Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition comprising human Interleukin-4 (IL-4).

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of enhancing the reparative phase of wound healing and repair in a mammal by administering to the wound site during the reparative phase an effective amount of IL-4. Also disclosed are methods of enhancing the healing and repair of infected wounds, wounds of diabetic mammals, and wounds of immunocompromised mammals by administering a therapeutically effective amount of IL-4 to the wound.

Abstract: Hybrid regulatory proteins are provided which contain amino acid sequences that are susceptible to cleavage by specific proteolytic enzymes. When acted upon by such enzymes, the hybrid regulatory proteins are rendered substantially less active, thereby altering the rate of production of products of indicator genes that are controlled by the regulatory proteins. Also provided are DNAs encoding such regulatory proteins, recombinant vectors and transformed eukaryotic cells containing such DNAs, and methods for identifying inhibitors of the specific proteolytic enzymes.

Abstract: Described is a method for potentiating the effects of chemotherapeutic agents or radiation therapy in mammals afflicted with cancer. The method comprises administering IL-4 in conjunction either with other chemotherapeutic agents or with radiation therapy.

Abstract: A method for solubulizing and refolding insoluble aggregates of HCV protease is presented. Insoluble aggregates of HCV NS3 protease are extracted from bacteria producing the aggregates. The aggregates of HCV NS3 are then solubilized in a buffer containing the denaturing reagent. Solubilized protease is then placed in an acidic buffer containing a reducing agent. The denaturing reagent is then removed from the buffer under acidic conditions. The pH of the buffer containing HCV NS3 protease is then raised in a step-wise manner to a pH of about 7-8 so as to produce properly refolded soluble, active HCV NS3 protease.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for purifying Interleukin-10 (IL-10). The method is comprised of subjecting an IL-10 containing solution to cation exchange chromatography, anion exchange chromatography, hydroxyapatite chromatography, and gel filtration chromatography. The present invention is also comprised of a process for separating different IL-10 dimers present in a protein fraction from each other by subjecting the protein fraction to hydroxyapatite chromatography. The present invention is also comprised of a process for separating variants of a protein differing in an N-terminal amino acid sequence present in a protein fraction from each other by subjecting the protein fraction to hydroxyapatite chromatography.

Abstract: Humanized monoclonal antibodies are provided which are specific for human IL-4 and have properties unexpectedly superior to other, previously available humanized antibodies. Single-chain binding proteins, fusion proteins, and antigenic or IL-4 binding fragments of such antibodies are also provided by this invention. Also provided are nucleic acids which encode the heavy and light chain variable regions of such monoclonal antibodies or antigenic fragments thereof; anti-idiotypic antibodies; and methods for detecting, measuring and immunopurifying human IL-4, and for blocking or mimicking the biological activity of human IL-4.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for inhibiting HIV replication in a patient which comprises administering to a patient infected with HIV a therapeutically effective amount of IL-4.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for enhancing the immune response of a mammal to a vaccine by administering to such a mammal an effective amount of GM-CSF in conjunction with a vaccine. The present invention further provides for pharmaceutical compositions containing an effective amount of GM-CSF and a vaccine. Kits containing GM-CSF and a vaccine are also disclosed.

Abstract: Nucleic acids encoding the .alpha. chain of the human interleukin-3 (IL-3) receptor, as well as the .alpha. chain itself, are provided. The .alpha. chain may be expressed with the .beta. chain in cellular hosts to form compositions useful in screening agonists and antagonists of human IL-3.

Abstract: Novel synthetic polypeptides comprising the amino acid subsequence Arg-Arg-Lys-Trp-Gln are provided by this invention. Also provided are methods for the use of such polypeptides, other known polypeptides containing such subsequence and a variety of acidic or basic polypeptides and proteins as inhibitors of the binding of gamma interferon to its cellular receptors. The methods of this invention are potentially applicable to the treatment of pathological conditions believed to be mediated by gamma interferon, such as autoimmune disease.

Abstract: This invention provides a crystalline form of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (r-h-GM-CSF) and methods for making such crystals.

Abstract: Disclosed are chiral hydrazine derivatives of the formula (Ia), (Ib), (Ic) and (Id) ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl;R.sup.3 is H or R.sup.4 wherein R.sup.4 is a hydroxy protecting group; andZ is H, --CHO, --C(O)OC(CH.sub.3).sub.3 or --C(O)OCH.sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.5.Also described is a process for preparing chiral hydrazines of the formula (Ia), (Ib), (Ic) and (Id).

Abstract: Hybrid regulatory proteins are provided which contain amino acid sequences that are susceptible to cleavage by specific proteolytic enzymes. When acted upon by such enzymes, the hybrid regulatory proteins are rendered substantially less active, thereby altering the rate of production of products of indicator genes that are controlled by the regulatory proteins. Also provided are DNAs encoding such regulatory proteins, recombinant vectors and transformed eukaryotic cells containing such DNAs, and methods for identifying inhibitors of the specific proteolytic enzymes.

Abstract: A process for crystallizing recombinant human interleukin 4 (rhulL-4) from a solution containing a sulfate or citrate salt is described. The crystalline form is suitable for x-ray diffraction and has wide applications in several pharmaceutical processes including purification, formulation and manufacturing.

Abstract: Humanized monoclonal antibodies are provided which are specific for human IL-4 and have properties unexpectedly superior to other, previously available humanized antibodies. Also provided are nucleic acids which encode the heavy and light chain variable regions of such monoclonal antibodies or antigenic fragments thereof; anti-idiotypic antibodies; and methods for detecting, measuring and immunopurifying human IL-4, and for blocking or mimicking the biological activity of human IL-4.

Abstract: Strains of E. coli are provided which are capable of secreting heterologous recombinant proteins through the outer cell wall and directly into the culture medium. Methods are also provided for making and identifying such strains, and for using them to make heterologous proteins that have high biological activity, without the need for cell disruption.

Abstract: The invention provides novel phenyl-alkyl-imidazoles of the formula ##STR1## wherein A, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, m and n are as defined in the specification, and the group --(CH.sub.2)n--A--R.sup.1 is at the 3- or 4-position, together with their pharmaceutically acceptable salts. These phenyl-alkyl-imidazoles and salts have valuable pharmacological properties, especially CNS activities and activity against inflammatory disease.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing 3-exomethylene cephalosporanic acid derivatives for use in the synthesis of cephalosporin antibiotics such as ceftibuten. The process comprises electrochemical reduction of a compound of the formula (IV) ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.3 is CH.sub.3 C(O)--; ##STR2## is an optional sulfoxide group; n is 2 or 3; R.sup.1 is H and R is H or NHR.sup.2, where R.sup.2 is H or a protecting group selected from C.sub.6 H.sub.5 CH.sub.2 OC(O)--, C.sub.6 H.sub.5 C(O)-- or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy--C(O)--; or wherein R and R.sup.1 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached comprise --C(O)--, and produces the desired 3-exomethylene compounds with low levels of the corresponding 3-methyl tautomers.

Abstract: This invention provides an improved process for producing azetidinones. More particularly, this invention provides the steps of producing an azetidinone represented by the formula I ##STR1## from a carboxylic acid R.sup.2 --D--CH.sub.2 COOH, an aldehyde R.sup.1 --A--CHO and an amine RNH.sub.2, by the steps of: (a) converting a carboxylic acid to the corresponding acid chloride; (b) deprotonating a chiral oxazolidinone and treating the resulting anion with the product of step (a); (c) enolizing the product of step (b) and condensing with an imine; and (d) cyclizing the product of step (c). Steps (c) and (d) of this process are as shown in the following reaction scheme.