Abstract: A method for calculating soft outputs of a detector used in a receiver that is part of a communication system having either memory introducing modulators or memoryless modulators. The output of a soft output detector, also known as reliability information, provides a probability that a certain symbol was transmitted by a transmitter of the communication system or the probability that a bit within a transmitted symbol was transmitted by a transmitter.

Abstract: In a wireless communications system, a base station transmits power control signals (e.g., the power control bits of a power control sub-channel) to a mobile using a forward-link channel that is decoupled from all other signals transmitted from that base station to that mobile. For example, the decoupled forward-link channel may be a common power control channel. The mobile then uses the power control signals received in the decoupled forward-link channel to control its power level for transmitting one or more reverse-link channels to the base station. The ability of base stations to use decoupled forward-link channels in order to transmit their power control signals to a mobile enables a mobile to operate with different active sets for the forward and reverse links. This enables forward-link data traffic to be implemented using a simplex mode, even when the mobile is operating in soft handoff in the reverse link.

Abstract: The present invention provides a network terminating unit configured to receive communication signals associated with a packet telephony system and modify said signals to maintain the quality of service of a data network associated with the packet telephony system at or below a certain level of quality of service independent of the traffic load of the data network.

Abstract: Bursts of additional bandwidth (e.g., one or more supplemental channels or a channel having variable bandwidth) is assigned to users (e.g., high-speed data users) in a cellular telecommunication system. A request for assignment of additional bandwidth may be an initial request, a continuation request for an on-going burst, or a retry request after a previously rejected request. In any case it is determined whether to grant or reject the request. If the request is rejected, instructions are given to submit a retry request after a specified backoff time. The present invention may be implemented using either an asynchronous approach or a synchronous approach. According to the asynchronous approach, all requests are handled asynchronously. According to the synchronous approach, initial requests are handled asynchronously, but continuation requests and retry requests are handled synchronously at epoch times that coincide with specific time slots.

Abstract: Hardware-software co-synthesis is the process of partitioning an embedded system specification into hardware and software modules to meet performance, power, and cost goals. Embedded systems are generally specified in terms of a set of acyclic task graphs. According to one embodiment, a co-synthesis algorithm, called CRUSADE, starts with periodic task graphs with real-time constraints and produces a low-cost heterogeneous distributed embedded system architecture meeting these constraints. CRUSADE addresses the co-synthesis of dynamically reconfigurable architectures. Fault-tolerant distributed embedded systems can offer high performance as well as dependability (reliability) and availability to meet the needs of critical real-time applications. The present invention can be easily extended to address the needs of fault-tolerant systems.

Abstract: A distortion analyzer for generating a distortion signal based on an input signal. For example, the distortion signal may be generated by adding a first signal corresponding to the entire spectrum of the input signal to a second signal corresponding to a low-frequency component of the input signal and then subtracting from the result of addition a third signal corresponding to a specific frequency band of the input signal. The effect of polarization mode dispersion that an optical signal experiences as it propagates through an optical transmission fiber may be compensated for at a receiver using a birefringent compensator, in which the distortion analyzer continuously examines the signal outputted by the compensator and supplies the distortion signal to the compensator, which causes the compensator to reduce the effect of such polarization mode dispersion based on the level of the distortion signal.

Abstract: A cipher device that can be configured to execute different types of cryptographic algorithms and perform more than one algorithm simultaneously. The device is operated from an external source and is implemented with a hardware architecture which exhibits the efficiency of conventional hardware based cipher devices as well as the flexibility of software based solutions.

Abstract: A technique for monitoring the calls placed to the telephone number associated with the party under surveillance. When a call to the telephone number associated with party under surveillance is placed, the call is routed via an assigned meet-me bridge, and a third party is provided with the unique telephone number of the meet-me bridge via a pager. When the third party places a call to the assigned meet-me bridge, the incoming call to the party under surveillance and the call by the third party are bridged. Thereon, the third party is placed on mute and the third party may silently listen to the conversation between the caller and the called party. When a call (i.e., a page) to a telephone number associated with a pager of the party under surveillance is received, a third party is alerted.

Abstract: A reflecting apparatus includes a flexible mirror and at least one rocker arm coupling an applied force to a plurality of spaced-apart locations on the mirror to adjust the shape of the mirror. The reflecting apparatus may be used in an interferometer in the path of one of the interfering beams, and adjustments of the shape of the mirror may be used to control the interference pattern generated. The interference pattern created by the apparatus may be used to create fiber Bragg gratings and phase masks, including chirped gratings and masks. An interferometer may use such a reflecting apparatus in the path of each interfering beam.