Abstract: A process for the preparation of phloroglucinol is disclosed. The process comprises reacting hexachlorobenzene with sodium propylate or sodium isopropylate, in a molar ratio of from about 1:3 to about 1:20, in an aprotic solvent, at a temperature from about 50 to about 250.degree. C., to form trichlorophloroglucinol tripropylether, or trichlorophloroglucinol triisopropylether. The latter compounds are dechlorinated to form phloroglucinol tripropylether or phloroglucinol triisopropylether, with the use of metallic sodium, and subsequently hydrolyzed to form phloroglucinol.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a wax composition for entirely or partly replacing carnauba wax or montan wax. The composition consists substantially of one or more acids and or derivatives thereof selected from the group consisting of(a) esters of phenols or aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alcohols having at least 1 to 10 primary or secondary hydroxyl groups;(b) amides of ammonia or aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic amines having at least 1 to 15 primary or secondary amino groups;(c) salts of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, amphoteric metals, heavy metals, of ammonium or of a compound containing a tertiary amino group.The acids are obtained by the free radical addition of 1 mole of acetic anhydride to olefins containing 20 or more carbon atoms in the presence of a trivalent manganese compound.

Abstract: Novel peroxyketals having the general formula ##STR1## are provided, wherein R' represents a tert.alkyl group having 4-12 carbon atoms and R.sup.2 represents a branched or a non-branched alkyl group having 1-12 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 5-12 carbon atoms. The peroxyketals can be used to advantage for initiating the copolymerization reaction of ethylenically unsaturated compounds such as unsaturated polyester resins containing both an unsaturated polyester and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer such as styrene.

Abstract: Novel 1,2-diaryl-1,2-dicyano-ethane compounds having the following formula: ##STR1## wherein (1) m, n, p, and q independently are 0 or 1, provided that if m=0, then n=0; and if p=0, then q=0;(2) the groups Y and C, X and D, or both, being capable of forming a heterocyclic ring having 2 to 5 carbon atoms;(3) X, Y, C, and D are independently selected from the group consisting of substituted and unsubstituted alkyl groups having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups having from 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and phenyl;(4) if m=0, X may also be chlorine;(5) if p=0, Y may also be chlorine;(6) if m=1, X and D independently may also be hydrogen;(7) if p=1, Y and C independently may also be hydrogen;(8) if m=1 and n=1, A is nitrogen;(9) if m=1 and n=0, A is at least one member selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur;(10) if p=1 and q=1, B is nitrogen;(11) if p=1 and q=0, B is at least one member selected from the group consisting of oxygen and

Abstract: Novel monochloro-s-triazine derivatives of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently alkyl or substituted alkyl of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, alkenyl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having 6 carbon atoms, or furfuryl, and which derivatives provide antioxidants and UV stabilizers for polymers such as polyolefins are prepared by reacting an alcohol with cyanuric chloride in the presence of an acid acceptor having a pK.sub.b .ltoreq.3, in an organic solvent which is inert to the reaction components.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a resin composition having improved internal and external lubricating properties. The resin compositions comprises polyvinyl chloride or a copolymer thereof and one or more branched-chain monocarboxylic acids and/or derivatives thereof. Such derivatives are selected from the group consisting of(a) esters of phenols or aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alcohols having at least 1 to 10 primary or secondary hydroxyl groups;(b) amides of ammonia or aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic amines having at least 1 to 15 primary or secondary amino groups;(c) salts of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, amphoteric metals, heavy metals, of ammonium or of a compound containing a tertiary amino group. The branched-chain monocarboxylic acids are telomeric acids obtained by the free radical addition of 1 mole of acetic anhydride to at least three moles of hexene and/or higher olefins containing up to 30 or more carbon atoms (C.sub.

Abstract: Compositions comprising asymmetrical peroxydicarbonates and their use in polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as vinyl chloride and diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate) are disclosed.

Abstract: Novel Bis-N-chloramides of aromatic dicarboxylic acids, such as alkyl-isophthalic or alkyl terephthalic acid, or of cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, are obtained by chlorinating the corresponding diamides, in an aqueous acid medium at a temperature of about 0.degree. to 40.degree. C.

Abstract: A polymerizable or copolymerizable unsaturated polyester composition contains a peroxide initiator and a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein Y is hydroxy, alkoxy having 1-12 carbon atoms, or alkyl having 1-12 carbon atoms, and Z is hydrogen, hydroxycarbonyl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyloxycarbonyl having 1-20 carbon atoms, benzoyl, or alkanoyl having 1-4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Novel triazine derivatives which are with cyanoacetic acid, derivatives of cyanoacetic acid or malodinitrile substituted s-triazines and which provide stabilizers against ultraviolet radiation for organic polymers such as polyvinyl chloride or copolymers of polyvinyl chloride or polypropylene are obtained by reacting the corresponding chloro-s-triazinyl derivatives with sodium hydride or a metal lower alcoholate in an organic solvent, and isolating the resulting product by acidification.

Abstract: Novel microporous polymers in forms ranging from films to blocks and intricate shapes from synthetic thermoplastic polymers, such as, olefinic, condensation, and oxidation polymers, are disclosed. In one embodiment the microporous polymers are characterized by a relatively homogeneous, three-dimensional cellular structure having cells connected by pores of smaller dimension. Also disclosed is a process for making microporous polymers from such thermoplastic polymers by heating a mixture of the polymer and a compatible liquid to form a homogeneous solution, cooling said solution under non-equilibrium thermodynamic conditions to initiate liquid-liquid phase separation, and continuing said cooling until the mixture achieves substantial handling strength. Also disclosed are microporous polymer products which contain relatively large amounts of functionally useful liquids and behave as solids.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of para-nitroso-diphenyl-hydroxylamines is discussed. In the improved process the dimerizing rearrangement of a nitroso benzene is performed in the presence of at least 0.5 mole of a Lewis acid per mole of nitroso compound.

Abstract: A composition comprising a curable, ethylenically unsaturated compound containing ester linkages and an effective fire retardant amount of N,N'-ethylene bis(salicylidene iminato) FE II, its oxidation product, or a mixture thereof, is disclosed. Also disclosed is a process for rendering fire retardant a curable ethylenically unsaturated composition containing ester linkages comprising adding to said composition an effective fire retardant amount of N,N'-ethylene bis(salicylidene iminato) FE II, its oxidation product, or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of derivatives of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, and araliphatic compounds containing from 1 to 3 isocyanate groups bonded to from 1 to 3 secondary or tertiary carbon atoms, or a combination thereof, is disclosed. The process comprises reacting a compound of the formula R--(CO--NHCl).sub.n, wherein R represents an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or araliphatic radical, with a tertiary amine having a pK.sub.a greater than 7, at a temperature from about 20.degree. to about 180.degree. C., in an inert solvent, to form a compound of the formula R--(N.dbd.C.dbd.O).sub.n, wherein the isocyanate groups are bonded to secondary or tertiary carbon atoms.

Abstract: A process for preparing certain quaternary ammonium compositions from tertiary amines selected from the group consisting of tertiary amines containing one or two long-chain aliphatic groups, and mixtures thereof, is disclosed. The process comprises reacting the tertiary amine with dimethyl sulfate, diethyl sulfate, or trimethyl phosphate. The reaction is performed in a reaction medium selected from the group consisting of compounds which have a melting point below about 100.degree. C., preferably are capable of dissolving the desired quaternary ammonium compound, and which contain either (i) an ester linkage derived from a fatty acid, (ii) a primary hydroxyl group, or (iii) both, and mixtures of said compounds. The reaction typically is performed at a temperature between about 50.degree. C. and about 150.degree. C., for a length of time sufficient to convert at least a portion of the tertiary amine to the desired quaternary ammonium compound.

Abstract: 1,1-dihydroperoxycyclohexane is desensitized by dissolving it in water, an alcohol, an ester or ketoether. The solution can be handled safely. 1,1-dihydroperoxycyclohexane may be used as an initiator in polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated compounds.

Abstract: A lubricant for use in the processing of plastics is disclosed. The lubricant comprises a polyalkylene oxide made from a monomer selected from the group consisting of aliphatic, non-substituted, 1,2-alkylene oxides containing from about six to about 40 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof, said polyalkylene oxide having an average molecular weight from about 1,000 to about 6,000. Also disclosed is a process for using such lubricants in the shaping of thermoplastic polymers.

Abstract: A building material additive comprising an aqueous dispersion of a hydrophobic constituent which is completely wetted with a surfactant, and a water-soluble polymer is disclosed. The dispersion may also contain air void formers, retardants, plasticizers, accelerators, or the like, or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A concentrated antistatic composition adapted for incorporation into various polymers such as olefins is prepared by admixing a liquid ethoxylated amine antistatic agent, such as an N,N-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) alkenyl or mixed alkenyl and alkyl (C.sub.6 -C.sub.18)amine, with various polymers such as, for example, polypropylene, heating to form a homogeneous liquid and rapidly cooling the mixture to form a solid antistatic agent. A normally liquid antistatic agent can thus be simply and readily blended into a polymer such as polyethylene as a dry, solid product to impart antistatic properties to the blended resin.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of asymmetrical N-phenyl-N'-substituted para-phenylene diamines by the reductive alkylation of para-nitroso-diphenylhydroxylamine with an aldehyde or a ketone in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrogenation catalyst is disclosed. The improvement comprises utilizing as the hydrogenation catalyst (1) one member selected the group consisting of palladium and platinum sulfide, in an amount less than 1%, by weight, based on the weight of para-nitroso-diphenylhydroxylamine, and (2) activated carbon with a specific surface area of at least 700 square meters per gram and an ash content of less than 7.5%, by weight.