Abstract: Certain base catalyzed oxyalkylated-cardanol-alkylphenol-aldehyde resins may be utilized in refinery demulsification operations. These materials find particular utility in breaking water-in-oil emulsions resulting from the water wash of crude oils. The materials may also be employed to break other water-in-oil refinery emulsions.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 22, 1994
Date of Patent:
June 11, 1996
Assignee:
Nalco Chemical Company
Inventors:
Hernando Diaz-Arauzo, Paul M. Lindemuth, Bryan T. O'Reilly
Abstract: A composition suitable for use as a binder of ceramic materials is disclosed. The improved binder contains substantially hydrolyzed copolymer made from monomers having ester or amide functional groups, poly(vinyl formamide) or a copolymer of vinyl alcohol and vinyl amine.
Abstract: A chemically assisted process for dewatering mining waste solids on mechanical separation devices with at least one flocculant and at least one coagulant. It comprises using as the coagulant a diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride copolymer which contains from 3-25 mole % of acrylamide and which has been cross linked with from 0.01 to 0.5 mole % of triallyl amine.
Abstract: The-silica content of cooling water blow-down waters is reduced by contacting these waters with a colloidal alumina which adsorbs a portion of the silica. The blow-down is then dialyzed to produce a permeate having a reduced silica content. In a preferred embodiment of the invention the permeate is recycled.
Abstract: In drainage systems in buildings and excavations there is waste and ground water with a high dissolved material content. These mainly inorganic substances often cause the build-up of hard deposits in the water conveying parts of the drainage systems, e.g. waste water pipes. These deposits reduce the drainage cross section of the drainage systems thus preventing the water from flowing freely and thus causing back-ups which can result in considerable damage. The current processes of removing these deposits are electro-mechanical cleaning and high-pressure rinsing or abrading with water. These processes are laborious, expensive and cause interruptions in operation. It is the aim of the invention to prevent the formation of such deposits. To this end, a conditioning agent in aqueous form is added via a metering installation at one or more points in the drainage system.
Abstract: Selenium compounds present in aqueous liquids can be removed using a poly dithiocarbamate materials. The selenium compounds are then removed by precipitation or sedimentation. Optionally, an oxidizing agent may be added to the system prior to the addition of the poly dithiocarbamate. Various filtration methods may be employed to remove the selenium-dithiocarbamate materials from aqueous liquids.
Abstract: A method for controlling pitch in papermaking systems which comprises the step of adding a hydrophobic polyelectrolyte copolymer coagulant to pulp and paper process water. The hydrophobic polyelectrolyte copolymer coagulant preferably comprises a first monomer selected from the group of hydrophilic monomers and hydrophobic monomers, and a vinyl siloxane monomer.
Abstract: A process for enhancing the freeness of paper pulp, which comprises the steps of adding to the pulp from about 0.5 to about 2.5 kilograms per ton based on the dry weight of the pulp, of a cellulolytic enzyme at the vertical tank of the papermaking process, allowing the pulp to contact the cellulolytic enzyme for from about 30 minutes to about 60 minutes, adding at least 0.011%, based on the dry weight of the pulp, of a water soluble cationic polymer, adding at least 0.007%, based on the dry weight of the pulp, of a water soluble anionic polymer and forming the thus treated pulp into paper.
Abstract: An apparatus of provided for simulating corrosion activity of a high temperature liquid stream. The apparatus includes a canister in which is positioned a plug, occupying part of the internal volume of the canister. A stream of high temperature liquid enters the canister through an inlet, flows around the plug, and exits the canister through an outlet. The volume and configuration of the plug may be varied to simulate corrosion activity under various flow regimes. Probes may be placed in the liquid stream to detect corrosion activity and temperature. Several canisters may be arranged in series, and corrosion activity may be simulated in each canister simultaneously to determine effects of various parameters such as liquid impingement, velocity, and temperature on corrosion activity.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 4, 1993
Date of Patent:
April 2, 1996
Assignee:
Nalco Chemical Company
Inventors:
Elizabeth Babaian-Kibala, Joe S. Walker, John G. Hyatt, Sam Ferguson
Abstract: The invention provides a method of preventing the corrosion of yellow metal surfaces in contact with water. The method comprising the step of adding to the water an environmentally safe mixed tolyltriazole composition including at least 65% of the 5-methylbenzotriazole isomer by weight.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 17, 1994
Date of Patent:
April 2, 1996
Assignee:
Nalco Chemical Company
Inventors:
Narasimha M. Rao, Frank F. Lu, Donald A. Johnson, Nhuan P. Nghiem
Abstract: A process for improving the freeness of paper pulp, which comprises the steps of adding to the pulp at least 0.05%, based on the dry weight of the pulp, of a cellulolytic enzyme, allowing the pulp to contact the cellulolytic enzyme for from about 40 minutes to about 60 minutes at a temperature of at least 40.degree. C., adding at least 0.011%, based on the dry weight of the pulp, of a water soluble cationic polymer, adding at least 0.007%, based on the dry weight of the pulp, of a water soluble anionic or nonionic polymer and forming the thus treated pulp into paper.
Abstract: Alkyl alcohols are added to the effluent from hydrocarbon reactions using phosphoric acid based catalysts to prevent corrosion in metallic pipes and vessels downstream of the reactor. The alcohol is believed to react with phosphoric acid present in the hydrocarbon stream to produce a mixture of phosphate esters which act as corrosion filmers to prevent corrosion. The high boiling points of the phosphate esters allow for the separation of useful product from the phosphate ester corrosion inhibitors.
Abstract: Asphaltenes may be dispersed in caustic treated petroleum crude oil, or in any fraction thereof by adding an effective dispersing amount of a mono or di substituted alkylphenol-formaldehyde resin and or a monosubstituted alkylphenol-polyethylenepolyamine-formaldehyde resin, such resins having a weight average molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 20,000, and an alkyl substituent containing from about 4 to about 24 carbon atoms, which alkyl substituent may be linear or branched.
Abstract: The present invention provides a composition and method of administering same for inhibiting the growth of microorganisms. The composition of the present invention includes sufficient amounts of a peracetic acid and a second organic biocide. The method of the present invention includes the step of adding sufficient amounts of the peracetic acid and the organic biocide to industrial process waters.
Abstract: Selenium compounds present in aqueous liquids containing sulfate and or chloride anions can be effectively removed by passing the liquid through a thiouronium modified anion ion exchange resin.
Abstract: There is provided a strength resin polymer for papermaking that has pendant alpha-hydroxy acetal substituents to (N-alkyl)(C.sub.1-2 alkyl)acrylamide mer units. There also is provided a process for preparation of such resin polymer by adduction of a pre-existing polymer, or the monomer precursors thereto, with an acetal-aldehyde reactant under alkaline conditions. There is provided such strength resin polymer in the form of a fluid liquid system, for instance a fluid solution or a fluid oil-continuous water-in-oil emulsion, particularly when such a system has a high concentration of resin polymer. There is provided activated polymer versions of certain of such resin polymers and paper compositions containing such activated polymer. There is also provided papermaking processes including the step of activating such resin polymer.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 5, 1994
Date of Patent:
February 13, 1996
Assignee:
Nalco Chemical Company
Inventors:
Roger H. Jansma, A. James Begala, Gary S. Furman
Abstract: A composition suitable for use as a binder of ceramic materials and a method for preparing a ceramic material which provides relatively greater green ceramic strength is disclosed. The improved binder contains substantially hydrolyzed copolymer made from monomers having ester or amide functional groups, poly(vinyl amine), poly(vinyl formamide) or a copolymer of vinyl alcohol and vinyl amine. The binder is combined with an aqueous solution containing a ceramic powder to make a slurry, and the slurry is subsequently spray dried, pressed and heated to make a ceramic.
Abstract: Industrial waters treated with water soluble polymers can be satisfactorily recycled into systems containing hardness causing cations by treating the water containing the polymer with a water soluble persulfate salt. Treated waters may be added, for example, into a recirculating cooling water system, saving makeup water, and decreasing the load placed on industrial plant waste water systems.
Abstract: A liquid slurry of bentonite which comprises bentonite, water, a polyacrylate, and a sodium salt of silicic acid. Optionally, a sulfonate is present in an amount of between about 10 to about 30% by weight.