Abstract: Preparation of a macromolecular monomer of a lactone having an alpha-beta monoolefinically unsaturated "head" is effected at low temperature with a strong oxonium salt, such as a trialkyloxonium (TAO) hexafluorophosphate catalyst, with essentially no formation of cyclic oligomers and an insignificant amount of diacrylate. Cationic ring-opening polymerization of lactone monomer in conjunction with an unsaturated alcohol (propagator) having an acryloyl or methacryloyl double bond, produces a polylactone macromer having an ethylenic double bond at one end and a hydroxyl group at the other. The polymerization proceeds by polyaddition of the lactone to the OH group which is the propagating species. The macromer so formed allows the preparation of a macromer of block copolymer of the polylactone with a polyether such as epichlorohydrin, using the same TAO catalyst. In such a macromer of block copolymer, the polylactone ester block is next to the double bond, followed by the polyether block.

Abstract: Impact resistant properties, especially at low temperatures, melt processing properties, and dimensional stability of thermoplastic elastomer polyurethanes are improved by the addition of a carbonyl modified polyolefin. These improvements are particularly useful for reinforced polyurethanes.

Abstract: Water is treated with copolymers of an acrylic acid and an alkoxyalkyl acrylate ester which are devoid of acrylamide or methacrylamide. The copolymers are effective as scale inhibitors in the presence or absence of metal ions, particularly iron, manganese and zinc; and to stabilize or solubilize soluble metal ions such as iron, manganese, and zinc.

Abstract: A novel latex is derived from a crosslinked carboxylate latex containing from 1-20 phr of itaconic acid (IA) and at least 70 phr of one or more copolymerizable monomers one of which is an acrylate having the structure ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl; R.sub.2 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 alkoxyalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 alkylthioalkyl, or C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 cyanoalkyl; andat least 40 phr of said acrylate in said film is present as an alkyl acrylate in which alkyl is C.sub.4 -C.sub.8. The latex can only be formed in an aqueous medium by an emulsion polymerization process in which at least one-half of the IA is initially charged into a reactor, and the remaining ingredients of the recipe then added gradually. This unique order of addition produces a highly stable latex of polymer particles having a glass transition temperature (T.sub.g) in the range from about -20.degree. C. to about -60.degree. C.

Abstract: Process for preparing a pore-free polynorbornene product by bulk polymerizing a monomer charge containing at least one norbornene monomer having tricyclic or higher cyclic structure with a metathesis catalyst by controlling maximum exotherm temperature to a level of 160.degree. C. or below or by controlling the temperature difference to 80.degree. C. or below between the inner and exterior temperatures during the cooling period of said product from the maximum exotherm to the glass transition temperature of said product.

Abstract: Inhibition of scale is obtained by adding to an aqueous medium 0.5 to 500 ppm of a copolymer containing at least one of each of the following three monomers:(a) monounsaturated carboxylic acids as well as salts and anhydrides thereof, the acids containing 3 to 5 carbon atoms, such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid or its anhydride;(b) acrylamidoalkane sulfonic acids and salts thereof, such as 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid; and(c) styrene sulfonic acid and its salts.

Abstract: Dispersion of particulate matter, especially iron, is obtained by adding to an aqueous medium 0.5 to 500 ppm of a copolymer containing at least one of each of the following three monomer moieties:(a) monounsaturated carboxylic acids as well as salts and anhydrides thereof, the acids containing 3 to 5 carbon atoms, such as an acrylic acid and methacrylic acid;(b) acrylamidoalkane sulfonic acids and salts thereof, such as 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid; and(c) primary copolymerizable monomers selected from vinyl alcohol, styrene sulfonic acids and salts thereof, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Polyurethane sealant and coating compositions made from blocked isocyanate-terminated prepolymers have improved shelf stability when an effective amount of a carbodiimide is utilized therewith. Such compositions and coating materials can be stored in sealed containers or cartridges for relatively long periods of time, for example in excess of five or six months, without significant loss of curability which adversely affects physical properties upon cure. One part as well as two part polyurethane sealant and coating compositions are stabilized by the addition of the carbodiimide stabilizing agent whereas the addition of an organosilane abates viscosity increase during storage.

Abstract: An antistatic additive for PVC, or other chlorine containing polymers, or polystyrene and/or other styrene containing polymers, including but not limited to polymers of styrene and acrylonitrile, such as ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) or mixtures thereof and blends of any of these, wherein the antistatic additive includes, at least in part, ethylene oxide and epihalohydrin. The antistatic additive is semicrystalline, and the ethylene oxide component is in a range of from about 60% to 95% by weight, preferably 80% to 95% by weight, and the epihalohydrin component is in a range of from about 5% to about 40% by weight, preferably 5% to 20% by weight. Optionally, up to 25% of the additive can include, as a replacement for epihalohydrin, one or more 1,2-epoxides.

Abstract: Fibers in non-woven fibrous goods are bonded together by a crosslinked carboxylated acrylate polymer which forms a network of coalesced latex particles bonding contiguous fibers. This network exists as a non-continuous, porous film supported upon the fibers of the non-woven goods. The particles are of polymer derived from a crosslinked carboxylate latex containing from 1-20 phr of itaconic acid (IA) and at least 70 phr of one or more copolymerizable monomers one of which is an acrylate having the structure ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl;R.sub.2 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 alkoxyalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 alkylthioalkyl, or C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 cyanoalkyl; andat least 40 phr of said acrylate in said film is present as an alkyl acrylate in which alkyl is C.sub.4 -C.sub.8.

Abstract: This invention pertains to the use of organoammonium, organophosphonium, organoarsonium heteropolymolybdates and heteropolytungstates, and mixtures thereof, as catalysts in a metathesis catalyst system in polymerization of cycloolefin monomers by ring opening polymerization. Polymerization can be by reaction injection molding in absence of a solvent whereby a thermoset polymer is produced or by solution polymerization in presence of a suitable solvent whereby a thermosetting or a thermoplastic polymer is produced. The cycloolefin monomers are selected from monocycloolefins except cyclohexane, polycycloolefins containing at least one norbornene group, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A method wherein polymer stabilizers are suspended in a liquid carrier through the use of rheology agents so that a slurry is formed. The slurry can be stored with little or no setting of the stabilizers until needed and then transferred and applied to a polymer such as a thermoplastic polymer. Inasmuch as the slurry is often thixotropic, it can be readily transferred as upon the application of a pumping force thereto. Typically, the polymer can be treated upon the manufacture thereof or immediately thereafter. Polymers so treated have improved storage and processing stablity. Moreover, the stability of the final product is improved.

Abstract: This invention pertains to the use of organophosphonium and organoarsonium molybdates and tungstates as catalysts in a metathesis catalyst system in polymerization of cycloolefin monomers by ring opening polymerization. Polymerization can be by reaction injection molding in absence of a solvent whereby a thermoset polymer is produced or by solution polymerization in presence of a suitable solvent whereby a thermosetting or a thermoplastic polymer is produced. The cycloolefin monomers are polycycloolefins containing at least one norbornene group, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Polymer and process of polymerizing a monomer charge containing at least 85% of an olefinically unsaturated carboxyl monomer of 3 to 5 carbon atoms at up to 15% of a copolymerizable comonomer, in the presence of a mixed reaction medium containing an organic solvent and a hydrocarbon solvent in respective weight ratio of 95/5 to 1/99, said organic solvent is selected from ketones, esters, ethers, and alcohols having solubility parameter in the range of 8 to 15 and said hydrocarbon solvent is selected from aliphatic and cyclic aliphatic alkanes containing 4 to 12 carbon atoms and non-benzene aromatics of 7 to 9 carbon atoms. Said organic solvent and said hydrocarbon solvent are preferably liquid at room temperature. Viscosity of the 0.2% by weight polymer is in excess of 15,000 cps, preferably in excess of 20,000 cps, and its clarity is at least 80%, preferably 85% transmittance. Viscosity of 1% mucilages containing 1% sodium chloride salt is greater than 5,000 cps, preferably greater than 8,000 cps.

Abstract: Nitrile rubber emulsion latexes containing anionic emulsifying aids such as surfactants are treated with large amounts of cationic polymeric coagulants to form innocuous water insoluble residues. The polymeric coagulants chemically react with the anionic emulsifying aids by forming polymer adducts whereby the adducts are physically maintained in the nitrile rubber. The need for complete or thorough washing steps, which is generally tedious, expensive, and commercially impractical, is thus reduced or eliminated. Moreover, the dried latex particles have been found to have improved properties such as water resistance, adhesion, and the like.

Abstract: N-substituted, N-(polysubstituted-4-piperidinyl)-.alpha.-(3,5-dialkyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-.a lpha.,.alpha.-disubstituted acetamide ("3,5-DHPIPA") generates an exceptionally stable hindered acetamide aroxyl radical which is far more stable than the "blue aroxyl radical" derived from 2,4,6-tri-tert-butyl-phenol, which radical was heretofore adjudged the standard of superior stability and resistance to degradation due to heat, oxygen and light, the compound having been specifically disclosed as a uv-stabilizer. The hindered aroxyl amide radical which is at least ten times more stable than the "blue aroxyl radical" heretofore deemed stable, may be generated by 3,5-DHPIPA compounds prepared by a peculiarly effective synthesis known as the ketoform reaction. This ketoform reaction is unexpectedly well-adapted to produce the 3,5-DHPIPA compounds which we have been unable to produce by any other synthesis known to us.

Abstract: A urethane sealant or coating composition is made from a physical blend of a polypropyleneoxide polyol intermediate and an organic-silicone block copolymer based polyol intermediate. The urethane prepolymer is made by reacting the physical intermediate blend with a polyisocyanate and preferably blocking the same with blocking agents such as phenols to prevent reaction with moisture in the air. Cure is effected through the utilization of curing agents such as polyamines or polyimines, for example, diamines, amine terminated polyethers, ketimines, aldimines, and the like. The sealant composition can contain various fillers, organosilanes, and the like. The prepolymers of the present invention generally have improved elongation and reduced modulus. Either a one-part or a two-part system can be utilized.

Abstract: Oral compositions and a method for inhibiting tartar on teeth, said compositions comprise a fluoride source, a dental abrasive, and an antihydrolysis agent selected from homopolymers of substituted acrylamides, homopolymers of unsaturated sulfonic acids and salts thereof, and homopolymers and copolymers of cationic monomers. The antihydrolysis agents have molecular weight of 100 to 100,000 and inhibit hydrolysis of polyphosphates to orthophosphates. Whereas polyphosphates generally are effective in inhibiting formation of tartar on teeth, orthophosphates are relatively ineffective.

Abstract: An essentially single stage reaction has been discovered in which a disubstituted ethanolamine, that is, a 2,2'-substituted-2-aminoethanol, may be reacted with a haloform and a carbonyl containing compound selected from the group consisting of monoketones and benzaldehyde, in the presence of an alkali metal hydroxide, and optionally in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst, to produce an alkali metal hydroxyethylaminoacetate ("HEAA") which has N-adjacent C atoms on which there are a total of at least three substituents (hence "polysubstituted"), and one or both pairs of substituents on each N-adjacent C atom may be cyclized. The HEAA may be cyclized by the action of a mineral acid to produce a 2-morpholone hydrochloride which is characterized by having a total of at least three substituents on the N-adjacent C atoms of the ring. The 2-morpholone so produced may be reduced to a polysubstituted aminodiol.

Abstract: This invention pertains to the use of certain acrylic polymers in conjunction with other materials which characterize cleaners of alkaline earth metal scales and metal oxides and hydroxides, particularly citric acid, malic acid, and oxalic acid. Amount of the acrylic polymer is up to 100%, preferably 20 to 80%, based on the weight of a cleaner composition which includes the acrylic polymer. Suitable acrylic polymers are selected from homopolymers of acrylic and methacrylic acids, salts thereof, a copolymers of acrylic and methacrylic acids and salts thereof with 5 to 50% of one or more copolymerizable monomers, the acrylic polymers have molecular weight (M.sub.W) of 500 to 100,000.