Abstract: A process for oxidation and ammoxidation of hydrocarbons using catalysts having the empirical formulaBiMo.sub.a V.sub.b Sb.sub.c O.sub.xwherein a is from 0.5-2, b is from 0.12-3, c is from 0.12 to 10, d is 0-0.5 and x is selected to satisfy the valence requirements of the other elements present. M is one or more elements selected from Groups I-A, II-A, III-A, V-A, VI-A, I-B, IV-B, VI-B and VII-B of the Periodic Table.The catalyst is prepared by forming a slurry of vanadium antimonate component, a bismuth molybdate component, and optionally the compound M and/or a support material, drying the slurry, and calcining to form the catalyst.The process is useful for production of acrylonitrile from propylene, ammonia, and an oxygen-containing gas.

Abstract: A process for the ammoxidation of methanol or formaldehyde to hydrogen cyanide or oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde using a catalyst comprising boron and phosphorus oxides, wherein the boron to phosphorus atomic ratio is 0.8:1 to 1.25:1.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing acrylonitrile by reacting at an elevated temperature in the vapor phase propylene, ammonia, and molecular oxygen over a specific catalyst. The catalyst has the empirical formulaBiMo.sub.a V.sub.b Sb.sub.c M.sub.d O.sub.xwherein a is from 0.5 to 2, b is from 0.01 to 0.12, c is from 0.01 to 10, d is from 0 to 0.5, and x is selected to satisfy the valence requirements of the other elements present. M is one or more elements selected from Groups I-A, II-A, III-A, V-A, VI-A, I-B, IV-B, VI-B, and VII-B of the Periodic Table. The catalyst is prepared by forming a slurry of a vanadium component, an antimony component, a hydrophilic bismuth molybdate component having the empirical formulaBiMo.sub.a O.sub.x.Y(H.sub.2 O)wherein a is from 0.5 to 2, x is selected to satisfy the valence requirements of the other elements present and Y is a number such that the bound water is 5 to 40 weight percent of the total component.

Abstract: The invention relates to a water-based, flowable herbicide composition of mixtures of 2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide herbicide (commonly referred to as propachlor) and s-triazine herbicides, e.g., atrazine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a water-based, flowable herbicide composition of 2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide herbicide (commonly referred to as propachlor).

Abstract: Polyamide molding and extrusion compositions prepared by melt-blending a polyamide resin and a polyamide reactive halogen functional elastomer. The invention includes a process for preparing the resin and the molded or extruded product.

Abstract: Polyamide compositions comprising:(a) at least one polyamide resin of number average molecular weight of at least 5000; and(b) at least one block polymer having(i) from about 30 to about 70 weight percent polyamide segments selected from ##STR1## wherein x is an integer equal to five or more and y is an integer equal to three or more;(ii) from about 70 to about 30 weight percent of segments having a molecular weight of at least 300 selected from the group consisting of segments of poly(ethylene oxide), poly(propylene oxide), polycaprolactone, polytetrahydrofuran, polybutadiene, polyisoprene, polyisobutylene, poly(C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkylene acrylate), poly(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 dialkylene siloxane), poly(ethylene-co-propylene), poly(ethylene-co-carbon monoxide) and combinations thereof; said (ii) segments being connected to an (i) polyamide segment through groups selected from amide, ester, urea, carbamate and imide; and(iii) greater than 0.

Abstract: Including an aminophosphonate and a hydroxyphosphonate in an aqueous bath in which a textile material is dyed with a water-insoluble (e.g. disperse) dye results in improved dyeing (uniformity, water-fastness, etc.) and, in dyeing of polyester fiber, eliminates the need for use of a swelling agent.

Abstract: Lightweight metal-thermoplastic-metal laminates exhibiting an improved combination of good formability and bending strength comprise a core layer of a thermoplastic material selected from certain partly crystalline polyamides and polyesters, and a metal layer of certain aluminum alloys laminated on each side of the core layer, said thermoplastic and metal layers having certain requirements with respect to thickness and tensile elongation, and, additionally for the metal, tensile offset yield strength.

Abstract: Various clay substances, such as kaolin, can be reversibly deflocculated by treating the flocculant clay slurry with a deflocculating amount of a polymer having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein n averages at least 4; M is selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, ammonium, and alkanol amine groups having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are individually any chemically stable group which stabilizes the polymer against rapid depolymerization in alkaline solution. When the polymer depolymerizes, the clay slurry will reflocculate under agitated or quiescent conditions. The length of time that the slurry remains fluid depends on the pH, the concentration of the polymer, and the hydrolytic stability of the polymer.

Abstract: Polyamide molding resin compositions are prepared by melt-blending a polyamide resin, a hydroxyl-functional elastomer and a succinic-functional coupling agent. The invention includes a process fore preparing the molding resin and the molded resin product.

Abstract: A polyacetal carboxylate is provided having the following empirical formula: ##STR1## where M is selected from the group consisting of akali metal, ammonium, tetra-alkyl ammonium groups and alkanol ammonium groups, and n averages at least 4. Such polyacetal carboxylates can be used as complexing agents and detergency builders.

Abstract: Ultraphosphoric acid containing a phosphorus to hydrogen ratio of greater than 1 can be prepared by bringing together in a reaction zone elemental phosphorus and a sufficient amount of oxygen in a free-oxygen containing gas to form phosphorus pentoxide, and a sufficient amount of water to form ultraphosphoric acid. The mole ratio of water to phosphorus pentoxide is maintained less than 1:1. Heat is removed from the product stream of the reaction zone to condense at least some of the ultraphosphoric acid which is then collected. In the preferred embodiment, a heat exchange fluid such as pressurized water is circulated through a cooling coil positioned to remove heat from the product stream of the reaction zone. The ultraphosphoric acid can be combined with water to provide polyphosphoric acid.

Abstract: A polymer having the average structure: ##STR1## wherein Y is a moiety containing 1 to about 20 carbon atoms randomly distributed along the polymer chain derived from a comonomer selected from the group consisting of aldehydes and epoxy compounds; p is 0 or 1; the product of q and n averages at least 4; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are individually any chemically stable group which stabilizes the polymer against rapid depolymerization in alkaline solution; and Z is a mixture of H and members selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, ammonium and alkanol amine groups having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, is useful for the reversible deflocculation of clay slurries. In the preferred embodiments, p is 0 to provide a homopolymer, the product of q and n averages between about 10 and about 200, and Z is a mixture containing at least 1 percent H, the remainder being alkali metal, e.g., sodium.

Abstract: The alkali metal, ammonium and alkanol amine salts of acetal carboxylate polymers are known to be stable detergent builders and chelating agents which depolymerize in acid media making the polymer fragments more readily biodegradable in waste streams. Now, according to the present invention, the hydrolytic stability of an acetal carboxylate polymer can be controlled by bringing together under polymerization conditions an ester of glyoxylic acid and a polymerization initiator and adding to the termini of the resulting polymer end groups having substituents which are selected to be more electron withdrawing as the desired hydrolytic stability increases.

Abstract: Oral compositions such as mouth washes, toothpastes, other oral hygiene products, foods, beverages, chewing gums and the like containing certain bis(carboxyalkoxy)-butanedioic acid compounds inhibit dental calculus formation.

Abstract: Fire retardant compositions comprising (a) ammonium sulfate; (b) a carboxyalkyl or hydroxyalkyl ether of a polygalactomannan; and optionally (c) other fire retardant chemicals from the groups consisting of monoammonium orthophosphate, diammonium orthophosphate; monoammonium pyrophosphate; diammonium pyrophosphate; triammonium pyrophosphate; tetraammonium pyrophosphate; ammonium, substituted ammonium, amide and melamine polyphosphates; ammonium-alkali metal mixed salts of ortho-, pyro- and polyphosphates; ammonium-alkaline earth metal mixed salts of ortho-, pyro- and polyphosphates; and mixtures thereof. There are disclosed both aqueous forms and concentrated non-aqueous forms of the compositions which are particularly useful for preventing, extinguishing and suppressing forest fires.

Abstract: Aqueous compositions useful as disinfectant hard-surface and general purpose household cleaners comprise:(a) from about 0.03 percent to about 20 percent by weight ortho-benzyl-para-chlorophenol;(b) from about 1.0 to about 2.5 parts by weight, per part by weight of Component (a), of an alkali metal salt of an alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid or mixtures thereof;(c) from about 0.03 to about 1.5 parts by weight, per part by weight of Component (a), of a sulfobetaine surfactant;(d) from about 0.2 to about 0.5 parts by weight, per part by weight of Component (c), of an anionic surfactant which is a C.sub.10 to C.sub.18 alkyl sulfate or mixtures thereof;(e) from about 0.02 to about 0.05 parts by weight, per combined parts by weight of Components (b), (c) and (d), of a detergency boosting acrylic copolymer.

Abstract: The trialkali metal salts of nitrilotriacetate are well known detergent builders. However, when hypochlorite bleach is added to the wash water it can oxidize the soluble uncomplexed nitrilotriacetate with the resultant loss of the beneficial effects of the use of such salts as a builder. Now, a method has been developed of protecting the desirable builder properties of the trialkali metal nitrilotriacetate in an aqueous solution containing active chlorine which comprises adding to the nitrilotriacetate a sufficient amount of trialkali metal imidodisulfate to protect at least some of the nitrilotriacetate from damage by the chlorine.

Abstract: Aqueous compositions useful as disinfectant hard-surface cleaners comprise:(a) from about 0.03 percent to about 20 percent by weight orthobenzyl-para-chlorophenol;(b) from about 1.0 to about 2.5 parts by weight, per part by weight of Component (a), of an alkali metal salt of an alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid or mixtures thereof;(c) from 0 to about 1.5 parts by weight, per part by weight of Component (a), of a surfactant which is different from Component (b) selected from the group consisting of(1) anionic surfactants selected from the group consisting of water soluble organic sulfonates and sulfates;(2) sulfobetaine surfactants; and(3) mixtures thereof; and(d) from about 0.02 to about 0.05 parts by weight, per combined parts by weight of Components (b) and (c), of a detergency boosting acrylic copolymer.