability can also be improved by utilizing a B-stage substrate which has been cured to a lower flow percentage.

Abstract: A semipermeable membrane suitable for reverse osmosis applications is prepared by interfacially reacting on a support an aromatic polyamine containing at least three and, preferably, four aromatic nuclei with a polyfunctional amine-reactive compound such as an aromatic polyacyl halide.

Abstract: SiCxOy where x is greater than zero and up to about 2.0 and y is greater than zero and up to about 2.2 is produced from a cyclosiloxane polymer precursor by pyrolysis in the presence of oxygen by heating at a rate exceeding about 5.degree. C/min.

Abstract: A thermosetting resin designated a "APT" resin is produced by a two-step procedure in which a substituted aromatic compound, preferably diphenyl ether is reacted with formaldehyde to produce an oligomeric backbone, followed by further reaction with a phenol to provide pendant phenolic groups. Finally, the resulting polymer is cyanated with a cyanogen halide.

Abstract: An improved fiber reinforced glass composite includes a carbon-coated refractory fiber in a matrix of a black glass ceramic having the empirical formula SiCxOy where x ranges from about 0.5 to about 2.0, preferably 0.9 to 1.6 and y ranges from about 0.5 to 3.0, preferably 0.7 to 1.8. Preferably the black glass ceramic is derived from cyclosiloxane monomers containing a vinyl group attached to silicon and/or a hydride-silicon group.

Abstract: A protective layer for polymeric composite substrates comprises a fiber-reinforced glass composite having a refractory fiber in a matrix of a black glass ceramic having the empirical formula SiCxOy where x ranges from about 0.5 to about 2.0, preferably 0.9 to 1.6 and y ranges from about 0.5 to 3.0, preferably 0.7 to 1.8. The black glass ceramic is derived from cyclosiloxane monomers containing a vinyl group attached to silicon and/or a hydride-silicon group.

Abstract: The stain resistance of nylon fibers is improved by attaching stainblocking compounds to the fiber surface using agents which have been grafted to the nylon using UV light and a photoactivator.

Abstract: A thin-film seimpermeable composite membrane employs the reaction product of N-alkyl phenylenediamine or N,N'-dialkyl phenylenediamine and a poly acyl halide, such as trimesoyl chloride. Preferably the membrane is post-treated with an acid solution followed by an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol and a buffer and/or base to improve its physical properties.

Abstract: A fluorinated cation exchange resin catalyst is prepared by contacting a polymer containing pendant acid groups, particularly the radical --SO.sub.3 X with elemental fluorine in the presence of a water-free halogenated hydrocarbon liquid and thereafter converting the resulting pendant --SO.sub.3 X radical to a free acid.

Abstract: This invention concerns novel o,o'-bismaleimide resins which have good processibility, novel o,o'-diamines used to prepare the resins, and the novel o,o'-bismaleimide polymers prepared by curing these resins. The polymers have thermo-oxidative and tensile properties which rival conventional p,p'- and m,m'-bismaleimide resin systems.The o,o'-bismaleimide resins of this invention have the following structure: ##STR1## wherein Y--G--Y is a bridging group with Y selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, and selenium, and G selected from a number of structures having aromatic and/or siloxane character. R.sub.a and R.sub.b are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl containing up to 4 carbon atoms, the corresponding alkoxy groups, chlorine, and bromine, or R.sub.a and R.sub.b together form a fused 6-membered aromatic ring.

Abstract: An enhancement of the bulk and hand of carpeting and carpet fiber is made by treating with a terpolymer, particularly the terpolymer of (a) phenyl vinyl ether, (b) 2-(4-hydroxymethyl-phenoxy)ethyl vinyl ether, and (c) maleic anhydride.

Abstract: Vinylidene chloride is removed from 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane (HCFC-141b) by contacting the HCFC-141b in the vapor phase with chlorine in the presence of ultraviolet light providing an exposure up to about 50 watts-hour/kg.

Abstract: Mixed-metal oxide absorbents having superior CO.sub.2 and water removal capacity and superior regenerability are prepared from novel mixed-metal carbonate precursors or from mixed-metal oxides derived from those precursors. The precursors are prepared from a salt of silver and the salt of a second metal. The second metal may be selected from the group consisting of magnesium, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, and other metals for which the metal carbonate to metal oxide reaction occurs at a temperature of not greater than about 400.degree. C. The precursors have an unique x-ray diffraction pattern characteristic of the silver carbonate pattern rather than of the physical mixture of the silver carbonate and the carbonate of the second metal.