Abstract: An improved flowable fill material and method for producing same that provides a medium for disposal of waste wood or other reclaimed debris, including wood treated with anti-microbial and/or anti-fungal materials including those containing copper, chromium and arsenic bearing compounds. The flowable fill material, comprised entirely of recovered and/or recycled materials, provides a medium for the safe disposal of chipped wood or other recovered waste by effectively encapsulating wood chips and substantially retarding further decomposition. Encapsulation of treated wood substantially reduces leaching of arsenic and/or other toxic substances contained therein. The systematic mixing of water, Class C fly ash, and wood chips in specific proportions carries out the present invention.

Abstract: An improved interior wall construction that provides both sound attenuating and fire resistant properties. The improved wall construction eliminates the need for conventional vertical studs by including at least one rigid interior structural panel comprised of compressed straw. A compressed straw panel is situated in a substantially layered configuration with conventional non-woven insulation, at least one air space and a gypsum board sheet on each face. Connection between the compressed straw panel and at least one gypsum board sheet is comprised semi-flexible substantially Z-shaped resilient channel members. The Z-shaped channel members and compressed straw panel each being capable of partially attenuating sound energy passed therethrough.

Abstract: An improved wall and partition construction method that is more time and cost efficient to construct than conventional methods, and that includes no exterior attachment means, thus providing a finished wall with a substantially seemless first and second surface. The improved wall is constructed by attaching rigid panels to a series of channel members each having a hat-shaped cross section generally placed in vertical orientation, along the centerline of a wall. Each channel member includes a plurality of openings that provide an interior pathway for routing utility and communication cables, and/or for containing supplemental insulation. Compressed straw panels are attached to the channel members in a slightly offset alternating manner such that each panel can be rigidly connected to a channel member by a plurality of lag screws with each penetrating the panel from the inside such that the finished wall has no exterior penetrations.

Abstract: An improved interior wall construction that provides both sound attenuating and fire resistant properties. The improved wall construction eliminates the need for conventional vertical studs by including at least one rigid interior structural panel comprised of compressed straw. A compressed straw panel is situated in a substantially layered configuration with conventional non-woven insulation, at least one air space and a gypsum board sheet on each face. Connection between the compressed straw panel and at least one gypsum board sheet is comprised semi-flexible substantially Z-shaped resilient channel members. The Z-shaped channel members and compressed straw panel each being capable of partially attenuating sound energy passed therethrough.

Abstract: A connector and connection system useful in the building and construction industries for joining two substantially planar composite fiber panels together in which at least a part of the connecting device also acts as a guiding means allowing the two panels to be joined together in alignment with one another. The connector and connection system is especially useful for joining a plurality of compressed straw building panels to form a straight wall, partition or similar structure in substantially the same plane, said structure being constructed without having any external fittings or without having to mask or otherwise hide any fasteners, fittings or the like across the joint between the panels.

Abstract: A reconfigurable office partition system that includes movable rigid panels each comprised of a core panel mounted within a perimeter frame. Said core panel comprised of a matrix of compressed straw or other cellulose-based natural fiber lined by paper or paperboard suitable for accepting a variety of surface treatments, and also suitable for accepting nails, screws or other means for hanging or otherwise attaching articles thereon. Frames comprised of vertical and horizontal rails specially adapted to engage said core panels and further adapted to releasably and slidably attach to a series of specialty connectors.

Abstract: A connector and connection system useful in the building and construction industries for joining two substantially planar composite fiber panels together in which at least a part of the connecting device also acts as a guiding means allowing the two panels to be joined together in alignment with one another. The connector and connection system is especially useful for joining a plurality of compressed straw building panels to form a straight wall, partition or similar structure in substantially the same plane, said structure being constructed without having any external fittings or without having to mask or otherwise hide any fasteners, fittings or the like across the joint between the panels.

Abstract: A frame apparatus and system that provides the use of standard tractor-mounted agricultural and industrial work implements with a pickup truck or comparable flat-bed vehicle. Disclosed embodiments provide for the use of commercially available short-line front-end loaders and various effectors suitably adapted for use therewith. The system can be mounted and dismounted with implements attached, and connects to the host vehicle via a bed-mounted gooseneck hitch and frame- or bumper-mounted square hitch receiver.

Abstract: An apparatus for mounting to a truck suspension system which provides reinforcement to standard leaf spring suspensions in a manner that is adjustable and flexible. It provides improved weight distribution while allowing for additional vertical travel of the suspension system during periods of extreme shock loading. The apparatus mounts to the vehicle frame at a location behind the rear axle between the rear axle and rear attachment point of the leaf spring. The apparatus is both vertically and horizontally adjustable and provides an adjustable amount of reinforcement, thus allowing the operator the match the amount of reinforcement to the load. The apparatus can be fully disengaged after installation and selectively used thereafter without requiring removal and subsequent reinstallation. In the disengaged position, the apparatus has no effect on the suspension system of the host vehicle.

Abstract: An off-road pneumatic tire 10 having a tread 12 with a plurality of lugs 14, each lug 14 having a wide section 22 near at least one shoulder of the tread and a narrow section 24 crossing a centerline of the tread. In a preferred embodiment, each lug 14 having two wide sections 22, one extending from each shoulder 16, 18 of the tread 12 and being interconnected by the narrow section 24.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire has an integrated circuit transponder which, upon interrogation by an external RF signal, transmits tire identification and/or other data in digitally-coded form. The transponder has a coil antenna of small enclosed area as compared to the area enclosed by an annular tensile member comprising a bead of the tire. The annular tensile member, during transponder interrogation, acts as the primary winding of a transformer. The coil antenna is loosely coupled to the primary winding and is the secondary winding of the transformer. The coil antenna is substantially planar in shape, and, when positioned between the innerliner of the tire and its carcass ply, the transponder may include a pressure sensor responsive to tire inflation pressure.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire (10) comprising a pair of annular beads (12,12') spaced from one another with a liner (20) extending between the tire beads. A reinforcement ply (24) and a barrier ply (26) are provided extending between the beads and a circumferentially inextensible belt assembly (28) is positioned in the crown region (30) of the tire. The reinforcement ply has parallel cords (27) of aromatic polyamide material or cables of steel and the barrier ply is made from a material having a ply modulus of elasticity substantially less than that of the reinforcement ply. The parallel cords or cables of the barruier ply preferably are at an angle (.alpha.) different than the angle (.beta.) of the parallel cords or cables of the reinforcement ply.

Abstract: All-season radial-ply pneumatic tire for passenger and light truck vehicles. A rubber tread is positioned radially outwardly of a carcass ply and belt structure. The tread has grooves that define blocks of rubber spaced apart circumferentially around the tread. Circumferentially-spaced corners of the rubber blocks are chamfered toward the respective bottoms of the grooves, thereby, to increase their respective stiffnesses to improve their uniformity of wear and also to reduce the amplitude of sound frequencies generated by the tire in normal use.

Abstract: In a radiographic digital subtraction system utilizing a contrast agent for enhancing a difficult-to-image anatomic region of interest, a method of selecting a superior difference image. The difference image selected represents the differential between a pair of digitized radiographic images selected from a series of such images acquired before and after the contrast appears in the region of interest during a dynamic imaging study.

Abstract: A method for welding an electrical lead wire to a terminal pin with the use of a laser beam. The method is particularly designed for use in welding an electrical lead wire of an exhaust gas sensor to a terminal pin having an opening through which the electrical lead wire extends to the exterior of the pin. The lead wire may be made of nichrome material and the terminal pin from leaded steel. The laser beam is positioned vertically above the extended portion of the lead wire and its focal point is above the end of the lead wire. No separate filler metal is required since the lead wire material is itself available as a filler material.

Abstract: An exhaust gas sensor electrical circuit is improved by the provision of circuit means for inhibiting reduction in the magnitude of the change in voltage signal produced in the sensor circuitry. The reduction in magnitude change would otherwise result from prolonged exposure of the sensor ceramic elements to exhaust gases produced by combustion of a rich air/fuel mixture or a lean air/fuel mixture. The sensor has a titania or other exhaust gas sensing element responsive to temperature and to the partial pressure of oxygen. A second metal oxide ceramic element also is responsive to exhaust gas sensor temperature, but is more slowly responsive to the partial pressure of oxygen in the exhaust gases. Prolonged exposure of the second element in the sensor to rich-mixture exhaust gases or to lean-mixture exhaust gases can lead to a temporary but substantial loss of output signal magnitude from the sensor in the absence of the inhibiting means of the improved circuitry.

Abstract: An improved sensor having a ceramic element that undergoes a change in an electrical characteristic in response to a change in the partial pressure of oxygen in a mixture of gases to which the ceramic element is exposed. Sensors of this type are used to detect the air/fuel ratio of mixtures supplied to internal combustion engines. Prior art sensors are characterized by little change in their respective electrical characteristics at low operating temperatures. A charge transfer material, platinum or platinum/rhodium is applied to the ceramic element to facilitate or make possible the electron transfers required for sensor operation at low temperatures. Platinum/rhodium alloy is the currently preferred charge transfer material. This alloy, which preferably is 90% platinum and 10% rhodium, reduces the minimum temperature of operation for the sensor as taught herein, and it also substantially eliminates vaporization loss of the charge transfer material.

Abstract: An improved peripheral station in an information handling system of the type having a signal bus, a master station and a plurality of peripheral stations controlled by signals transmitted on the signal bus by the master station. Information is transmitted cyclically in information frames and each peripheral station responds to one of these frames. The peripheral station includes an address decoder for identifying the information frame to which the peripheral station responds, a gate circuit for coupling signals from the signal bus to one or more outputs of the peripheral station, circuitry for verifying the gated signal by comparing it with a corresponding next-received signal, and a synchronization detector for maintaining synchronization of the signals transmitted from the master station to the peripheral station.

Abstract: An improved sensor having a ceramic element that undergoes a change in an electrical characteristic in response to a change in the partial pressure of oxygen in a mixture of gases to which the ceramic element is exposed. Sensors of this type are used to detect the air-fuel ratio of mixtures supplied to internal combustion engines. Prior art titania and zirconia sensors are characterized by little change in their respective electrical characteristics at operating temperatures below about 350.degree. C. A charge transfer material, platinum, has been applied to the ceramic element to facilitate or make possible the electron transfers required for sensor operation. Loss of the platinum charge transfer material by vaporization, as the result of operation at normal elevated temperatures, has been discovered to be the cause of a loss of sensor response at low sensor operating temperatures. The improved sensor has a charge transfer material comprised of an alloy of platinum and rhodium.

Abstract: An improved exhaust gas oxygen sensor of the type adapted for installation in the exhaust conduit of an internal combustion engine. The improved sensor preferably uses a titania metal oxide ceramic element to sense the partial pressure of oxygen in the exhaust gases to which the sensor is exposed. The sensor has a steel body, a ceramic insulator which is used to support the titania sensing element and its wires which pass through the insulator bodies and as terminal pins inserted into enlarged passages in the insulator for connection to the titania sensing element wires. The terminal pins are of an improved design wherein a cement material in the enlarged passage of the insulator is made to flow into a groove in each of the terminal pins and into another space between the exterior of the terminal pin and the interior of the insulator passage.