Abstract: A modulator comprising two differential FET pairs, each pair having a current generator feeding the source electrodes thereof, a voltage source being coupled between the drain electrodes of each pair and the current generator. A low frequency signal is applied to one of the gate electrodes of each pair, ninety degrees out of phase with each other and a high frequency signal is applied to the other of the gate electrodes of each pair, ninety degrees out of phase with each other. The result is that all of the generated frequencies except one side band is cancelled at the drain electrodes of the pairs. The particular side band recovered is determined by the direction of the ninety degree phase shift between the signals.

Abstract: A visible light and near infrared imaging device is disclosed. The imaging device comprises X-Y addressing means, an array of opto-electronic semiconductor elements or cells, a multiplexer, a precharge switch, and an amplifier. The X-Y addressing means selectively addresses each cell of the array of opto-electronic semiconductor cells and corresponding multiplexer switch for connecting a reference voltage to each cell to charge each element to the reference voltage, then to isolate each element and vary its voltage in proportion to the intensity of the impinging light, and finally to read out selectively the voltage of each element to the amplifier for amplifying the electrical signals representative of the light intensity to a working level for processing into video signals.

Abstract: An improved method of making a fuel cell electrode wherein a thin carbonized paper-like substrate is first impregnated with an electrolyte-repelling material, and thereafter a thin layer of catalyst material is screen printed thereupon.

Abstract: An apparatus for translating information in one form to electrical signals for driving a single junction emitter light source is disclosed. For example, a device for scanning radiant energy includes a detector array for converting detected invisible electromagnetic energy emanating from a body into electrical signals representative thereof, an electrical signal processing means coupled to the detector array for processing the electrical signals thereof for display, and a single junction emitter array for producing visible light indicative of the invisible electromagnetic energy emanating from the detected body.

Abstract: An improved marine radio telephone is disclosed which has a housing having an angular opening suitable for either above or below eye level installation and a chassis having printed wiring board support members including a tiltable front panel support member for adapting the front panel to correspond to the position of the housing when mounted therein and a rear support member for supporting the transmitter board and heat sink for improved heat dissipation. The front panel includes a keyboard having keys for selecting digits 0 to 9, an emergency channel, and weather channels, a display for displaying the channel selected, control knobs for volume and squelch control, and switches for power and U.S.A. or international channel selection. The printed wiring boards include a front panel board, a digital input/output and power board, a frequency synthesizer board, a receiver board and a transmitter board. The front panel board sends operating signals to and receives outputs from the other boards.

Abstract: A mechanically scanned antenna system having a multiport rotary switch for sector scanning is disclosed. The switch includes a stationary subassembly and a rotating subassembly. The stationary subassembly contains the input ports and the rotating subassembly contains the multiple output ports associated with each input port. Each of the multiple output ports of the switch is sequentially activated through its designed active sector to produce the desired antenna scan pattern. The stationary subassembly includes a barrier member which is rotatable to selectively orient and maintain orientation of the active region of the antenna system at any position through 360.degree..

Abstract: A delta frame circuit is disclosed. The delta frame circuit is connected to the video output of, for example, an imaging system for the purpose of producing a moving target indication radar or, for example, a chopped imaging system for the purpose of removing fixed pattern or undesirable offset voltages. The delta frame circuit comprises a plurality of capacitors having top plates connected to the video output and lower plates connected to the drains of a first plurality of field effect transistors. The gates and sources of these field effect transistors are connected, respectively, to a Y address circuit and drains of a second plurality of field effect transistors. The gates and sources of these field effect transistors are connected, respectively, to a X address circuit and to the drains of a third plurality of field effect transistors whose gates and sources are connected, respectively, to the Y address circuit, and junction of a precharge reference voltage and output amplifier.

Abstract: A multiphase stepper motor is used to position the printhead of a thermal printer. Movement of the printhead is controlled by sequentially enabling adjacent phases of the stepper motor. While enabled, the current flowing in any phase is controlled by a switching regulator. During those periods when the switching regulator is turned off, the decaying current in an enabled phase flows through a flyback diode, the power loss associated with the flyback diode circuit being very small. Accordingly, the decay of current in the inductive phase winding is primarily controlled by the losses of the winding itself. When a phase is disabled, however, and the next phase enabled by the enabling means of the controller, it is desired that the inductive current in the disabled phase rapidly decay to zero. This is accomplished by a circuit in the decaying current path and in series with the flyback diode, this circuit being switchable to a high loss condition during the decaying phase of the inductive current.

Abstract: An improved ferroelectric imaging system comprises a chopper, lens system, ferroelectric detector matrix, switching matrix, temperature controlled heat sink, drive and read out electronics, video processor and display. The chopper interrupts infrared energy emanating from a scene, and the lens system focuses the chopped infrared energy on the ferroelectric detector matrix which produces electrical signals representative of the infrared energy impinging thereon. The signals are read out by the drive and read out electronics whose action is synchronized with the chopper action, processed in the video processor and displayed by the display. The ferroelectric detector matrix comprises a plurality of detector capacitor elements whose top plates are formed by conductor stripes longitudinally disposed on a dielectric of ferroelectric material and whose lower plates are a plurality of metal pads formed on the dielectric.

Abstract: A digital joystock is interfaced to a video game by utilizing diodes for isolation and providing means for strobing the digital joystick. In this manner, the number of conductors required in the cable coupling the digital joystick to the video game circuitry is significantly reduced. In one embodiment, a matrix-type keyboard is included in the remote control unit without adding a significant number of additional conductors. Furthermore, the multiplexer ordinarily required to couple the conductors from the digital joystick and the matrix keyboard is eliminated by this technique.

Abstract: A calculator program is stored on a magnetic recording medium or in a memory such as a read-only-memory. The program is read into or coupled to a programmable calculator for controlling the programmable calculator. A calculator program security system is provided whereby a security code is stored along with the program. If the security code is set, then the program cannot be examined by an operator of the calculator but the program may still be used to control the calculator. If the security code is not set, the operator may examine the program by using the calculator's learn mode. By setting the security code when the program is first stored on the magnetic recording medium or in the aforementioned memory, a proprietary program may be protected from someone using the programmable calculator to obtain a copy of the proprietary program.

Abstract: A transceiver includes an antenna having an input for transmitting electrical signals applied thereto. Signal generating means are provided for generating electrical reference signals of a fixed frequency. Transmission means selectively couple the reference signals to the antenna input in response to logic signals. Sensing means digitally indicate the forward voltage waveforms and reverse voltage waveforms on the antenna when the reference signals are applied thereto. A processor is coupled to selectively generate the logic signals and to receive the digital signals indicating the magnitude of the forward voltage and reverse voltage for making signal strength calculations thereon.

Abstract: A radio system includes a charge transfer device transversal filter for receiving electronic input signals comprised of at least one frequency band. The charge transfer device simultaneously receives a clocking signal, and filters and frequency shifts its input signals in response to the frequency of the clocking signal. Clocking means are provided for generating the clocking signal at frequencies as indicated in digital micro commands. A digital processor has outputs coupled to the clocking means for sending the micro commands to the clocking means.

Abstract: An electronic timekeeping system is implemented in bipolar integrated circuit technology for displaying time by way of a digital display. The bipolar circuitry is implemented utilizing integrated injection logic and is interconnected with a plurality of circuit elements connected in parallel in levels such that the levels are electrically stacked and serially diode coupled.

Abstract: A clarifying radio receiver has a charge transfer device filter which is coupled to receive input signals consisting of a plurality of frequency bands lying respectively within a plurality of non-overlapping frequency channels. The filter simultaneously receives clocking signals, and has a plurality of spaced apart passbands which shift in frequency dependent upon the frequency of the clocking signals. Clocking means generate the clocking signals with an incrementally adjustable frequency. The increments are smaller than the width of the channels thereby permitting a selected one of the filter passbands to be precisely aligned about a fixed reference frequency.

Abstract: A time base generator is adapted to deliver a first and a second clock signal whose frequencies are fixed and in a ratio equal to a predetermined multiple. A forward counter counts the number of pulses of the second clock signal produced between two successive pulses of an input signal. A first buffer memory stores that number during the next counting period of the forward counter. A backward counter counts down number stored in the buffer memory in synchronism with the first clock signal. A first gate produces an output pulse at the end of each count-down of said number by the backward counter and applies that output pulse to the backward counter to control a new countdown of said number. By using as input signal the signal of a pick-up delivering one pulse per revolution of a rotating member, one obtains an angular coding of the rotation of this member. The apparatus may be used for controlling the ignition advance angle of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An electrochromic display cell wherein a dry ceramic-like electrolyte acts as the structural support substrate for display electrode and counter-electrode layers as well as the electrical contact layers which comprise the display cell.

Abstract: A line interlaced video signal having odd and even alternating fields produces an alphanumeric character display in the form of a dot matrix character, each matrix location comprising segments of two next adjacent lines in the display. To improve the resolution of the characters, diagonals are detected and partly filled to provide a rounded effect. Two parallel-in serial-out shift registers are used, one of the shift registers having an associated input buffer store. A binary word representing dot information for one row of a character is read out from a dot matrix character generator ROM and loaded into one of the shift registers. On even (odd) fields the ROM output for the previous (succeeding) row is read and loaded into the other shift register. The last two bits of the two shift registers are compared to detect diagonals in the character information and used to modify the video signal to lengthen the leading or trailing edge of the corresponding dot to produce the rounded character.

Abstract: A television tuning system having a non-volatile memory for storing digital tune words is electrically updated by a microcomputer type architecture control circuitry. A ROM memory matrix is provided for the storage of VHF minimum and maximum binary tune words corresponding to each of twelve VHF channels in addition to a UHF minimum and maximum binary tune word encompassing all possible 72 UHF channels. Tuning of individual VHF and UHF chanels is accomplished by incrementing or decrementing a given tune word within the minimum and maximum limits established in the ROM memory matrix by means of a microcomputer processing approach.

Abstract: Signal processing wherein signals are processed using chirp-Z-transform (CZT) techniques and charge transfer device (CTD) transversal filters. The chirp weighting signal may be amplitude modulated to achieve signal apodization and may be generated by impulsing a CTD complex filter having an appropriate impulse response. Signal premultiplication using a one-bit quantized chirp signal is described.Application of these techniques to doppler range processing apparatus wherein radar returns are premultiplied to provide up-chirp multiplied time samples prior to being inputted into a CTD range buffer. Each bit of the CTD has an associated CTD chirp Z-transform complex filter the outputs from each of which are summed and squared. The range bins and the associated complex filters are provided on a common semiconductor chip together with peripheral circuitry.