Abstract: An aluminum chlorhydroxide-phosphoric acid catalyst system has been devised that is practical for treatments of cellulose-containing textile materials with formaldehyde and formaldehyde-amide adducts under flash curing conditions to produce valuable, improved durable-press properties in the treated textiles.

Abstract: Network polymers containing phosphorus and nitrogen are deposited and fixed in cellulosic textiles by impregnating the textile with an aqueous solution of an oligomeric vinylphosphonate and a polyethyleneamine or polyethyleneimine and removing water from the impregnated textile to facilitate interaction between the chemical components, thus providing a process and a flame retarding composition for cellulosic textiles.

Abstract: Stable oil and water emulsions, prepared such that a water-soluble phosphorus monomer, a melamine-formaldehyde resin, and an emulsifier of high HLB value are in the water phase while an oil soluble halogenated phosphate and emulsifier of low HLB value are in a chlorinated solvent, can be used to impart durable-to-laundering flame retardancy to both cotton and cotton-polyester textiles provided the HLB value of the final emulsion is greater than 9 and not over 15.1.

Abstract: (Z)-9-Tetradecen-1-ol formate [(Z)-9-TDF], a chemical of nonbiological origin, was prepared and found to have excellent potential as an insect control agent for the corn earworm, Heliothis zea (Boddie) and tobacco budworm, H. virescens (F.). Mating of H. zea and H. Virescens moths exposed in the field to an atmosphere permeated with (Z)-9-TDF was greatly reduced. The chemical can be used alone to inhibit mating of H. zea or H. virescens or it can be dispensed together with other mating inhibitors to suppress mating in several pest species simultaneously.

Abstract: Alkyl and aryl phosphonic acids and certain salts thereof have been found useful as catalysts for the chemical reactions involved in finishing cotton and other cellulosic textiles. These versatile catalysts can be employed in a variety of finishing treatments including dimensional stability, durable press, and flame resistance and are operative under a diverse range of processing conditions.

Abstract: Under influence of positive and negative aerodynamic action imposed on a conic surface, airborne fibers and tufts are compelled to disperse approximately 360.degree. and to enter the rotor of an open-end yarn spinner device, peripherally, thereby minimizing identifiable yarn imperfections and inefficiencies attributive to open-end yarn formation.

Abstract: New mixed esters of diols having one hydroxyl group esterified with benzoic acid and the other esterified with various saturated or unsaturated aliphatic acids or aromatic acids other than benzoic are found to have antimicrobial activity against several pathogenic microorganisms, and to have properties making them useful as antimicrobial agents.

Abstract: Water-soluble multivalent metal salts of carboxyl-containing vinyl monomers are polymerized in situ in fibrous substrates and fixed therein as network polymeric structures. This finish is useful for development of flame retardance, sanitizing characteristics, and other special performance qualities in fibrous compositions and fabrics.

Abstract: An apparatus for pressing textile fiber and tufts into lap through the use of converging belts around and between compression rollers thus improving the uniformity and surface texture of the lap is disclosed. The device comprises a series of driven rollers, belts and compression springs uniquely arranged to transform open fibers and tufts into a uniform, compressed and homogenous lap.

Abstract: Soluble adduct polymers were allowed to react with phenol, alkyl substituted phenols or halogen substituted phenols which contain one or more hydrogens ortho or para to the phenolic hydroxyl group to (a) prepare flame resistant polymers and (b) prepare flame-, glow-, wrinkle- and shrink-resistant woven and knit textiles which contain 25% or more cellulosic fibers.

Abstract: Paramagnetic susceptibility has been imparted to raw unprocessed cotton fibers by impregnating the fibers with a paramagnetic organometallic rare earth compound dissolved in hydrocarbon solvent. The strength of the imparted property is sufficient to allow for the manipulation of the textile fibers by magnetic force fields in conjunction with radically new techniques of textile processing. The paramagnetic susceptibility is removable and whatever paramagnetic compound use is recoverable.

Abstract: Diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-Cotton, prepared so that the tertiary amine nitrogens have unshared electrons and are thus in the Lewis-base form, is reacted with an alcoholic solution of an alpha-omega dihaloalkane to quaternize amino groups. The fabric produced by this process is crosslinked between tertiary amine nitrogen groups in cellulose and every alkylene group introduced is connected to two quaternary ammonium ions. The products of this process have strong base anion exchange properties and fabrics of high nitrogen content are imparted both wet and dry crease resistance.

Abstract: A unique radial electrode has been designed in the same configuration as the feed roller of a cotton ginning system. The electrode is then installed as part of a feed roller and properly insulated from the ginning system. When seed cotton is fed between the feed rollers the charged radial electrode becomes a signal electrode communicating with the rest of the system which forms as a ground. The resultant current flow between the electrode and the ground passing through the seed cotton produces a measure of the moisture in the seed cotton.

Abstract: Textile treating compositions containing the elements phosphorus, nitrogen, and bromine and the processes for imparting flame resistance to organic fibrous materials have been prepared. This is accomplished by impregnating the textile treating compositions consisting of (1) tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine mixed with nitrogenous compounds containing at least two members of the group hydrogen and methylol radicals (--CH.sub.2 OH) attached to trivalent nitrogen atoms, or (2) soluble methylol phosphine adducts which contain one or more methylol phosphine radicals (P--CH.sub.2 OH) prepared by reacting tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine with an amide or amine which contains one or more hydrogens attached to a trivalent nitrogen with an organic bromine containing material with at least 10% bromine in the form of bromine atoms attached to carbon atoms, in proportions selected so that generally the phosphorus contained in structures of the group (--CH.sub.2).sub.

Abstract: A single treatment process for imparting durable soil release and soil repellent properties to cotton fabrics and to cotton polyester blend fabrics with widely different constructions and compositions comprising free radical initiated reactions of a vinyl monomer that contains carboxyl functional groups with cotton and polyester in the fabrics, is described. Of special interest is the unusually high efficiency of removal of both aqueous soils and oily soils from the treated fabrics and the unusually high durability of the properties of treated cotton fabrics and cotton polyester blend fabrics with widely different constructions and compositions to laundering and cleaning.

Abstract: Acetylthio amides and esters were prepared by the free radical addition of thiolacetic acid to the terminal and nonterminal double bonds of N-substituted fatty amides and fatty esters. The free radical additions of the thiolacetic acid to the unsaturated compounds were initiated by irradiation using cobalt-60. The process using irradiation with cobalt-60 was also used to bring about the addition of bromotrichloromethane to N-substituted fatty amides and fatty esters to produce halogen-containing amides and esters. These new sulfur or halogen-containing compounds were found to have antimicrobial activity and to possess properties making them useful as antimicrobial agents.

Abstract: Cellulosic textiles are impregnated with an aqueous solution containing a methylol crosslinking reagent and either a half amide of a 1,2- or 1,3-dicarboxylic acid or a half ammonium, sodium, or potassium salt of a 1,2- or 1,3-dicarboxylic acid. After the impregnated textiles are cured, they have high levels of crosslinking as indicated by high resilience and high levels of acidic groups as indicated by basic dye adsorption and the ability to form new, permanent creases when pressed at high temperatures.

Abstract: 2,4-Diamino-6(3,3,3-tribromo-1-propyl)-1,3,5-triazine and 2,4-diamino-6(3,3,3-trichloro-1-propyl)-1,3,5-triazine were prepared by the reaction of the corresponding methyl or ethyl .gamma.-tribromo-butyrate or methyl or ethyl .gamma.-trichlorobutyrate with biguanide. The N-methylol derivatives of the diaminotrihalopropyl triazines were prepared by the reaction of the triazines with aqueous formaldehyde. Two pure tetramethylol derivatives were prepared, namely: 2,4-bis[bis(hydroxymethyl)amino]-6-(3,3,3-tribromo-1-propyl)-1,3,5-triazin e and 2,4-bis[bis(hydroxymethyl)amino]-6-(3,3,3-trichloro-1-propyl)-1,3,5-triazi ne. The tetramethylol derivatives were used to impart durable flame retardancy and wrinkle recovery to cellulosic textiles, particularly to cotton. Flame-retardancy was also imparted to wool and to blends of cotton and polyester.

Abstract: Glasslike materials have been produced by heating plumbite-treated cellulosics in a limited oxygen atmosphere while in contact with a glass or ceramic surface. Cotton-lace, knits, and other designs of cellulosic materials can be applied to glass or ceramic surfaces by process of this invention. Glass or ceramic materials have been joined together to form a strong bond by placing a piece of the plumbite-treated cellulosic material between the glasses and heating the assembly in a limited oxygen atmosphere. Etching of glass has also been achieved by process of this invention.

Abstract: Hydroxymethylphosphorus compounds are insolubilized in and reacted with cellulosic textiles by combination with poly(ethyleneureas) and poly(N-methylolethyleneureas) to impart durable flame retardancy to the textile. The poly(ethyleneurea) or poly(N-methylolethyleneurea) may be employed as the sole coreactant for the hydroxymethyl phosphorus compound or as a supplement to urea, N-methylolureas, and the like.