Abstract: A cutter having a tubular slide of circular cross section concentric with a pressure screw and guided by a pawl pivoted in a slot in the cutter frame and extending through a longitudinal slot in the slide into engagement with the pressure screw.

Abstract: A pipe flange coupling having a carbon steel body and flange with a bore extending through the body and flange and a bolt circle in the flange, a lining throughout the entire length and circumference of the bore, and a sealing surface on the flange radially inward of the bolt circle and radially outward of the bore, the sealing surface and lining being of corrosion resistant metal fusion welded to each other and to the flange and bore and providing a structurally unitary body which meets the pressure code and also protects the carbon steel from corrosion.

Abstract: A ratchet wrench with an improved socket releasing mechanism.

Abstract: An apparatus that performs a continuous separation of and the purification of chemical compounds by employing both the phenomena of electrophoresis and chromatography or electrophoresis alone, dependent on the material to be separated. The material to be separated has laminar flow through a chromatographic bed while subjected to an electric field from opposite side edges. The differences in molecular weight or density cause a difference in rate of flow of the components of the chemical compound so the chemical compounds have different lateral movements under the influence of the electric field and are physically separated at the outlet end of the bed.

Abstract: A grounded trouble light and extension cord which permits light and power to be obtained alternatively from a battery or from an A.C. outlet.

Abstract: A ratchet wrench with an improved reversing and socket releasing mechanism.

Abstract: A drill having at least two indexable radially spaced inserts arranged with axially projecting cutting points to machine overlapping concentric grooves, the outermost insert machining a groove having an outside diameter equal to the diameter of the hole and the innermost insert machining a groove overlapping the center of the hole, and radial components of the cutting thrust on said inserts being in opposition and balancing each other. The cutting thrust may be balanced by the number, shape and/or the rake of the cutting edges.

Abstract: A shoe lace tightener in which a housing open at the top and back and closed at the front, sides and bottom has a spindle extending from front to back on which the hub of a reel for a shoe lace is journaled. A spring biases the reel in the direction to retract the lace by winding on the reel. A lever at the top of the housing unlocks the lace to permit winding and unwinding of the lace and locks the lace in the desired position. A clip with sides straddling the side walls of the case has a back section partially closing the back of the case and holding the hub and lever in the case.

Abstract: Apparatus for spreading granular material such as salt, cinders and the like in which the conveyor is an assembly insertable into the hopper and the drive for the conveyor and spreader are mounted on the assembly. The conveyor assembly rests on the bottom wall of the hopper. The discharge of material starts at the rear wall of the hopper. The result is a reduction in the weight, height and length and a lowering of the center of gravity of the apparatus.

Abstract: A monolithic ceramic capacitor with base metal electrodes fired in an atmosphere of oxygen at low partial pressure in which the reaction between the electrodes and the ceramic prevents conversion of the ceramic into the semiconductive state. The base metal is a transition metal or a transition metal alloy, preferably nickel. The method is usable with any green ceramic without changing the firing temperature. The only change required is from the normal oxygen partial pressure in the kiln open to the atmosphere to an atmosphere of much lower oxygen partial pressure.

Abstract: A marker or clearance light for semi trailers and the like which increases the life by a factor of from 3 to 10.

Abstract: A monolithic ceramic capacitor having embedded electrodes formed by cosintering of ceramic dielectric layers and layers indifferent to the dielectric layers corresponding in area and position to the electrodes. The indifferent layers are converted to a conductive state, for example, by chemical conversion and used as such or are removed and replaced by metal or conductive material. One example in which the indifferent layers comprise nickel oxide involves stacking layers of green ceramic coated with nickel oxide in the desired electrode pattern, sintering the stacked layers to produce a monolith, reducing the nickel oxide in the monolith to metallic nickel in a hydrogen atmosphere at a temperature low enough to have minimal effect upon the dielectric properties of the ceramic and using the metallic nickel as reduced for the ceramic capacitor electrodes.

Abstract: A cutter for trimming plastic pipe which has been roughed in with an end projecting through an opening in a floor so that the trimmed end is in fixed relation, above or below, the surface of the floor. The cutter comprises a housing with its lower end riding on the surface of the floor, an internal saw with its cutting edge in a plane parallel to the surface of the floor received within the pipe end adjacent one side of the pipe and vertically adjustable to establish the level of cutting, and internal guide fingers exerting a thrust on the side of the pipe opposite the saw and adjustable to move the housing sufficiently to force the saw through the wall of the pipe end after which the fingers guide further rotation of the housing about the axis of the pipe end to complete the cut.

Abstract: A combination turn signal and hazard warning flasher with variable load in which (1) the flashing frequency is controlled by a Cmos oscillator with a flashing frequency independent of lamp voltage or current, (2) the lamp load current passes through relay contacts and not through the turn signal switch, and (3) which may be used on positive ground and negative ground systems.

Abstract: A capacitor having electrodes consisting essentially of 65-95 parts tin and 35-5 parts zinc.

Abstract: A pusher type hand snow plow in which the lower edge of the blade is supported by runners and the supporting frame for the blade has a raised center to which side frames incline upwardly and rearwardly from the lower edge of the blade. The raised center prevents jamming in deep snow.

Abstract: A checker for the tractor cable which supplies power for semi trailer lights in which a light emitting diode indicates continuity. The checker is usable with positive and negative ground and in a preferred form also indicates polarity.

Abstract: A milling cutter with an infinite adjustment for face run out of the cutting edges in which each cutting edge may be held within 1/10,000 of an inch or less of a common plane. For numerically controlled machines the common plane may be located a fixed distance from the back of the cutter body. Another feature is a positive stop on the wedge which guarantees that once adjusted each insert will remain in adjusted position.

Abstract: A liquid level monitor using the difference between the refraction of light by a prism in contact with air and by the same prism in contact with liquid being monitored to give warning of low liquid level. In preferred form for monitoring engine oil level, light is transmitted to a prism by an incoming fiber optic lead and returned from the prism by a return fiber optic lead. When the oil level is normal, the prism is in contact with the oil and the incoming light is transmitted into the oil and dissipated. When the oil level drops, the incoming light is reflected by the prism to the return lead and the reflected light is used to provide the indication of low oil level.

Abstract: The energy required for forced air drying fruits such as raisins, grapes, prunes, etc. is decreased by from 25 to 50 percent by substituting trays of molded thermoplastic resin for the wood trays now in use. Part of the increased efficiency comes from better contact of the air with the fruit and the balance of the improvement comes from the elimination of water absorption which has heretofore been present in the wood trays. The plastic trays also have much longer life.