Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the detection and measurement of transmembrane potentials using an N,N,N?-trialkyl thiobarbituric acid-derived polymethine oxonol (shown below). In particular, the present invention is directed to compositions and optical methods for determining transmembrane potentials across the plasma membrane of biological cells using a slightly hydrophobic N,N,N?-trialkyl thiobarbituric acid-derived polymethine oxonols. The method comprises a slightly hydrophobic N,N,N?-trialkyl thiobarbituric acid-derived polymethine oxonol anion capable of redistributing from a first face of the membrane to a second face of the membrane in response to changes in the potential of the membrane. In one aspect the method is used to identify compounds which modulate membrane potentials in biological membranes.

Abstract: Chemically reactive 7-hydroxycoumarin derivatives and their application for analyzing cell function, for example in combination with additional fluorescent labels. The coumarin derivatives exhibit a strong absorption at 405 nm and high fluorescence quantum yields.

Abstract: Chemically reactive carbocyanine dyes that are intramolecularly crosslinked between the 1-position and 3?-position, their bioconjugates and their uses are described. 1,3?-crosslinked carbocyanines are superior to those of conjugates of spectrally similar 1,1?-crosslinked or non-crosslinked dyes. The invention includes derivative compounds having one or more benzo nitrogens.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for treating conditions associated with angiogenesis. In particular the present invention relates to multi-unit complexes of tRNA synthetase fragments and uses thereof; diverse multi-unit complexes including a tRNA synthetase fragment; compositions and methods for modulating angiogenesis; polynucleotides encoding tRNA synthetase fragments and uses thereof; antibodies and epitopes specific to tRNA synthetase fragments; variants of tRNA synthetase fragments and uses thereof; methods for treating angiogenesis; methods for screening for anti-angiogenic agents; methods of modulating angiogenesis; kits for modulating angiogenesis; and business methods for modulating angiogenesis. Preferably the tRNA synthetase fragments are tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase fragments, and more preferably human tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase fragments.

Abstract: Chemically reactive carbocyanine dyes that are intramolecularly crosslinked between the 1-position and 3?-position, their bioconjugates and their uses are described. 1,3?-crosslinked carbocyanines are superior to those of conjugates of spectrally similar 1,1?-crosslinked or non-crosslinked dyes. The invention includes derivative compounds having one or more benzo nitrogens.

Abstract: Chemically reactive carbocyanine dyes that are intramolecularly crosslinked between the 1-position and 3?-position, their bioconjugates and their uses are described. 1,3?-crosslinked carbocyanines are superior to those of conjugates of spectrally similar 1,1?-crosslinked or non-crosslinked dyes. The invention includes derivative compounds having one or more benzo nitrogens.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to oral compositions such as toothpastes, toothpowders, liquid dentrifices, mouthwashes, rinses, dental floss, denture cleansers, chewing gums, lozenges and the like. In particular, it relates to such oral compositions that include cesium and rubidium salts. In one aspect of the present invention, a composition for oral use is provided. The composition includes a cesium or rubidium salt and water having a surface tension ranging between 45 and 70 dynes per cm2. In another aspect of the present invention, a method for improving oral hygiene in a mammal is provided. The method involves taking a volume of a solution into the mammal's mouth, where the solution includes a cesium or rubidium salt and water having a surface tension ranging between 45 and 70 dynes per cm2, swishing the solution around and expelling the solution.

Abstract: Chemically reactive carbocyanine dyes that are intramolecularly crosslinked between the 1-position and 3?-position, their bioconjugates and their uses are described. 1,3?-crosslinked carbocyanines are superior to those of conjugates of spectrally similar 1,1?-crosslinked or non-crosslinked dyes. The invention includes derivative compounds having one or more benzo nitrogens.

Abstract: Chemically reactive carbocyanine dyes that are intramolecularly crosslinked between the 1-position and 3?-position, their bioconjugates and their uses are described. 1,3?-crosslinked carbocyanines are superior to those of conjugates of spectrally similar 1,1?-crosslinked or non-crosslinked dyes. The invention includes derivative compounds having one or more benzo nitrogens.

Abstract: The quenching compounds of the invention are weakly luminescent cyanines that are substituted by one or more heteroaromatic quenching moieties. The quenching compounds of the invention exhibit little or no observable luminescence and efficiently quench a broad spectrum of luminescent compounds. The chemically reactive quenching compounds possess utility for labeling a wide variety of substances, including biomolecules. These labeled substances are highly useful for a variety of energy-transfer assays and applications.

Abstract: Chemically reactive carbocyanine dyes that are intramolecularly crosslinked between the 1-position and 3?-position, their bioconjugates and their uses are described. 1,3?-crosslinked carbocyanines are superior to those of conjugates of spectrally similar 1,1?-crosslinked or non-crosslinked dyes. The invention includes derivative compounds having one or more benzo nitrogens.

Abstract: The quenching compounds of the invention are weakly luminescent cyanines that are substituted by one or more heteroaromatic quenching moieties. The quenching compounds of the invention exhibit little or no observable luminescence and efficiently quench a broad spectrum of luminescent compounds. The chemically reactive quenching compounds possess utility for labeling a wide variety of substances, including biomolecules. These labeled substances are highly useful for a variety of energy-transfer assays and applications.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions and methods for treatment of vascular conditions. The invention provides arginine polymers and arginine homopolymers for the treatment and/or prevention of glaucoma, pulmonary hypertension, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, erectile dysfunction, Raynaud's syndrome, heparin overdose, vulvodynia, and wound healing. The invention also provides arginine polymers and arginine homopolymers for use in organ perfusate and preservation solutions.

Abstract: Chemically reactive carbocyanine dyes that are intramolecularly crosslinked between the 1-position and 3?-position, their bioconjugates and their uses are described. 1,3?-crosslinked carbocyanines are superior to those of conjugates of spectrally similar 1,1?-crosslinked or non-crosslinked dyes. The invention includes derivative compounds having one or more benzo nitrogens.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to the use of a formula that improves human and animal endurance, stamina, performance and other physical parameters. In one composition aspect, the formula or composition of the present invention includes a Flammulina velutipes extract and citrus peel.

Abstract: Chemically reactive carbocyanine dyes that are intramolecularly crosslinked between the 1-position and 3?-position, their bioconjugates and their uses are described. 1,3?-crosslinked carbocyanines are superior to those of conjugates of spectrally similar 1,1?-crosslinked or non-crosslinked dyes. The invention includes derivative compounds having one or more benzo nitrogens.

Abstract: Chemically reactive carbocyanine dyes that are intramolecularly crosslinked between the 1-position and the 3-position, their bioconjugates and their uses are described. 1,3?-crosslinked carbocyanines are superior to those of conjugates of spectrally similar 1,1?-crosslinked or non-crosslinked dyes. The invention includes derivate compounds having one or more benzo nitrogens.

Abstract: A catalytic process selectively produces ethanol by contacting synthesis gas (syngas), composed primarily of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, with three catalysts within a reactor. The first catalyst is a hydrogenation promoter comprising Cu—Zn, Mo or Fe with an optional alkali metal additive and an optional support of aluminum oxide, silica, zeolite or clay. The second catalyst is a homologation promoter comprising one or more of the Group VIII metals in free or combined form with a co-catalyst metals consisting of Y or lanthanide or actinide series metals with optional additives and support. The third catalyst is a hydrogenation promoter. This series of catalysts improves the selectivity and yield for ethanol from syngas.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions for enhancing immune function that include ingredients from natural sources. It is further directed to methods of administering the compositions and kits containing the compositions. In a composition aspect, the composition is for regulating immune function. It consists essentially of: 2 weight percent to 95 weight percent Eleuthero; 2 weight percent to 95 weight percent Stephania; and, 2 weight percent to 95 weight percent Epimedium.